RESUMO
INTRODUCCIÓN: el sedentarismo es uno de los factores causales de la obesidad. Los niños deben realizar 60 minutos diarios de actividad física moderada o intensa. OBJETIVO: medir la actividad física de preescolares. MÉTODO: en círculos infantiles de La Habana se midió la actividad física en dos días de semana y uno de fin de semana de 40 niños normopeso de 4-6 años de edad mediante acelerometría con sensores TriTrac R3D y registro de la frecuencia cardiaca con cardiofrecuencímetros Polar. Los registros de 11-14 horas diarias de vigilia, fueron ponderados para una semana y clasificados por calibración para cada niño. RESULTADOS: los preescolares de la ciudad emplearon el 70 % de su tiempo de vigilia en actividades sedentarias, fueron 1,2-2 veces más sedentarios que niños rurales o de pueblo y apenas cumplieron la tercera parte de la recomendación diaria; no se observaron diferencias entre niñas y niños. Los resultados coincidieron con los de estudios isotópicos anteriores y con los de niños de países industrializados. CONCLUSIÓN: el sobrepeso corporal de los preescolares cubanos está en relación con la inactividad física y requiere de acciones sociales y de salud integradas a nivel comunitario.
INTRODUCTION: a sedentary lifestyle is one of the causal factors of obesity. Children should have at least 60 minutes of moderate to intense physical activity per day. OBJECTIVE: measure the physical activity of preschoolers. METHOD: the physical activity of 40 children with normal weight aged 4-6 years was measured in day care centers of Havana on two week days and one weekend day, using accelerometry with TriTrac-R3D sensors and heart rate monitoring with Polar heart rate meters. Daily records for 11-14 waking hours were estimated on a weekly basis and ranked by calibration for each child. Results: urban preschoolers spent 70% of their waking time in sedentary activities. They were 1.2-2 times more sedentary than rural or small town children, and barely fulfilled one third of the recommended daily physical activity. No differences were found between boys and girls. RESULTS coincided with previous studies on the subject and with studies about children from industrialized countries. CONCLUSION: overweight among Cuban preschoolers is related to physical inactivity and requires the performance of social and health promotion actions in the community.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pré-Escolar , Criança , Comportamento Sedentário , Obesidade Infantil/prevenção & controle , Obesidade Infantil/epidemiologia , Atividade MotoraRESUMO
The emergence and worldwide spreading of Plasmodium falciparum strains that shown to be resistant to traditional drugs is considered a very serious health problem, given the high mortality and morbidity rate of Malaria. In the search for new drugs against this parasite, Hb hydrolyzing enzymes, such as Plasmepsin II (Plm II), have been classified as very promising targets for therapeutic attacks. In this work, it is developed a cheap and high-throughput heterogeneous enzymatic assay for measuring Plasmepsin II activity in order to use it as a tool in the discovery of new inhibitors of this enzyme. In this assay, Plasmepsin II acts upon a solid-phase bound synthetic peptide (DU2) whose sequence comprises the cleavage site F(33)-L(34) present in Hb alpha-chain. The peptide surface density is quantified by means of a classical ELISA-based procedure. In order to estimate the kinetic constants of the system and to quantify both, enzymatic and inhibitory activity, it was used a model for the kinetics of enzyme quasi-saturable systems previously developed by our group, that fitted very well to the experimental data. It was used Pepstatin as a model inhibitor of Plasmepsin II and the resulting dose-response relation agreed with the expected behavior for the Pepstatin-Plasmepsin II pair under the employed experimental conditions.