RESUMO
Species that live in degraded habitats often show signs of physiological stress. Glucocorticoid hormones (e.g., corticosterone and cortisol) are often assessed as a proxy of the extent of physiological stress an animal has experienced. Our goal was to quantify glucocorticoids in free-ranging small mammals in fragments of Interior Atlantic Forest. We extracted glucocorticoids from fur samples of 106 small mammals (rodent genera Akodon and Oligoryzomys, and marsupial genera Gracilinanus and Marmosa) from six forest fragments (2-1200 ha) in the Reserva Natural Tapytá, Caazapá Department, Paraguay. To our knowledge, this is the first publication of corticosterone and cortisol levels for three of the four sampled genera (Akodon, Oligoryzomys, and Marmosa) in this forest system. We discovered three notable results. First, as predicted, glucocorticoid levels were higher in individuals living withing small forest fragments. Second, animals captured live using restraint trapping methods (Sherman traps) had higher glucocorticoid levels than those animals captured using kill traps (Victor traps), suggesting that hair glucocorticoid measures can reflect acute stress levels in addition to long-term glucocorticoid incorporation. These acute levels are likely due to urinary steroids diffusing into the hair shaft. This finding raises a concern about the use of certain trapping techniques in association with fur hormone analysis. Finally, as expected, we also detected genus-specific differences in glucocorticoid levels, as well as cortisol/corticosterone ratios.
Assuntos
Pelo Animal/química , Corticosterona/análise , Florestas , Glucocorticoides/análise , Hidrocortisona/análise , Marsupiais/classificação , Roedores/classificação , Animais , Biodiversidade , Feminino , Masculino , Paraguai , Estresse FisiológicoRESUMO
Transmitir la experiencia infrecuente de un caso de taponamiento cardíaco crónico postraumático. Descripción del caso clínico, revisión de la literatura y su comparación con el diagnóstico y tratamiento seguido. Hospital "Pastor Oropeza" del IVSS, Barquisimeto, Estado Lara, Venezuela. El enfoque diagnóstico y terapéutico se ciño a lo descrito en la literatura. La evolución postoperatoria del paciente y su reinserción a la comunidad fueron satisfactorias. El taponamiento cardíaco crónico es infrecuente y de difícil diagnóstico y tratamiento; pero, ante el antecedente de traumatismo y la clínica presente, debe tenerse como una opción diagnóstica. Su manejo debe ser agresivo y el postoperatorio debe realizarse en una unidad de cuidados intensivos vistas las complicaciones potencialmente letales que puede presentar esta entidad nosológica