RESUMO
According to recent research, eating behaviour should be understand as a cyclical and interactive process in which parental eating habits cause children to develop specific eating strategies as well as their own eating habits. Needless to say, this interactive process is reflected and has a direct impact on the nutritional indicators of the children in a family. The objectives of this study were the following: (i) to verify the existence of a significant association between the educational level of parents and the nutritional state of children in the same family; (ii) to discover if there is a direct relation between the nutritional state of children and the person that decides the menu and/or prepares family meals; (iii) to determine if there is a link between the nutritional state of children and the time that they spend on sedentary leisure activities. The sample population was composed of 718 school children and adolescents, 9-17 years of age, who A descriptive, transversal, and multicentric study was performed that evaluated the nutritional state of the entire sample by using anthropometric techniques to assess weight, height, and body mass index.
Assuntos
Família , Obesidade/psicologia , Sobrepeso/psicologia , Adolescente , Antropometria , Índice de Massa Corporal , Criança , Escolaridade , Comportamento Alimentar , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Estado Nutricional , Obesidade/epidemiologia , Sobrepeso/etiologia , Comportamento Sedentário , Meio Social , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Espanha/epidemiologiaRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Breast cancer is one of the most frequent diseases in women today, and its social impact is devastating. The risk factors focused on in recent research are mainly hormonal, genetic, and environmental though toxic habits, overweight, and obesity have also been studied. In contrast, protective factors against breast cancer include breastfeeding and daily exercise. OBJECTIVE: To ascertain the risk factors for the women with breast cancer in our study sample. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A study of cases and controls was performed on 115 women diagnosed with breast cancer and on 115 healthy women, who had been patients at the National Cancer Institute ISSEMYM in Mexico from January to December 2011. Information was collected from the women in the sample pertaining to their family history of cancer, personal background, life style, and body mass index (BMI). Breast cancer risk was estimated with multivariate logistic regression models and the chi-square test. RESULTS: It was found that there was a greater risk of breast cancer in overweight or obese women who did not do any physical exercise and either who had breastfed their children for a very short time or who had not breastfed them at all. No significant differences were found between breast cancer and toxic habits. CONCLUSIONS: The results of our study found a direct relation between breast cancer and overweight, obesity, and physical inactivity. Breastfeeding during the first months of the baby's life was found to be a protective factor against breast cancer.
Assuntos
Neoplasias da Mama/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Índice de Massa Corporal , Aleitamento Materno , Criança , Exercício Físico/fisiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Estilo de Vida , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , México/epidemiologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Obesidade/epidemiologia , Sobrepeso/epidemiologia , Puberdade Precoce/epidemiologia , Fatores de Risco , Adulto JovemRESUMO
UNLABELLED: Overweight, obesity, and breast cancer are three pathologies that are endemic in the world today and which have a great impact on society. Many research studies are currently trying to discover possible associations between these factors and to specify the links between them. OBJECTIVE: To verify whether there is a direct connection between overweight/obesity in women with breast cancer and its relation to age of diagnosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The sample population in this study was composed of 118 women (32-76 years of age) who had been diagnosed and treated for breast cancer in 2009-2011 at the Centro Oncológico Estatal ISSEMyM [National Cancer Institute of Mexico]. An observational, descriptive, and transversal study was performed in which a random sample of n = 60 women was divided into two groups. The first group was composed of women with breast cancer, but who were of normal weight. The second group was composed of women with breast cancer, but who were either overweight or obese. In both groups, the Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA) was applied, and the BMI (weight and height) was determined as well as waist circumference. RESULTS: A statistically significant relation was found between age of diagnosis and weight (normal/overweight/obese) of the subjects (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The results obtained show that overweight and obesity are directly linked to breast cancer and age of diagnosis. Breast cancer was diagnosed earlier in women of normal weight.
Assuntos
Neoplasias da Mama/etiologia , Obesidade/complicações , Sobrepeso/complicações , Adulto , Idade de Início , Idoso , Índice de Massa Corporal , Neoplasias da Mama/epidemiologia , Feminino , Humanos , México/epidemiologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Obesidade/epidemiologia , Sobrepeso/epidemiologia , Risco , Circunferência da CinturaRESUMO
UNLABELLED: During pregnancy, the prolonged stress and worry felt by mothers can alter the development and function of the right brain hemisphere. For this reason, importance is given to prenatal stimulation programs for pregnant women. OBJECTIVES: To determine the perinatal results in the moment of childbirth in mothers who had participated in prenatal stimulation programs. MATERIAL: An experimental study was conducted in five health districts in the town of Cienfuegos (Cuba) with a view to identifying the perinatal results at the moment of childbirth in women that had participated in prenatal stimulation programs. METHODOLOGY: The study consisted of an intentional sampling of all of the subjects (n = 200 women who were 20-28 weeks pregnant). The variables studied were the following: duration of labor, baby's birth weight, Apgar score at birth, type of childbirth, and opinion of the subjects about the prenatal stimulation program. RESULTS: Of the population sample, 36% of the subjects gave birth in less than six hours; 67.5% had babies weighing 2,500-3,000 grams; and 96.5% had babies whose Apgar scores were between 8 and 9. Finally, 68.5% of the subjects had natural childbirths and 96% were satisfied with the prenatal stimulation program. CONCLUSIONS: The results obtained showed that these new prenatal stimulation programs were well received by the subjects in this study.
Assuntos
Cuidado Pré-Natal/métodos , Estimulação Acústica , Adulto , Afeto , Índice de Apgar , Peso ao Nascer/fisiologia , Cuba , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Satisfação do Paciente , Estimulação Luminosa , Estimulação Física , Gravidez , Resultado da GravidezRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Several authors have found correlations between anthropometric parameters and blood pressure levels in overweight and obese subjects. This paper is an update on the potential of these parameters as a tool for predicting cardiovascular risk. AIMS: to estimate the prevalence of overweight and obesity. Second verify the existence of a significant correlation between the main anthropometric indicators and the blood pressure levels. SAMPLE: The population consisted of 977 children and adolescents between 9 and 17 years of age belonging to 13 schools in the province of Granada and city. METHODOLOGY: anthropometric evaluation in which they were assessed six skinfolds, waist circumference, hip and determination of blood pressure in three consecutive occasions. The anthropometric assessment phase began in March 2008 lasted until April 2009. RESULTS: We found that the prevalence of overweight in girls varied between 18.3% and 32.2%. For its part, the prevalence among boys was between 10.9% and 26.1%. Regarding the prevalence of obesity, the girls had similar rates between 4.5% and 15.1%. Among boys the prevalence of obesity was similar, and found rates between 4.7% and 12.6%. Of all the parameters measured, body mass index and waist circumference were the anthropometric indicators that showed a better correlation to blood pressure. CONCLUSIONS: BMI and WC are useful anthropometric indicators to predict cardiovascular risk in non adults.
Assuntos
Hipertensão/epidemiologia , Hipertensão/fisiopatologia , Estado Nutricional/fisiologia , Obesidade/epidemiologia , Obesidade/fisiopatologia , Sobrepeso/epidemiologia , Sobrepeso/fisiopatologia , Adolescente , Fatores Etários , Antropometria , Composição Corporal/fisiologia , Índice de Massa Corporal , Doenças Cardiovasculares/epidemiologia , Criança , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Medição de Risco , Fatores Sexuais , Dobras Cutâneas , Espanha/epidemiologia , Estudantes , Circunferência da Cintura/fisiologia , Relação Cintura-Quadril/estatística & dados numéricosRESUMO
Numerous studies have focused on establishing a relation between the serum values of biomolecules such as leptin, ceruloplasmin, and lipoprotein (a), and the nutritional state and levels of diastolic and systolic blood pressure in subjects with problems of overweight or obesity. However, in many cases, the results obtained have not been conclusive. The results of our study confirm the existence of a statistically significant association between the serum levels of these biomolecules, the nutritional state of the subjects, and levels of diastolic and systolic blood pressure. For the population of overweight and obese adolescents studied, the evaluation of the serum concentrations of these biomolecules was found to be an important instrument that could be used to identify those subjects with an elevated risk of suffering cardiovascular disorders basically derived from a hypertensive status.
Assuntos
Doenças Cardiovasculares/epidemiologia , Ceruloplasmina/metabolismo , Leptina/sangue , Lipoproteína(a)/sangue , Medição de Risco/métodos , Adolescente , Pressão Sanguínea/fisiologia , Ceruloplasmina/análise , Criança , Feminino , Humanos , Hipertensão/sangue , Hipertensão/epidemiologia , Masculino , Obesidade/sangue , Obesidade/epidemiologia , Sobrepeso/sangue , Sobrepeso/epidemiologia , Espanha/epidemiologiaRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: The objective of this research was to study the prevalence of obesity and excess weight in a population of school children and adolescents, and to verify the effectiveness of an educational intervention, as reflected in the variation of their body mass index values. MATERIALS: The population sample was composed of 977 school children and adolescents from 9 to 17 years of age, belonging to 13 public elementary schools and high schools in the city and province of Granada (Spain). METHODOLOGY: This longitudinal cohort study was analytical, muticentric, and observational. It was carried out in three phases. The first phase involved the evaluation of the nutritional state of the sample population by means of anthropometric measurements (weight, height, body mass index, six skin folds and four body perimeters) as well as arterial blood pressure. The second phase entailed an educational intervention focusing on good nutritional habits and physical exercise. The third and final phase evaluated the effectiveness of the intervention. RESULTS: A higher obesity prevalence (15.1%) was found in school girls between 12 and 13. In the case of boys, obesity prevalence was lower up to age 13 though afterwards, it progressively increased (12.6%). The educational intervention produced an important reduction in body mass index values in both sexes though this reduction was more significant in young females. CONCLUSIONS: There is a currently an alarming increase in obesity and overweight prevalence among the population evaluated in this study. The significant reduction in body mass index values resulting from this research confirmed the effectiveness of the educational intervention to reduce excess weight.
Assuntos
Obesidade/terapia , Educação de Pacientes como Assunto , Adolescente , Antropometria , Pressão Sanguínea/fisiologia , Criança , Estudos de Coortes , Exercício Físico , Comportamento Alimentar , Feminino , Humanos , Estudos Longitudinais , Masculino , Estado Nutricional , Instituições Acadêmicas , Fatores Sexuais , EspanhaRESUMO
Also known as ferroxidase ceruloplasmin, belongs to the family of inflammation-sensitive proteins, and its main function to transport copper in the blood. Although, in addition to this transport function, at present, there are numerous studies that have attempted to use the determination of serum concentrations as a predictive indicator of cardiovascular risk in patients who are overweight or obese. The results of this study confirm the existence of a significant correlation between serum ceruloplasmin and nutritional status of the subjects, which means that for the population of students assessed, serum levels of this protein are an important predictor the risk of cardiovascular disease.