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Resumo Compreender a relação entre ansiedade-estado pré-competitiva e desempenho esportivo se constitui em importante meio para ajudar os esportistas a diagnosticar e controlar emoções. O presente estudo pretendeu: a) comparar o nível de ansiedade pré-competitiva entre atletas homens e mulheres, das equipes finalistas da Taça Paraná de Voleibol 2011; b) comparar os níveis de ansiedade pré-competitiva entre as equipes campeã e vice-campeã masculina, bem como entre as equipes campeã e vice-campeã feminina; c) comparar os níveis de ansiedade pré-competitiva dos atletas titulares e reservas, para as equipes de ambos os sexos; d) verificar a relação entre os níveis de ansiedade pré-competitiva e o tempo de prática dos atletas das equipes masculinas, bem como das equipes femininas. Participaram do estudo quatro equipes infanto-juvenis, finalistas da Taça Paraná 2011, totalizando 24 atletas do sexo feminino e 23 do sexo masculino (idade 16,16 ± 0,34 anos) e tempo de prática (4,97 ± 1,99 anos). Para avaliar a ansiedade pré-competitiva, utilizou-se o instrumento CSAI-2. As coletas ocorreram 30 minutos antes do início dos jogos finais. De forma geral, as equipes finalistas apresentaram níveis de ansiedade geral pré-competitiva similares, embora tenham sido encontradas diferenças significativas entre atletas mulheres titulares e reservas em relação à autoconfiança, sendo que as titulares apresentaram médias mais elevadas neste aspecto.(AU)

Abstract Understanding the relationship between pre-competitive state anxiety and sports performance are an important means to help sportsmen to diagnose and manage emotions. The present study aimed to: a) compare the level of pre-competitive anxiety among athletes men and women, the finalist teams of Paraná Cup Volleyball 2011; b) to compare the levels of pre-competitive anxiety among male champion teams and runners-up, as well as between female champion teams and runners-up; c) compare the levels of pre-competitive anxiety and reserves holders athletes for teams of both sexes; d) verify the relationship between the levels of pre-competitive anxiety and practice time for athletes of men's teams and the women's teams. Study participants were four youth teams, Paraná Cup finalists in 2011, totaling 24 female athletes and 23 male athletes (age 16.16 ± overall 0.34 years) and practice time 4.97 ± 1.99 years . To evaluate the pre-competitive anxiety, used the instrument CSAI-2. Sample occurred 30 minutes before the start of finals games. In general, the finalist teams had higher levels of general pre-competitive anxiety similar, although statistically significant differences between women athletes holders and reserves have been found in relation to the self-confidence, and the holders had higher average in this aspect.(AU)

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RESUMOIntrodução:A cafeína é atualmente a substância mais consumida no mundo, e associada ao exercício físico, vem trazendo importantes ganhos no desempenho.Objetivo:Investigar efeitos bioquímicos da suple-mentação aguda de cafeína após um exercício de endurance em ratos Wistar.Métodos:Foram utilizados 27 ratos Wistar machos, pesando 357 ± 73 g, distribuídos de forma aleatória em três grupos: 1) Controle (sem suplementação e exercício); 2) Salina (salina + exercício); 3) Cafeína (6 mg/Kg de cafeína + exercício). As suple-mentações foram administradas com antecedência de 50 minutos da natação com duração de 60 minutos. Logo após a natação, os animais foram sacrificados para coleta de sangue e biópsia de tecido hepático e muscular. Foram analisados os níveis de glicose sanguínea, triglicerídeos, lactato sérico e concentrações de glicogênio hepático e muscular. Todos os resultados foram representados como média ± EPM. Para a análise estatística foi usado o teste ANOVA one way, sendo considerada diferença estatística somente para P<0,05.Resultados:O glicogênio muscular e o lactato não diferiram entre os grupos. A cafeína preservou os níveis de glicose sanguínea e glicogênio hepático (P<0,05). A cafeína elevou os níveis de glicerol plasmático em 31,2% (P<0,05) quando comparado ao grupo exercitado sem suplementação.Conclusão:O estudo reporta que o uso da cafeína pré-exercício promove alterações bioquímicas que podem melhorar a eficiência metabólica durante o exercício de endurance.

ABSTRACTIntroduction:Caffeine is presently the most consumed substance in the world and, associated with physical exercise, brings important achievements in performance.Objective:To investigate the biochemical effects of acute caffeine supplementation after endurance exercise in Wistar rats.Methods:Twenty-seven male Wistar rats have been used, weighing 357 ± 73 g, randomly distributed in three groups: 1) Control (without supplementa-tion and exercise), 2) Saline (saline+ exercise), 3) Caffeine (6 mg/kg caffeine + exercise). Supplements have been administered 50 minutes before the 60-minute swimming test. Immediately after swimming, the animals have been sacrificed for blood sampling and biopsy of liver and muscle tissue. The levels of blood glucose, triglycerides, serum lactate and concentrations of glycogen in liver and muscle have been analyzed. All results were expressed as mean ± SEM. The statistical analysis used was the ANOVA one way test, being considered statistically signi-ficant only P<0.05.Results:Muscle glycogen and lactate did not differ between groups. Caffeine has preserved the levels of blood glucose and liver glycogen (P<0.05). Caffeine has elevated the levels of plasma glycerol in 31.2% (P<0.05), when compared to the group exercised without supplementation.Conclusion:The study reports that the use of pre-exercise caffeine promotes biochemical alterations that can improve metabolic efficiency during the endurance exercise.

RESUMENIntroducción:La cafeína es actualmente la sustancia de mayor consumo en el mundo, y combinado con el ejercicio físico, ha traído beneficios importantes en el rendimiento durante el ejercicio.Objetivo:Investigar los efec-tos bioquímicos da la suplementación aguda de cafeína después de un ejercicio de endurance en ratones Wistar.Métodos:Fueron utilizados 27 ratones Wistar machos, con 357 ± 73 g de peso corporal, distribuidos de forma alea-toria en tres grupos: 1) Control (sin suplementación y ejercicio); 2) Salina (salina + ejercicio); 3) Cafeína (6 mg/Kg de cafeína + ejercicio). Las suplementaciones les fueran administradas 50 minutos antes de la natación con duración de 60 minutos. Después de la natación, los animales fueron sacrificados para la extracción de sangre y biopsia de tejido hepático y muscular. Fueron analizados los niveles de glucosa sanguínea, triglicéridos, lactato sérico y concentraciones de glucógeno hepático y muscular. Todos los resultados fueron representados como media ± EPM. Para la análisis estadística se aplicó la prueba ANOVA one way, siendo considerada diferencia estadística sólo para P<0,05.Resultados:Lo glucógeno muscular y el lactato no difirieron entre los grupos. La cafeína preservo los niveles de glucosa sanguínea y glucógeno hepático (P<0,05). La cafeína elevo los niveles de glicerol plasmático en 31,2% (P<0,05) en comparación con el grupo ejercitado sin suplementación.Conclusión:El estudio reporta que el uso de la cafeína antes del ejercicio promueve alteraciones bioquímicas que pueden mejorar la eficiencia metabólica durante el ejercicio de endurance.

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Adiponectin is an adipokine inversely correlated with obesity, which has beneficial effect on insulin resistance and lipid metabolism. Considering its potential as a therapeutic target in the metabolic disorder contexts, and in order to add knowledge in the area, our study evaluated the ADIPOQ 276G > T polymorphism effect on adiponectin levels, and on lipoproteins of clinical interest in a population sample composed of 211 healthy individuals. Significant effects were observed only among men: the carriers of heterozygous genotype (GT) showed high levels of adiponectin (p = 0.018), while the rare homozygous genotype (TT) gave its carriers a negative phenotype, represented by higher levels of low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (p = 0.004 and p = 0.005) and total cholesterol (TC) (p = 0.010 and p = 0.005) compared to carriers of other genotypes (GG and GT respectively), the independent effect of SNP on LDL-C and TC levels was confirmed by multiple regression analysis (p = 0.008 and p = 0.044). We found no evidence of correlation between circulating adiponectin levels and biochemical markers, which suggests, therefore, an SNP 276G > T independent effect on adiponectin levels and on lipoprotein metabolism in men enrolled in this study.

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Introdução: Fibromialgia é uma condição que envolve dor crônica generalizada. Além disso, mulheres de meia idade com fibromialgia apresentam alterações no padrão de marcha, expondo-se prematuramente a um padrão de marcha semelhante ao encontrado na população idosa. Objetivo: Determinar os parâmetros espaciais (linear e angular) da marcha de mulheres com fibromialgia e compará-los com idosas sem essa condição. Métodos: 25 mulheres (10 no grupo com fibromialgia e 15 no grupo de idosas) se qualificaram como voluntárias para participar do estudo. A análise cinemática foi realizada por meio de um sistema optoeletrônico, e as variáveis lineares e angulares foram determinadas. Resultados: Ambos os grupos apresentaram similaridades na velocidade da marcha, tamanho da passada, cadência e amplitude de movimento do quadril, joelho e tornozelo (p > 0,05), exceto para a rotação da pelve, na qual o grupo com fibromialgia apresentou maior rotação de quadril (p < 0,05) quando comparado ao grupo de idosas. Além disso, houve correlação negativa no grupo com fibromialgia entre rotação do quadril e dor no glúteo (r = -0,69; p < 0,05), e entre obliquidade da pelve e dor na região do trocanter maior (r = -0,69; p < 0,05). Conclusão: Mulheres de meia idade com fibromialgia apresentaram um padrão de marcha similar ao de idosas, o qual é caracterizado por amplitude de movimento, tamanho da passada e velocidade da marcha reduzidos. .

Background: Fibromyalgia is a condition which involves chronic pain. Middle-aged individuals with fibromyalgia seem to exhibit changes in gait pattern, which may prematurely expose them to a gait pattern which resembles that found in the elderly population. Objective: To determine the 3 D spatial (linear and angular) gait parameters of middle-aged women with fibromyalgia and compare to elderly women without this condition. Methods: 25 women (10 in the fibromyalgia group and 15 in the elderly group) volunteered to participate in the study. Kinematics was performed using an optoelectronic system, and linear and angular kinematic variables were determined. Results: There was no difference in walking speed, stride length, cadence, hip, knee and ankle joints range of motion between groups, except the pelvic rotation, in which the fibromyalgia group showed greater rotation (P < 0.05) compared to the elderly group. Also, there was a negative correlation with pelvic rotation and gluteus pain (r = - 0.69; P < 0.05), and between pelvic obliquity and greater trochanter pain (r = - 0.69; P < 0.05) in the fibromyalgia group. Conclusion: Middle-aged women with fibromyalgia showed gait pattern resemblances to elderly, women, which is characterized by reduced lower limb ROM, stride length and walking speed. .

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In this study, we investigated the influence of two SNPs (rs846910 and rs12086634) of the HSD11B1 gene that encodes 11ß-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1(11ß-HSD1), the enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of cortisol to cortisone, on variables associated with obesity and metabolic syndrome in 215 individuals of both sexes from southern Brazil. The HSD11B1 gene variants were genotyped using the TaqMan SNP genotyping assay. Glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol were measured by standard automated methods. Significant results were found in women, with carriers of the G allele of SNP rs12086634 having higher glucose levels than non-carriers. Carriers of the A allele of SNP rs846910 had higher levels of HDL-cholesterol. The involvement of both polymorphisms as independent factors in determining the levels of glucose and HDL-cholesterol was confirmed by multiple regression analysis (ß = 0.19 ±0.09, p = 0.03 and ß= 0.22 ± 0.10, p = 0.03, respectively). Our findings suggest that the HSD11B1SNPs studied may indirectly influence glucose and HDL-cholesterol metabolism in women, possibly through down-regulation of the HSD11B1 gene by estrogen.

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Objetivo Este estudo teve como objetivo verificar o tabagismo, consumo alcoólico e tempo de sono associados aos fatores sociodemográficos em trabalhadores fisicamente ativos do Paraná. Metodologia Participaram 907 indivíduos (71 % homens e 29 % mulheres) que responderam o Questionário Avaliação da Qualidade de Vida e Saúde (QVS-80). Os participantes ativos corresponderam a 389 trabalhadores. Foi aplicado teste quiquadrado, quiquadrado (tendência linear) e exato de Fisher considerando p<0,05. Resultados A prevalência de atividade física (AF) foi maior entre homens (49 %) que em mulheres (26 %) (p<0,01). Mulheres jovens (p<0,01) com maior escolaridade (p<0,01) apresentaram maior tendência a AF. Tabagismo ocorreu em 15 % dos trabalhadores ativos, nos homens associado à idade (p<0,05) e nível de instrução (p<0,01). Relatou-se consumo alcoólico inadequado em 8 % dos homens ativose 3 % das mulheres (p<0,05). Tempo de sono não adequado foi associado à idade (p<0,01) em ambos os gêneros, e renda familiar (p<0,05) em mulheres. Conclusão Trabalhadores que praticam AF apresentam menor consumo de tabaco e álcool se comparados a resultados publicados com trabalhadores e populações inativas.(AU)

Objective This study was aimed at verifying smoking, alcohol consumption and sleep time associated with sociodemographic factors in physically active industrial workers in the state of Paraná in Brazil. Methods Nine hundred and seven subjects volunteered (71% men and 29% women) to answer a questionnaire aimed at assessing their quality of life and health (QVS-80). The volunteers included 389 physically active workers. The Chi-square test and Chi-square test for linear trend were used for analyzing the data so collected (p<0.05). Results Physical activity (PA) prevalence was higher amongst men (49%) compared to women (22%) (p<0.01). Younger women (p<0.01) having a higher educational level (p<0.01) trended to engage in PA (p<0.01). Smoking was identified in 15% of the active workers; this was associated with age (p<0.05) and educational level (p<0.01) in male workers. Alcohol abuse was present in 8% of men and 3% of women (p<0.05). Inadequate sleep time was associated with increased age (p<0.01) in both genders and lower family income (p<0.05) in women. Conclusion Physically active workers had lower tobacco and alcohol consumption compared to physically inactive workers in previous studies.(AU)

Objetivo Este estudio tuvo como objetivo verificar tabaquismo, consumo de alcohol y tiempo de sueño asociada con factores sociodemográficos en los trabajadores de Paraná, físicamente activos. Métodos Los participantes fueron 907 personas (71% hombres, 29% mujeres) que respondieron al Cuestionario de Evaluación de la Calidad de Vida y Salud (QVS-80). Los participantes activos representaron 389 trabajadores. Se utilizaron Chi-cuadrado, chi-cuadrado para tendencia lineal y la prueba exacta de Fisher, considerando p<0,05. Resultados La prevalencia de actividad física (AF) fue mayor entre los hombres (49%) que las mujeres (26%) (p<0,01). Las mujeres jóvenes (p<0,01) con educación superior (p<0,01) fueron más propensos a la fibrilación auricular. Fumaban el 15% de los trabajadores activos, hombres, lo que se relacionó con la edad (p<0,05) y el nivel educativo (p<0,01). Se presentó abuso en el consumo de alcohol en el 8% de los hombres activos y 3% de las mujeres (p<0,05). El tiempo inadecuado de sueño se asoció con el incremento de la edad (p<0,01) en ambos sexos, y con el ingreso familiar bajo (p<0,05) en las mujeres. Conclusiones Los trabajadores que practican AF tienen un menor consumo de tabaco y alcohol en comparación con los resultados de estudios previos en trabajadores inactivos.(AU)

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OBJECTIVE: This study was aimed at verifying smoking, alcohol consumption and sleep time associated with sociodemographic factors in physically active industrial workers in the state of Paraná in Brazil. METHODS: Nine hundred and seven subjects volunteered (71% men and 29% women) to answer a questionnaire aimed at assessing their quality of life and health (QVS-80). The volunteers included 389 physically active workers. The Chi-square test and Chi-square test for linear trend were used for analyzing the data so collected (p<0.05). RESULTS: Physical activity (PA) prevalence was higher amongst men (49%) compared to women (22%) (p<0.01). Younger women (p<0.01) having a higher educational level (p<0.01) trended to engage in PA (p<0.01). Smoking was identified in 15% of the active workers; this was associated with age (p<0.05) and educational level (p<0.01) in male workers. Alcohol abuse was present in 8% of men and 3% of women (p<0.05). Inadequate sleep time was associated with increased age (p<0.01) in both genders and lower family income (p<0.05) in women. CONCLUSION: Physically active workers had lower tobacco and alcohol consumption compared to physically inactive workers in previous studies.

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BACKGROUND: Fibromyalgia is a condition which involves chronic pain. Middle-aged individuals with fibromyalgia seem to exhibit changes in gait pattern, which may prematurely expose them to a gait pattern which resembles that found in the elderly population. OBJECTIVE: To determine the 3D spatial (linear and angular) gait parameters of middle-aged women with fibromyalgia and compare to elderly women without this condition. METHODS: 25 women (10 in the fibromyalgia group and 15 in the elderly group) volunteered to participate in the study. Kinematics was performed using an optoelectronic system, and linear and angular kinematic variables were determined. RESULTS: There was no difference in walking speed, stride length, cadence, hip, knee and ankle joints range of motion between groups, except the pelvic rotation, in which the fibromyalgia group showed greater rotation (P<0.05) compared to the elderly group. Also, there was a negative correlation with pelvic rotation and gluteus pain (r = -0.69; P<0.05), and between pelvic obliquity and greater trochanter pain (r = -0.69; P<0.05) in the fibromyalgia group. CONCLUSION: Middle-aged women with fibromyalgia showed gait pattern resemblances to elderly, women, which is characterized by reduced lower limb ROM, stride length and walking speed.

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Polymorphisms of butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) have been reported to be associated to weight, BMI variance and hypertriglyceridemia in adults and adolescents. The aim of the present study was to investigate the association of -116A (SNP: G/A; rs1126680) and 1914G (SNP: A/G; rs3495) variants of BCHE gene with anthropometric and biochemical variables associated with obesity in population sample of 115 individuals, from Southern Brazil. Participants were grouped in two categories: obese (BMI≥30) and non-obese (BMI<30). The 1914G allele showed significantly higher frequency in the obese group, and carriers of 1914G allele showed lower mean BChE activity when compared to 1914A carriers (p=0.006). Higher means of BMI (p=0.02) and triglyceride (TG; p=0.01) were found in 1914G carriers (BMI=27.57 kg/m(2); TG=150.8 mg/dL) when compared to 1914A homozygotes (BMI=25.55 kg/m(2); TG=107.9 mg/dL). Carriers of the -116A allele showed lower mean BChE activity than usual homozygotes, and the -116A variant was found in cis with 1914G (p<0.0001; D'=1). The region of BCHE gene that contains the 1914G mutation site is target of microRNAs (miRs) and the response of BChE to glucocorticoids is especially influenced by these miRs. Therefore, it is possible that the 1914G allele can be interfering in gluconeogenesis, hyperglycemia, lipolysis and body fat distribution. This lower activity may cause an imbalance in lipid metabolism, which may lead to an increased predisposition to obesity and to a lower ability to maintain metabolic homeostasis.

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