RESUMO
There are several methods to assess the function of the autonomic nervous system. Among them, heart rate recovery (HRR) is an accepted, easy, low-cost technique. Different pathological conditions have been related to the development of autonomic dysfunction. Our study aimed to evaluate the relationship between HRR and HRR-derived parameters in ambulatory patients with asthma or type 2 diabetes followed at the National Institutes of Health in Mexico City. A total of 78 participants, 50 women and, 28 men were enrolled; anthropometric, respiratory evaluations, and fasting blood samples were taken before participants performed a 6-min walking test (6MWT). Abnormal HRR was defined as a drop of ≤8 and ≤11 beats/min at 1 or 2 min and correlated negatively with basal oxygen saturation at 1 min. Heart rate at 1 min, correlated negatively with final oxygen saturation (p < 0.01). Statistically significant negative correlations were also observed between red cell count and white blood cell count and HOMA-IR with a p < 0.01. Since discrete hematological but significant changes correlated with HRR and HRR-derived parameters, we consider that these measures are helpful in clinical settings to identify subclinical autonomic dysfunction that permits us to prevent or anticipate chronic and fatal clinical outcomes.
RESUMO
INTRODUCCIÓN Las personas con esquizofrenia presentan deficiencias en su desempeño social. La cognición social se postula como mediador del funcionamiento en ese terreno. El procesamiento emocional se enmarca dentro de la cognición social y explica los aspectos relacionados con la percepción y el uso de las emociones faciales. OBJETIVOS Evaluar la trayectoria ocular que realiza una persona con esquizofrenia, definida mediante el eje del Manual Diagnóstico y Estadístico de los Trastornos Mentales, cuando procesa una emoción facial, teniendo en cuenta su funcionamiento social. MÉTODOS Se efectuó un estudio de tipo analítico, observacional y cuantitativo. Se realizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas y pruebas validadas en Argentina, y un seguimiento de movimientos oculares mediante técnica de seguimiento ocular a 40 personas: 20 con diagnóstico de esquizofrenia y 20 sujetos sanos. Se analizaron todos los datos con SPSS y paquete Imer. RESULTADOS Se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre la amplitud de la sacada entre casos y controles; la duración de la fijación no mostró diferencias significativas. En la evaluación de la identificación sobre expresiones faciales, las personas con esquizofrenia presentaron mayor cantidad de errores y respuestas sin contestar. Las personas con esquizofrenia no realizan barrido triangular para la identificación de una emoción, tal como lo hacen las personas sanas. DISCUSION Las personas con esquizofrenia utilizan una estrategia diferente de recogida de la información visual para identificar la expresión emocional.
Assuntos
Esquizofrenia , Comportamento Social , Emoções , Movimentos Oculares , Expressão FacialRESUMO
Background: The hyperemesis gravidarum is a severe illness of nauseas and vomit that is present in the first trimester of the pregnancy, it has an incidence of 0.3 to 2%, it has been associated to weight loss, electrolytic disturbances, ketonuria, dehydration and in very seldom cases spontaneous pneumomediastinum. Clinical case: A 21 years old female patient, primigest, in the first trimester of gestation, she started her disease with nauseas and vomiting more than 15 times during 6 hours period, odynophagia, dysphonia and pain in the cervical region, loss of 5 kilograms in the last month. The physical examination showed the patient in bad conditions, dehydration, neck with volume increased and emphysema subcutaneus, crakles until torax. Laboratory findings with hypokalemia, leukocytosis, acute kidney failure, and elevation of hepatic enzymes. The initial treatment was with intravenous fluids resuscitation, hydroelectrolytic balance restoration, antiemetic treatment and rest, it was taken TC of neck and torax, and was exclude any laryngeal and esophageal injury and perforation, but it showed air in the mediastinum. Conservative management with favorable evolution and completed resolution in 7 days. Conclusion: It is very important that the medical doctor must keep in mind the different diagnosis of and take an opportune decision in case of present those complications potentially fatal to the mother.
Assuntos
Hiperêmese Gravídica/complicações , Enfisema Mediastínico/etiologia , Complicações na Gravidez/diagnóstico , Antieméticos/administração & dosagem , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Feminino , Hidratação/métodos , Humanos , Hiperêmese Gravídica/diagnóstico , Hiperêmese Gravídica/terapia , Enfisema Mediastínico/diagnóstico , Enfisema Mediastínico/terapia , Gravidez , Complicações na Gravidez/terapia , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Background: The expression of heat shock proteins (HSP70) in tumor cells or virus infected cells is important for the induction of specific cellular immune response. They are implicated in transport of immunodominants peptides in the endoplasmic reticulum, activation of antigen presenting cells and cross priming of CD8 T cells. Aim: To analyze the expression of HSP70 protein in its constitutive (HSP73) and inducible forms (HSP72) in Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL), infected or not by Epstein Barr virus (EBV) and to assess its relationship with pathological subtype, clinical stages and treatment response. Material and methods: The analysis of HSP73 and HSP72 was done by immunoperoxidase on routinely processed paraffin sections with prior antigen retrieval. Results: Sixty seven cases were studied. The expression of HSP73 and HSP72 was detected in 19.4 and 17.9% of samples respectively. The infiltrating lymphocytes expressed HSP72 in 58% of cases. The pathological subtypes with the higher expression in lymphocytes were mixed cellularity and nodular sclerosis. No differences in HSP70 expression were observed, according to clinical stage, treatment response or the presence of EBV. Conclusions: The expression of HSP72 on lymphocytes suggests that this protein plays an important role in the induction and amplification of anti-tumor immune response (Rev Méd Chile 2003; 131: 1375-81).
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Recém-Nascido , Pré-Escolar , Criança , Adolescente , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Proteínas de Choque Térmico/metabolismo , /isolamento & purificação , Doença de Hodgkin/metabolismo , Doença de Hodgkin/virologia , Colômbia , Proteínas de Choque Térmico/imunologia , /imunologia , Doença de Hodgkin/imunologiaRESUMO
Background: Helicobacter pylori is recognized as an etiologic agent of several gastric diseases. Bacterial genotypes have been related to clinical outcome in several populations. Aim: To compare cagA, vacA and iceA genotypes of Colombian isolates from patients with several gastrointestinal diseases, including gastric cancer. Material and methods: We used polymerase chain reactions to amplify vacA, cagA and iceA genes of 137 H pylori isolates coming from 26 patients with gastric cancer (GC), 34 with peptic ulcer (PU), 19 with intestinal metaplasia (IM), 23 with atrophic gastritis (AG) and 35 with non atrophic gastritis (NAG). Results: vacA s1-m1, cagA+, iceA+ were the most frequently found genotypes. vacA s1 and m1 subtypes were found in 92 (67 percent) and 82 (60 percent) cases respectively. Sixty three percent were cagA+ and 85 percent were iceA+. There was a lower prevalence of s1 allele in cases of NAG (43 percent), compared with GC, PU and IM (81 percent, 77 percent and 81 percent prevalence, respectively, p <0.01). Isolates from NAG also showed a low frequency of vacA m1 subtype (40 percent) compared with GC or IM (81 percent and 84 percent respectively, p <0.01). The prevalence of cagA+ strains was significantly higher in GC patients (80 percent) than in NAG patients (51.4 percent, p <0.01). No differences in the frequency of vacA s1a, s1b and iceA subtypes, were observed. Conclusions: A lower frequency of cytotoxic H pylori genotypes such as cagA and vacA s1m1 and a higher frequency of non cytotoxic genotypes, was observed in patients with NAG, when compared to patients with GC or PU. These results suggest that even in Colombia, vacA and cagA could be used as markers of increased virulence
Assuntos
Humanos , Neoplasias Gástricas , Helicobacter pylori , Genes Bacterianos , Úlcera Péptica/patologia , Colômbia , Frequência do Gene , Genótipo , Gastrite Atrófica/patologia , Gastrite Hipertrófica/patologiaRESUMO
The clinic case of a 14 years old patient, with a molar pregnancy, hypertension and ischemic cerebral arrest in the temporoparietal left region is being described. Lupus anticoagulant antibodies were determined with a positive result corresponding with a clinic scheme to an antiphospholipid antibodies which is clinically associated with occlusive venous or arterial disorders in several regions, as well as deeply venous thrombosis in the extremities, brain, lungs and recurrent loss of early pregnancy, severe preeclampsia with an early appearance and fetal growth retardation.
Assuntos
Síndrome Antifosfolipídica , Infarto Cerebral , Mola Hidatiforme , Complicações na Gravidez , Neoplasias Uterinas , Adulto , Síndrome Antifosfolipídica/complicações , Síndrome Antifosfolipídica/diagnóstico , Encéfalo/diagnóstico por imagem , Infarto Cerebral/diagnóstico , Infarto Cerebral/diagnóstico por imagem , Infarto Cerebral/etiologia , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Mola Hidatiforme/diagnóstico , Gravidez , Complicações na Gravidez/diagnóstico , Complicações Cardiovasculares na Gravidez/diagnóstico , Complicações Neoplásicas na Gravidez/diagnóstico , Fatores de Tempo , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Neoplasias Uterinas/diagnósticoRESUMO
Objetivos- Determinar algunos efectos característicos agudos y crónicos en la salud de los agentes de tránsito, ubicados en la zona de influencia de la secretaría de tránsito y transporte de Santafé de Bogotá, expuestos a la contaminación ambiental; correlacionarlos con las mediciones ambientales de los siguientes contaminantes: Plomo (pb), Oxidos de nitrógeno (NO), Oxidos de azufre (SO), Ozono (O3), Monóxido de carbono (CO), Hidrocarburos (Hc), Partículas y Ruido; y comparar los hallazgos en la salud con un grupo no expuesto. Métodos- Se realizaron dos tipos de estudio, uno descriptivo de Prevalencía con el fin de determinar los efectos crónicos en la salud de los agentes de tránsito de Santafé de Bogotá (n=288) asociados a contaminación ambiental comparado con un grupo de personas no expuestas y otro de seguimiento prospectivo anidado en el de Prevalencía donde participaron 207 agentes, con el fín de evaluar efectos agudos y establecer una asociación con los niveles ambientales de los contaminantes evaluados durante el mes de octubre de 1993. Para el análisis estadístico se utilizaron pruebas de Prevalencía y análisis de regresión logística multivariado. Resultados- En el estudio de Prevalencía se hallaron diferencias significativas entre las prevalencias de los expuestos y no expuestos en el caso de alteraciones del sistema nervioso central siendo de 0.718 y 0.456 respectivamente y una relación positiva con el tiempo de servicio, con un RR de 1.098 = 0.042. Enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica, EPOC, Asma, y alteraciones del Sistema Nervioso priférico se presentaron solo en los expuestos. El síndrome de estrés y reacción presenta una relación inversa con la edad. En el análisis multivariado se evidenció asociación con la edad en la Hipoacusia neurosensorial grado III y en los trastornos de equilibrio. De otro modo en la Hipoacusia grado II sin antecedentes ototóxicos se observó asociación con el tiempo de servicio. En el estudio de seguimiento prospectivo se hallo un incremento en las proporciones de Prevalencía entre la primera y la segunda evaluación en faringitis irritativa. Las pruebas biológicas se encontraron dentro de los limites normales. Con relación a los niveles contaminantes del estudio se encontraron superando la normal el (CO) en la estación de san Juan de Dios, NO2 en la avenida caracas con calle 53 y SO2 y partículas en la del Tunal