RESUMO
OBJECTIVES: Black cumin is widely used as a spice and as a traditional treatment. The active ingredient in black cumin seeds is thymoquinone. Thymoquinone has shown anticancer effects in some cancers. We planned to investigate its anticancer effect on pancreatic cancer cell lines. METHODS: Thymoquinone chemical component in various doses was prepared and inoculated on pancreatic cancer cell culture, healthy mesenchymal stem cells, and peripheral blood mononuclear cell culture. IC50 values were calculated by absorbance data and measuring cell viability by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide staining of cells incubated with thymoquinone at 24, 48, and 72 h. RESULTS: There was dose-related cytotoxicity. Maximal cytotoxicity was observed at 24 h and 100 µM thymoquinone concentrations in pancreatic cancer cell culture and mesenchymal stem cells. Any concentration of thymoquinone was not cytotoxic to peripheral blood mononuclear cell. Thymoquinone even caused proliferation at a concentration of 6.25 µM. CONCLUSIONS: Since the cytotoxic concentration of thymoquinone on pancreatic cancer cell culture and mesenchymal stem cells is the same, it is not appropriate to use thymoquinone to achieve cytotoxicity in pancreatic cancer. However, since thymoquinone provides proliferation in peripheral blood mononuclear cell at a noncytotoxic dose, it may have an immune activator effect. Therefore, in vivo studies are needed to investigate the effect of thymoquinone on the immune system.
Assuntos
Antineoplásicos , Nigella sativa , Neoplasias Pancreáticas , Antineoplásicos/uso terapêutico , Benzoquinonas/farmacologia , Benzoquinonas/uso terapêutico , Brometos/uso terapêutico , Humanos , Leucócitos Mononucleares/metabolismo , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias PancreáticasRESUMO
SUMMARY OBJECTIVES: Black cumin is widely used as a spice and as a traditional treatment. The active ingredient in black cumin seeds is thymoquinone. Thymoquinone has shown anticancer effects in some cancers. We planned to investigate its anticancer effect on pancreatic cancer cell lines. METHODS: Thymoquinone chemical component in various doses was prepared and inoculated on pancreatic cancer cell culture, healthy mesenchymal stem cells, and peripheral blood mononuclear cell culture. IC50 values were calculated by absorbance data and measuring cell viability by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide staining of cells incubated with thymoquinone at 24, 48, and 72 h. RESULTS: There was dose-related cytotoxicity. Maximal cytotoxicity was observed at 24 h and 100 μM thymoquinone concentrations in pancreatic cancer cell culture and mesenchymal stem cells. Any concentration of thymoquinone was not cytotoxic to peripheral blood mononuclear cell. Thymoquinone even caused proliferation at a concentration of 6.25 μM. CONCLUSIONS: Since the cytotoxic concentration of thymoquinone on pancreatic cancer cell culture and mesenchymal stem cells is the same, it is not appropriate to use thymoquinone to achieve cytotoxicity in pancreatic cancer. However, since thymoquinone provides proliferation in peripheral blood mononuclear cell at a noncytotoxic dose, it may have an immune activator effect. Therefore, in vivo studies are needed to investigate the effect of thymoquinone on the immune system.
RESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Kaposi sarcoma (KS) is a mesenchymal tumor originating from lymphatic endothelial cells. Immunosuppressive patients have higher risk for KS. HHV-8 has a role in immunopathogenesis of KS. Aim Evaluation of demographical properties with tumor characteristics and treatment modalities of KS. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Histopathologically documented KS patients were evaluated retrospectively. Anti-HIV seroprevalence was also evaluated with patient and tumor characteristics besides treatment regimens. RESULTS: Fifty-one patients were included between September 1998 and February 2009. Male/female ratio was 3.25 (39/12). Median age was 68 (31-94). Lower extremity was the most common site whereas excisional biopsy was the most common diagnostic procedure. Smoking rate was 42.8%. Twenty percent had family history for cancer. Anti- HIV seropositivity rate was 1.9%. Thirty eight percent had local monotherapy, and radiotherapy was most common (26%). Multidisciplinary approach rate was 44%. Most of them had surgery and radiotherapy combination. Two-third of the patients had radiotherapy alone or with other modalities. Rates were as 12% for chemotherapy and 6% for interferon. Vincristine-bleomycin-doxorubicin combination was the most preferred regimen (60%). CONCLUSION: Male patients in the sixth decade seem to have higher risk for KS. Smoking rate was almost as high. Local therapy might be sufficient in most of the patients. However, we may also consider systemic chemotherapy for selected patients, including vincristine, bleomycin and doxorubicin.