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PURPOSE: The heterogenic characteristics of affected family members (AFMs) of substance misusing relative (SMR) remain understudied. This study examined the occurrence and correlates of AFMs having more than one relative with substance use problems. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A secondary analysis of a cross-sectional study on the characteristics of affected family members in Brazil was performed (N= 3157). Levels of AFM stress, strain, coping and hopefulness were assessed. Factors associated with AFMs having other substance misusing relatives (other-SMRs) were explored using univariate logistic regressions. RESULTS: The occurrence of having other-SMR was reported by 61.6% of the sample (1945/3157). Of this, 47% (904/1945) reported that the other-SMR was a member of the SMR's immediate family (spouse/partner/children/siblings). The likelihood of having other-SMRs was related to the AFM being female, from a low socioeconomic background, between the age of 35-44 years older, being SMR's mother or wife/girlfriend/fiancée, scoring higher on family member impact, psychological and physical symptoms, withdrawal coping and to have an older SMR. CONCLUSION: Information about the characteristics of AFMs is key to understanding how the experience of harm associated with the relative's problem might manifest. Our findings offer information that could be used when developing interventions aimed at reducing the harm experienced by AFMs.

Objetivo: Las características heterogéneas de familiares afectados (FA) de familiares con abuso de sustancias (FAS) han sido objeto de pocos estudios. Este estudio revisó la ocurrencia y los correlatos de FA con uno o más familiares con problemas de abuso de sustancias. Materiales y Métodos: Análisis secundario de un estudio transversal sobre las características de FA en Brasil (N = 3157). Valoramos los niveles de los FA de estrés, presión, afrontamiento y esperanza. Exploramos los factores asociados con los FA que tenían otros familiares con abuso de sustancias (otros-FAS) mediante regresiones logísticas ordinales. Resultados: El 61,6% de la muestra (1945/3157) informó de la ocurrencia de otros-FAS. De estos, el 47% (904/1945) informó que los otros-FAS eran familiares directos del FAS (cónyuge/pareja/hijos/hermanos). La probabilidad de ocurrencia de otros-FAS estaba relacionada con que el FAS fuese mujer, de bajo nivel socioeconómico (NSE), con una edad entre los 35-44 años, fuese la madre o esposa/novia/prometida del FAS, obtuviese una puntuación más alta en impacto familiar, síntomas psicológicos y físicos, evitamiento como mecanismo de afrontamiento, y que tuviese un FAS mayor. Conclusión: Información sobre las características de los FA es clave para entender cómo puede manifestarse la experiencia de daños asociados con el problema del familiar. Nuestros hallazgos aportan datos que pueden ser útiles para desarrollar intervenciones con el objetivo de reducir los daños sufridos por los FA.

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Introdujo: Com o aumento do envelhecimento populacional a nivel mundial, ¡torneadamente em Portugal, tém-se desenvolvido programas de intervengo com idosos que visam a promo

Introduction: Due the growing aging population, namely in Portugal, there are few programs to enhance physical, emotional, and psychological well-being. Aim: To determine the perception of wellbeing, vitality and body awareness in a group of older women. Method: Descriptive qualitative study carried out during a psycho-corporal intervention in group of older women. The intervention consisted on the implementation of a program "Vivo no Corpo", throughout 12 weeks in weekly sessions of 90 minutes at a unit health in the city of Porto. Data for qualitative analysis were collected from the diaries of the participants in the program and were written during the sessions. The sample corresponds to women group, (n= 10) with a mean age of 68.4 years. Results: The participants perceived well-being throughout the program, as well as increased body awareness, which facilitated the cohesión of women throughout the sessions. Conclusions: Applying systematically bioenergetic analysis in group can be a tool and technique of intervention that promotes well-being in older women. Qualitative data were collected from session analysis of diaries. Results highlighted enhance of well-being perception throughout sessions, higher body perception and group cohesión.

Introducción: Con el creciente envejecimiento poblacional mundial, en Portugal, específicamente, se han diseñado programas de intervención en la población mayor, para aumentar su bienestar físico, emocional y psicológico. Objetivo: Determinar la percepción del bienestar, la vitalidad y la conciencia corporal en un grupo de mujeres mayores. Método: Estudio descriptivo-cualitativo en que se realizó una intervención psicocorporal, en un grupo de mujeres mayores. La intervención consistió en la implementación de un programa Vivo no Corpo, durante 12 semanas, en sesiones semanales de 90 minutos, en una unidad de salud de la ciudad de Oporto. Los datos para el análisis cualitativo se recolectaron a partir de los diarios de las participantes, en el programa y fueron escritos durante las sesiones. La muestra corresponde a mujeres (n = 10) con edad media de 68,4 años. Resultados: Las participantes percibieron aumento del bienestar a lo largo del programa, así como aumento de la comprensión de su cuerpo, lo que facilitó la cohesión de las mujeres a lo largo de las sesiones. Conclusiones: El análisis bioenergético aplicado en grupo, de forma sistemática, puede ser una herramienta y una técnica de intervención que promueve el bienestar en las mujeres mayores.

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The Yungas, a system of tropical and subtropical montane forests on the eastern slopes of the Andes, are extremely diverse and severely threatened by anthropogenic pressure and climate change. Previous mycological works focused on macrofungi (e.g. agarics, polypores) and mycorrhizae in Alnus acuminata forests, while fungal diversity in other parts of the Yungas has remained mostly unexplored. We carried out Ion Torrent sequencing of ITS2 rDNA from soil samples taken at 24 sites along the entire latitudinal extent of the Yungas in Argentina. The sampled sites represent the three altitudinal forest types: the piedmont (400-700 m a.s.l.), montane (700-1500 m a.s.l.) and montane cloud (1500-3000 m a.s.l.) forests. The deep sequence data presented here (i.e. 4 108 126 quality-filtered sequences) indicate that fungal community composition correlates most strongly with elevation, with many fungi showing preference for a certain altitudinal forest type. For example, ectomycorrhizal and root endophytic fungi were most diverse in the montane cloud forests, particularly at sites dominated by Alnus acuminata, while the diversity values of various saprobic groups were highest at lower elevations. Despite the strong altitudinal community turnover, fungal diversity was comparable across the different zonal forest types. Besides elevation, soil pH, N, P, and organic matter contents correlated with fungal community structure as well, although most of these variables were co-correlated with elevation. Our data provide an unprecedented insight into the high diversity and spatial distribution of fungi in the Yungas forests.

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Phylogeography in combination with ecological niche modeling (ENM) is a robust tool to analyze hypotheses on range shifts under changing climates particularly of taxa and areas with scant fossil records. We combined phylogeographic analysis and ENM techniques to study the effects of alternate cold and warm (i.e., glacial and interglacial) periods on the subtropical montane cold-tolerant conifer Podocarpus parlatorei from Yungas forests of the central Andes. Twenty-one populations, comprising 208 individuals, were analyzed by sequences of the trnL -trnF cpDNA region, and 78 sites were included in the ENM. Eight haplotypes were detected, most of which were widespread while 3 of them were exclusive of latitudinally marginal areas. Haplotype diversity was mostly even throughout the latitudinal range. Two distribution models based on 8 bioclimatic variables indicate a rather continuous distribution during cooling, while under warming remained within stable, yet increasingly fragmented, areas. Although no major range shifts are expected with warming, long-lasting persistence of cold-hardy taxa inhabiting subtropical mountains may include in situ and ex situ conservation actions particularly toward southern (colder) areas.

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