RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Epidermolysis bullosa (EB) nevi are acquired pigmented melanocytic lesions which may have clinical and dermoscopic features quite similar to those found in melanoma. More detailed information on this phenomenon is still lacking. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate clinical, dermoscopic, and histopathological features of melanocytic lesions in 13 patients with dystrophic EB (DEB). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients underwent clinical and dermoscopic evaluation. Suspicious lesions were excised and examined microscopically. RESULTS: There were 12 cases of recessive DEB and one of dominant DEB. Five patients were men; 8 were women; the ages ranged from 2 to 27 years old. All patients had at least 2 atypical melanocytic lesions. Two of the 5 biopsied patients showed an atypical nevus or lentigo on histopathological examination. CONCLUSIONS: We observed a high incidence of large and atypical melanocytic lesions in DEB patients. Although the exact explanation for this is still unclear, it seems that re-epithelization and the chronic inflammatory process may stimulate the proliferation of melanocytes, as well as the emergence of lesions with atypical clinical and dermoscopic features. As an unequivocal discrimination from malignant melanoma in vivo is not always possible, regular clinical follow-up and histopathological evaluation of suspicious lesions in EB patients are mandatory.
Assuntos
Dermoscopia , Epidermólise Bolhosa Distrófica/diagnóstico , Nevo Pigmentado/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Cutâneas/diagnóstico , Pele/patologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Epidermólise Bolhosa Distrófica/complicações , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Nevo Pigmentado/etiologia , Neoplasias Cutâneas/etiologia , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Ichthyosis is a heterogeneous cornification disorder. Melanocytic lesions have not been previously described in association with ichthyosis. Their clinical importance lies in the fact that they may simulate melanoma clinically and dermoscopically, as seen in epidermolysis bullosa. The objective of this study was to evaluate the clinical, dermoscopic, and histopathologic features of nevi and lentigines in 16 patients with autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis-lamellar ichthyosis and nonbullous ichthyosiform congenital erythroderma. Patients underwent general clinical examination dermoscopy. The more suspicious lesions were excised and to histopathologic examination. Most patients (n = 13) reported no personal or familial history of melanoma or atypical nevi. All of the patients had at least five atypical melanocytic lesions. Ten of the 16 patients had at least one atypical nevus or lentigo. This study suggests that increased atypical melanocytic nevi may be a feature of long-standing congenital ichthyoses. Whether this finding is disease-related or a coincidental observation is difficult to ascertain. As an unequivocal discrimination from malignant melanoma in vivo is not always possible, regular clinical follow-up of patients with ichthyosis and increased or unusual nevi is recommended.
Assuntos
Ictiose/epidemiologia , Ictiose/patologia , Nevo Pigmentado/epidemiologia , Nevo Pigmentado/patologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Biópsia , Brasil/epidemiologia , Criança , Feminino , Humanos , Ictiose/genética , Incidência , Lentigo/epidemiologia , Lentigo/patologia , Masculino , Adulto JovemRESUMO
FUNDAMENTOS Tacrolimo pomada é eficaz no tratamento da dermatite atópica. OBJETIVOS Avaliar a eficácia e segurança do tacrolimo pomada 0,03% (Protopic®) no tratamento depacientes pediátricos com dermatite atópica. MÉTODOS Estudo multicêntrico, aberto e não comparativo. Incluídos 174 pacientes (dois a 10 anos)com dermatite atópica. Utilizou-se tacrolimo duas vezes ao dia, por seis semanas. O critério primário de eficácia foi a melhora clínica > a 90% avaliada pelo médico (Escala de Avaliação Global da Resposta Clínica). Outros critérios de eficácia foram a redução no índice de área e gravidade do eczema (EASI),a redução do percentual de superfície corporal afetada (%BSA) e a avaliação do prurido pelo paciente (escala analógica visual). Segurança foi avaliada pela ocorrência de eventos adversos relatados pelos pais e pacientes ou pelos investigadores.RESULTADOS Trinta e três por cento dos pacientes apresentaram melhora clínica >90%. Quando avaliado o escore EASI, houve redução de 45,5% (primeira semana) e 61,8% (sexta semana) quando comparado com o basal (p<0,001). Em relação a %BSA, houve redução de 30,4% e 55,5%, na primeira e na sexta semana. Houve redução do prurido em relação ao basal (p<0,001).Os eventos adversos maiscomuns foram queimação e prurido localizados. CONCLUSÃO Tacrolimo pomada 0,03% é terapia segura e efetiva no tratamento da dermatite atópica leve a grave em pacientes pediátricos.
BACKGROUND: Tacrolimus ointment has been shown to be effective in treatment of atopic dermatitis. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of 0.03% tacrolimus ointment (Protopic®) in pediatric patients with mild, moderate and severe atopic dermatitis. METHODS: Open, non-comparative, multicentric study carried out in Brazil. 174 patients (ages fromtwo to 10) with mild to severe atopic dermatitis were included. Patients were instructed to apply Protopic® twice a day for six weeks. Primary efficacy criterion was clinical improvement > 90% assessed by the physician (Clinical Response Global Evaluation Scale). Other efficacy criteria included reduction of the Eczema Area Severity Index (EASI), decrease of the affected body surface area (%BSA) and evaluation of the itching by the patients or their guardians (visual analogical scale). Safety was evaluated by adverse events reported by patients and/or guardians or by investigators. RESULTS: Thirty-three percent of patients showed clinical improvement >90%. 45.5% of patients (1st week) decreased EASI and 61.8% (6th week) (p<0,001). %BSA decreased 30.4% and 55.5% in the firstand sixth week. Improvement was also significant when measured by itching (p<0,001). Most frequent adverse effects were: burning and itching. CONCLUSION: 0.03% tacrolimus ointment is a safe and effective therapy for mild to severe atopic dermatitisin pediatric patients.
RESUMO
OBJETIVO: Realizar revisão da literatura sobre o lupus eritematoso discóide (LED) na infância. FONTES DE DADOS: Livros-texto e artigos de revistas indexadas pelo Medline e SciELO nos últimos dez anos, usando as seguintes palavras-chave: "discoid lupus erythematosus", "chronic cutaneous lupus erythematosus", "lupus erythematosus in childhood", "lupus erythematosus in children", "discoid lupus erythematosus in childhood", "discoid lupus erythematosus in children". SÍNTESEDOS DADOS: A idade de início da doença ocorre predominantemente entre cinco e dez anos e a história familiar de lupus eritematoso está presente em 11 a 35 por cento dos casos. A relação gênero feminino/masculino varia de 1/1 a 2,4/1. Por sua vez, 24 a 27 por cento dos pacientes com LED desenvolvem lupus eritematoso sistêmico (LES). Lesões discóides localizadas (que acometem cabeça e pescoço) são observadas em 56 a 75 por cento dos pacientes. A face é o local mais acometido. O LED localizado e o generalizado apresentam evolução semelhante. Os achados histológicos são típicos, mostrando dermatite de interface. IgM e IgG são os depósitos mais freqüentes na zona da membrana basal da epiderme. Os tratamentos geralmente utilizados são: fotoproteção, corticosteróides tópicos e antimaláricos. Imunossupressores, talidomida, dapsona e retinóides podem ser usados nos casos refratários. CONCLUSÕES: O LED da infância parece ter pequeno predomínio no gênero feminino, alta prevalência de história familiar de lupus eritematoso e elevada proporção que evolui para a forma sistêmica da doença, comparada ao LED do adulto. O LED localizado e o generalizado apresentam prognósticos semelhante. Os achados histológicos não foram diferentes daqueles descritos no LED do adulto.
OBJECTIVE: To review the literature about discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE) in childhood. DATA SOURCES: Textbooks and journals indexed for Medline and SciELO in the last ten years. The following key-words were searched: "discoid lupus erythematosus", "chronic cutaneous lupus erythematosus", "lupus erythematosus in childhood", "lupus erythematosus in children", "discoid lupus erythematosus in childhood", "discoid lupus erythematosus in children". DATA SYNTHESIS: Disease onset occurs predominantly between five and ten years old. Family history of lupus erythematosus is present in 11-35 percent of cases. The female/male ratio varies from 1/1 to 2.4/1. Development of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is present in 24-27 percent of patients. Localized discoid lesions are observed in 56-75 percent of patients. The face is the most frequent site of involvement. Localized and generalized DLE have a similar course. The histological findings are typical, with interface dermatitis. IgM and IgG are the most frequent deposits in the basement membrane zone. The treatments usually used are: sunscreens, topical corticosteroids and antimalarials. Immunosuppressive agents, thalidomide, dapsone and retinoids can be used in refractory cases. CONCLUSIONS: Childhood DLE shows slight female predominance, high prevalence of familiar history of lupus erythematosus, and it evolves to systemic lupus erythematosus in a higher proportion than adult DLE. Disseminated DLE and localized DLE have similar prognosis. The histological findings did not differ from those described in adults.