RESUMO
BACKGROUND: The study of the kidney transplant involves understanding the immunologic basis, such as histocompatibility and the genetic basis of a population. In Mexico, the study of the genetic basis has led to a genetic map by federal entities. METHODS: We performed an HLA study with 1,276 kidney transplant patients (recipients and donors) in the Hospital of the National Medical Center Twenty-First Century, determining HLA class I (A, B, and Cw) and class II (DRß1 and DQß1) antigens with the use of SSOP-PCR. A descriptive analysis was conducted with measures of central tendency (mean, SD). RESULTS: Of 1,276 HLA patients studied, we obtained 2,552 results for each class by the composition of the 2 haplotypes, and for HLA-Cw we processed 796 patients, for a total of 1,592 antigens for this class. We found antigens specific to each federal entity, and it was found that the Federal District had the highest number of specific antigens (10) followed by Morelos (7), Querétaro and Mexico State (3 each), and Tamaulipas, Aguascalientes, Michoacán, Guerrero, Puebla, and Oaxaca (1 each). CONCLUSIONS: The genetic map allows us to know proportions of antigens in every state in the center and south of Mexico owing to the diversity and area of influence of the National Medical Center XXIst Century, as well as the wide number of patients. Furthermore, there are still preserved proportionally distinct genetic roots in every entity.
Assuntos
DNA/genética , Antígenos HLA-C/genética , Hospitais Especializados , Transplante de Rim , Doadores Vivos , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Criança , Feminino , Haplótipos , Humanos , Masculino , México , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Adulto JovemRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The knowledge to understand transplant acceptance or rejection derives directly from knowing its genetic material and the major histocompatibility complex involved in immune response, so it is essential to identify the most common alleles in the Mexican population. METHODS: In the northern areas of the Federal District (DF), Hidalgo, and Mexico State, we performed an analysis of HLA class I (A and B) and HLA class II (DRß1 and DQß1) with the use of the PCR-SSP process (Invitrogen). We performed measures of central tendency and percentages of common alleles in the study population. RESULTS: We analyzed 718 results of patients before renal transplantation: 313 pairs of recipients and living donors and 92 patients receiving cadaveric donation. HLA allele A 02 536 (37.32%) was the most common allele found. In HLA B, the most common allele corresponded to 35, in 321 (22.35%), which was the most polymorphic. In HLA DRß1 the most common was 04, in 447 (31.12%), which was the least polymorphic; the most common was 03, in 777 (54.10%). CONCLUSIONS: We corroborated the frequency of alleles found in the considered population, which corresponds to the northern part of Mexico City as well as the states of Mexico and Hidalgo. It was determined that there is no risk allele for developing chronic kidney disease.