RESUMO
Se presentan los resultados de un estudio sobre posibles factores de riesgos por los cuales son ingresados en un hospital Pediátrico. La muestra estuvo constituida por 152 recién nacidos que ingresaron en las diferentes salas del Hospital Pediátrico Docente Provincial Mártires de Las Tunas, desde enero de 1999 hasta diciembre del 2000. A la par se seleccionó un grupo control compuesto por 152 recién nacidos de la misma edad y que no se enfermaron en esta época de la vida. Diversas variables fueron evaluadas como posibles factores de riesgo. Para el análisis estadístico se agruparon los datos en tablas de contingencia 2 x 2, y se calculó el riesgo, con límite de confianza superior al 95 por ciento. Se constataron como factores asociados los siguientes: enfermedades de la madre durante el embarazo, escolaridad de la madre menos de noveno grado, nacer antes de las 36,6 semanas, nacer por parto distócico, pesar menos de 2500 gramos y ser hijo de una madre soltera. Como factores protectores encontramos: madre ama de casa, recibir lactancia materna, tener más de 21 días de nacido y como factores sin ninguna asociación: ingreso de la madre durante el embarazo y el sexo del niño(AU)
The results of a study about possible factors of risk for hospitalizing new born children in a paediatric hospital, are presented here. A sample of one hundred and fifty two new norn children hospitalized in the pediatric educational hospital Martires de Las Tunas during the period of time from January 1999 to December 2000, was compared to a sample of are hundred and fifty two new born of the same age, who didn't get risk in the same period of life. Diverse variants were evaluated as possible factors of risk. For the statistical analysis, the facts were grouped in contingency charts of 2 x 2, the risk was calculated in a confidence limit over 95 per cent. As associated factors were established: mother's rickness during pregnancy, having had medicines during pregnancy, mother's scholarhiyn of less than 9 th grade, having been born defore 36,6 weeks, having been born by dystocial delivery, having weighed less than 2500 grams and having been the child of a single mother as detective factors m ther as a housewife, recciving mother lactation and age of more than 21 days; and as no associative factors, mother's haspitalization during pregnancy and child sex(AU)