RESUMO
AIM: To assess the psychometric properties of the Cultural Capacity Scale Spanish version in Chilean nursing students. BACKGROUND: The increased diversity in healthcare facilities and the current shortage of local nursing workforce in Chile present a significant challenge to the nursing education to train future competent local nurses. To facilitate cultural competence development among Chilean nursing students, it is necessary to regularly assess their cultural competence, which necessitates a culturally adapted valid and reliable tool. METHODS: A convenience sample of 502 Chilean nursing students was surveyed in this cross-sectional study using the culturally adapted scale. Reliability of the instrument was established by internal consistency and stability reliability, while validity was established by content and construct. RESULTS: The Cronbach's α value of the entire scale was 0.95, and the test-retest reliability was 0.85. The Corrected Item-Total Correlations ranged from 0.45 to 0.78. The tool manifested an excellent content and construct validity. The exploratory factor analysis confirmed a single factor of the scale. DISCUSSION: The tool demonstrated evidence of internal consistency, stability reliability, content validity and construct validity. The study provided cross-cultural evidence for the potential application of this scale in Chile and other Spanish-speaking countries. CONCLUSION: The Cultural Capacity Scale Spanish version demonstrated sound psychometric properties for assessing the cultural competence of Chilean nursing students. LIMITATIONS: The sample was restricted to one university, and the tool was only used in Chilean nursing students. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING POLICY: The establishment of the Spanish version of the tool will facilitate accurate and timely monitoring of the cultural competence among Chilean nursing students and other Spanish-speaking nursing students and nurses, which can inform the creation of nursing policies aimed at ensuring cultural competence development.
Assuntos
Competência Cultural/educação , Assistência à Saúde Culturalmente Competente/normas , Estudantes de Enfermagem/estatística & dados numéricos , Inquéritos e Questionários/normas , Chile , Estudos Transversais , Análise Fatorial , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Psicometria , Reprodutibilidade dos TestesRESUMO
We report the observation of photoconduction and a strong nonlinear optical absorptive response exhibited by multi-wall carbon nanotubes. An aerosol pyrolysis method was employed for the preparation of the samples. Measurements of the optical transmittance with 7 ns pulses at 1064 nm wavelength allowed us to identify a two-photon absorption effect as the main mechanism of third-order nonlinearity. Photoconductive experiments at 445 nm wavelength seem to confirm the possibility for generating non-resonant multi-photonic absorption processes in the multi-wall carbon nanotubes. By the optical control of the conductivity in the nanotubes, we implement an optoelectronic amplitude modulator device with potential applications for sharp selective functionalities.
Assuntos
Eletrodos , Nanotubos de Carbono/química , Nanotubos de Carbono/efeitos da radiação , Fotometria/instrumentação , Refratometria/métodos , Desenho de Equipamento , Análise de Falha de Equipamento , Luz , Teste de Materiais , Fotometria/métodos , Propriedades de SuperfícieRESUMO
PIP: The objective of this study was to analyze the acceptability, effectiveness, and continuation of long-acting progestagens in certain sectors of the population where its advantages are more obvious by virtue of certain socioeconomic, cultural, and geographic characteristics, and by lack of availability of family planning services, as in rural areas and urban marginal zones. The study was performed using females of reproductive age residing in rural areas of the Mexican States of Hidalgo, Puebla, and Yucatan between July 1981 and September 1982. Originally the investigation included a total of 462 women, of whom 94 were lost to follow-up, leaving a total of 368 patients (79.6%) with effective follow-up. The contraceptive used was 19-Nor progestagen, norethisterone enanthate (NET), in 200 mg doses administered intramuscularly. The 1st dose was applied between the 1st to the 5th day of the menstrual cycle and each 60 calendar days thereafter. Of a total of 94 discontinuations, 2/3 occurred during the 1st 6 months of the study. The final discontinuation rate was 14.46%. The studied population showed a continuation rate of 85.54% after 12 months of use. Observing rates by reasons for discontinuation, the principal causes in descending order were nonmedical reasons, amenorrhea, pregnancy, bleeding and other secondary effects. The greatest number of discontinuations, considering each particular reason, occurred predominantly during the 1st 6 months of the study. Distribution of users by age group show that more than 2/3 (71.8%) were between 20 and 34 years old. Distribution by number of previous pregnancies show 56.5% with 5 or more gestations. To analyze behavior of menstrual cycles, "cycles" were defined as period of 30 calendar days. Under this concept, more than 2/3 (70.9%) of the users had from 1 to 7 days of bleeding per cycle. On the basis of the results of the study, it is possible to conclude the following: 1) Continuation of NET use is greater than that observed with other long-lasting progestagens. This seems to be especially so when employed in areas where limitations exist for the utilization of other contraceptive means. 2) Contraceptive effectiveness is greater when administration is scheduled at 60 day intervals rather than longer intervals. 3) Unlike other long-acting progestagens, NET conserves the normal menstrual pattern in the majority of users, which favorably influences its continuation.^ieng
Assuntos
Anticoncepcionais Femininos/administração & dosagem , Noretindrona/análogos & derivados , Adolescente , Adulto , Preparações de Ação Retardada , Avaliação de Medicamentos , Feminino , Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde , Humanos , Injeções Intramusculares , México , Noretindrona/administração & dosagem , Gravidez , População RuralRESUMO
Se presentan los resultados de un estudio efectuado en 368 mujeres residentes en areas rurales de Mexico, que utilizaron enantato de noretisterona como anticonceptivo inyectable de intervalo. El esquema de administracion fue de 200mg por via intramuscular cada 60 dias. Se encontro una descontinuacion de 14.46 a un ano de uso, siendo las razones principales las no medicas y en segundo lugar, los trastornos del ciclo. La tasa de embarazos resulto de 2.09 por ciento. Tambien se observo que el 70.9 por ciento de las usuarias presentaron 1 a 7 dias de sangrado por mes, es decir, que mostraron una regularidad considerable en sus ciclos. Se comentan asimismo las posibles razones de la alta continuidad observada con el metodo y la baja incidencia de trastornos menstruales