RESUMO

Fungal laccases are promising for biotechnological applications, including bioremediation and dye biotransformation, due to their high redox potential and broad substrate specificity. However, current bioprospecting methods for identifying laccase-producing fungi can be challenging and time-consuming. For early detection, it was developed a three-step, multi-criteria weighting system that evaluates fungal strains based on: First, the biotransformation capacity of three dyes (i.e., Congo red, brilliant blue G-250, and malachite green), at three different pH values, and with a relative weighting supported for the redox potential of each colorant. The relative decolorization coefficient (RDC), used as th2e first classification criterion, expressed their potential performance. Second, under the same conditions, laccase activity was estimated by observing the different degrees of oxidation of a given substrate. The selection criterion was the relative oxidation coefficient (ROC). Finally, laccase activity was quantified in submerged fermentations using three inducers (i.e., loofah sponge, Tween 80, and veratyl alcohol). This multicriteria screening strategy evaluated sixteen isolated endophytic fungal strains from Otoba gracilipes. The system identified Beltraniopsis sp. ET-17 (at pH values of 5.00 and 5.50) as a promising strain for dye biotransformation, and Phlebia floridensis as the best laccase producer, achieving a high activity of 116 µmol min-1 L-1 with loofah sponge as an inducer. In-vitro testing confirmed the efficacy of P. floridensis, with 53.61 % decolorization of a dye mixture (brilliant blue-Congo red. ratio 1:1) after 15 days of incubation. Thus, with the proposed screening strategy it was possible to highlight two species of interest at an early bioprospecting stage on a Colombian native tree poorly explored.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Global pork production has an annual growth of approximately 2.1%, and its economic and environmental impact are related with the treatment of waste in the production chain. There is little evidence of research advances to generate alternatives for using these wastes. The lack of research related to microalgae cultivation using digestate produced by porcine residues generates negative environmental impact, inadequate and inefficient technologies, low recovery and use of waste and loss of value and competitiveness in the market. The available literature focuses mainly on the treatment of anaerobic digestion liquid effluents for the removal of components, but not on the generation of value-added products. Therefore, there is a need to collect the available information, analyze it and propose other new methodologies. This article presents the information obtained from conducting a systematic review of the literature with a bibliometric and a comparative analysis; achieving an analysis of the temporal and geographical distribution, the main topics, the most influential players, the degree of maturity of the research and different strategies collected for microalgae-based swine manure digestate treatment. In this way, it was possible to capture an overview of the current state of the development of research focused on the use of digestate for the cultivation of microalgae, visualizing important aspects as the evolution of publications, identifying China and USA as the main players in research, biomass and wastewater as potential topics also Spirulina, Astaxanthin and beta-carotene as the main products based on microalgae. Thus, achieving an structure, organized and synthesized landscape of scientific and technological knowledge available for the proposal of investigations that allow the use of anaerobic digestion liquid effluents as cultivation medium for microalgae.

RESUMO

Microalgae provides an alternative for the valorization of industrial by-products, in which the nutritional content varies substantially and directly affects microalgae system performance. Herein, the heterotrophic cultivation of Chlorella sorokiniana was systematically studied, allowing us to detect a nutritional deficiency other than the carbon source through assessing the oxygen transfer rate for glucose or acetate fermentation. Consequently, a mathematical model of the iron co-limiting effect on heterotrophic microalgae was developed by exploring its ability to regulate the specific growth rate and yield. For instance, higher values of the specific growth rate (0.17 h-1) compared with those reported for the heterotrophic culture of Chlorella were obtained due to iron supplementation. Therefore, anaerobic sludge from an industrial wastewater treatment plant (a baker's yeast company) was pretreated to obtain an extract as a media supplement for C. sorokiniana. According to the proposed model, the sludge extract allowed us to supplement iron values close to the growth activation concentration (KFe ~12 mg L-1). Therefore, a fed-batch strategy was evaluated on nitrogen-deprived cultures supplemented with the sludge extract to promote biomass formation and fatty acid synthesis. Our findings reveal that nitrogen and iron in sludge extract can supplement heterotrophic cultures of Chlorella and provide an alternative for the valorization of industrial anaerobic sludge.

RESUMO

Endocrine disruptors (EDs) are defined as environmental pollutants capable of interfering with the functioning of the hormonal system. They are environmentally distributed as synthetic fertilizers, electronic waste, and several food additives that are part of the food chain. They can be considered as obesogenic compounds since they have the capacity to influence cellular events related to adipose tissue, altering lipid metabolism and adipogenesis processes. This review will present the latest scientific evidence of different EDs such as persistent organic pollutants (POPs), heavy metals, "nonpersistent" phenolic compounds, triclosan, polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), and smoke-derived compounds (benzo -alpha-pyrene) and their influence on the differentiation processes towards adipocytes in both in vitro and in vivo models.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Sacrococcygeal teratoma is the most common neonatal tumor. In a large number of cases, fetuses are born at term and the teratoma can be resected without complications. However, in another group, prematurity, hydrops and cardiac failure do not allow pregnancy interruption without consequences for the fetus. Here is where fetal surgery has a place. We conducted a search of the literature related to sacrococcygeal teratoma and case reports where surgery was performed, including those with details on the patient's preparation, surgery, and the postoperative period. The average gestational age of presentation in ultrasound is 23 weeks. There is more literature on open surgery, and the main indication is hydrops or imminent cardiac failure. The reported cases with minimally invasive therapy are the least, with controversial results. Sacrococcygeal teratoma in the newborn is an entity with very good prognosis depending on the case, time of diagnosis, type of tumor, and malignancy potential. However, those of prenatal diagnosis are at high risk of complications and death. There are several reports of open surgery and EXIT procedure (special delivery technique where the sacrococcygeal teratoma is exposed through a limited incision in the uterus) with good surgical results but with high maternal and fetal comorbidity. Therefore, minimally invasive techniques have emerged to reduce the potential risks of open surgery; nevertheless, there are contradictory results.

El teratoma sacrococcígeo es el tumor neonatal más común. En un gran número de los casos los fetos llegan al término y pueden ser resecados sin complicaciones. Sin embargo, en otro grupo de pacientes, su prematuridad, el hidrops y la falla cardiaca no permiten interrumpir el embarazo sin consecuencias para el feto. Aquí es donde la cirugía fetal tiene cabida. Se realizó una búsqueda de la literatura relacionada al teratoma sacrococcígeo y reportes de casos donde se practicó cirugía. Se incluyeron también aquellos en donde se detallaba la preparación de la paciente, el transoperatorio y postoperatorio. La edad gestacional de la presentación usualmente fue durante la ecografía estructural, con una media de las 23 semanas. Se encuentra más literatura acerca de cirugías abiertas y la principal indicación es el hidrops y/o la falla cardiaca inminente. Los casos reportados realizados con mínima invasión son los menos, con resultados controversiales. El teratoma sacrococcígeo en el recién nacido es una entidad con muy buen pronóstico dependiendo del caso, tiempo del diagnóstico, tipo del tumor y potencial de malignidad del mismo. Sin embargo, el diagnosticado prenatalmente, cursa con alto riesgo de complicaciones y muerte. Hay varios casos reportados de cirugía abierta y procedimiento EXIT (técnica especial en la que el tumor es expuesto a través de una pequeña incisión) con buenos resultados quirúrgicos, pero con alta comorbilidad materna y fetal. Por ende, han surgido técnicas mínimamente invasivas para disminuir los riesgos potenciales de la cirugía abierta; a pesar de esto hay resultados contradictorios.

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To compare differences in blood pressure levels between patients with severe post-partum pre-eclampsia using ibuprofen or acetaminophen. METHODS: A randomized controlled trial was made in women with severe pre-eclampsia or superimposed pre-eclampsia after vaginal birth. The patient was randomly selected to receive either 400 mg of ibuprofen every 8 h or 1 g of acetaminophen every 6 h during the post-partum. The primary variable was systolic hypertension ≥150 mmHg and/or diastolic hypertension ≥100 mmHg after the first 24 h post-partum. Secondary variables were the arterial blood pressure readings at 24, 48, 72, and 96 h post-partum and maternal complications. RESULTS: A total of 113 patients were studied: 56 in the acetaminophen group and 57 in the ibuprofen group. With regard to the primary outcome, more cases were significantly hypertensive in the ibuprofen group (36/57; 63.1%) than in the acetaminophen group (16/56; 28.6%). Severe hypertension (≥160/110 mmHg) was not significantly different between the groups, 14.5% (acetaminophen) and 24.5% (ibuprofen). The levels of arterial blood pressure show a hammock-shaped curve independent of the drug used, however, is more noticeable with ibuprofen. CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that ibuprofen significantly elevates blood pressure in women with severe pre-eclampsia during the post-partum period.

Assuntos