RESUMO
Background: Effective and safe antiviral treatments are required to refrain the COVID-19. Objectives: Investigate the efficacy and safety of interferon in the treatment of COVID-19. Methods: The inclusion criteria were patients who gave their signed consent, with detection confirmed by RT-PCR of SARS-CoV-2, 18 years and older. Patients received therapy as per the Guinea COVID-19 protocol in the group B; the group A received the same treatment including administration of interferon. The outcome measures the time to negative conversion of SARS-CoV-2, mortality, patients transferred to ICU and safety, according to the reports of adverse events. Results: 345 patients were included, 171 in the group A and 174 in the group B. After the treatments, the RT-PCR negative results were attained in the patients in the group A in 9.15±4.79 days and in those in the group B in 14.83±6.67 days. No patient in the group A had to be transferred to ICU, and they all survived; in the group B, 26 patients were transferred to ICU and six of them died. There were eight adverse events with causality relation with interferon administration. Conclusions: The interferon resulted effective and safe in contributing to the viral replication conversion to negative results in shorter time and to survival.
Assuntos
COVID-19 , Adulto , Humanos , SARS-CoV-2 , Interferons/uso terapêutico , Guiné/epidemiologia , Avaliação de Resultados em Cuidados de Saúde , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
RESUMEN Introducción: Los surfactantes pulmonares junto a otras medidas terapéuticas constituyen un tratamiento de elección en diversas afecciones respiratorias. Objetivo: Demostrar la seguridad del tratamiento con Surfacen® en el síndrome de dificultad respiratoria aguda en niños. Materiales y Métodos: Ensayo clínico fase III multicéntrico, abierto, controlado y aleatorizado con dos grupos de tratamiento. El Grupo A recibió tratamiento convencional de oxigenación y ventilación mecánica combinado con Surfacen® en dosis de 100 mg cada ocho horas durante tres días. El Grupo B recibió tratamiento convencional. Se incluyeron niños entre los 28 días de nacido hasta 18 años de edad, de cualquier sexo, con diagnóstico de síndrome de dificultad respiratoria aguda. Se identificó y cuantificó la aparición de eventos adversos, intensidad, actitud seguida ante su aparición, resultado, relación de causalidad y mortalidad al día 28. Resultados: Se incluyeron 42 niños: 20 en el grupo A y 22 en el grupo B. En el grupo A se reportaron 23 eventos adversos en nueve pacientes y en el grupo B, 97 eventos adversos en 18 pacientes. La hipertensión arterial fue el evento adverso más frecuente. En el grupo A, 73,9% de los eventos adversos se manifestaron con intensidad severa, 86,9 % se mantuvo sin cambios frente al medicamento, 73,9 % tuvo causalidad remota respecto al surfactante. La mortalidad al día 28 fue de 41,5 %; en el grupo A, 20 % y en el grupo B, 62%. Conclusiones: Surfacen® fue bien tolerado y seguro al notificarse un número reducido de eventos adversos relacionados con su administración.
ABSTRACT Introduction: Pulmonary surfactants, together with other therapeutic measures, constitute a treatment of choice for various respiratory conditions. Objective: To demonstrate the safety of the treatment with Surfacen® in acute respiratory distress syndrome in children. Material and Methods: A multicenter, open, controlled, randomized Phase III clinical trial with two treatment groups. Group A received conventional oxygen therapy and mechanical ventilation combined with Surfacen® at a dosage of 100 mg every eight hours for three days. Group B received conventional treatment. Children 28 days of life to 18 years of age, of either sex, with the diagnosis of acute respiratory distress syndrome were included. The occurrence of adverse events, intensity, attitude followed after the appearance, outcome, and relationship between causality and mortality at day 28 were identified and quantified. Results: A total of 42 children were included: twenty children in group A and twenty-two ones in group B. In group A, 23 adverse events were reported in nine patients, while 97 adverse events were reported in 18 patients from group B. Hypertension was the most frequent adverse event. In group A, 73.9 % of adverse events of severe intensity were reported, 86.9 % remained unchanged after the administration of the drug, and 73.9 % had a remote causality with respect to the surfactant. Mortality at day 28 was 41.5 %; 20 % in group A, and 62 % in group B. Conclusions: Surfacen® was safe and well tolerated since a small number of adverse events related to its administration were reported.
Assuntos
Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Lactente , Pré-Escolar , Criança , AdolescenteRESUMO
The synthesis of silver nanoparticles (SNP) from plants is a simple, fast and environmentally safe route. In the present study, the aqueous extract of fresh leaves from Leea coccinea L. was evaluated as a possible source of reducing and stabilizing agents to obtain SNP. The synthesized SNP were characterized by spectroscopic techniques such as UV-visible spectrophotometry and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron and confocal microscopies and the antimicrobial activity against Xanthomonas phaseoli pv. phaseoli was evaluated using agar diffusion methods. The results showed that the evaluated extract was promising for the green synthesis of the SNP, which was visually identified by the formation of a dark-brown complex and the presence of a peak of maximum absorption at 470 nm in a UV-VIS spectrum. FTIR spectrum of SNP showed main characteristic signals of aromatic compounds, carboxylic group among others confirmed by phytochemical screening that made evident the presence of flavonoids, phenols, leucoanthocyanidins, terpenes and steroids groups. Fluorescent SNP with high degree of agglomeration were observed by the microscopical technics used. A promising antibacterial activity of SNP was shown by a zone of microbial growth inhibition. These results suggested the need for going deeper in the physico-chemical characterization and kinetic studies, as well as the biological evaluations to make possible the use of this plant source in the future development of antibacterial formulations for bean seed protection.