RESUMO
INTRODUÇÃO: O uso de suplementos ergogênicos farmacológicos e nutricionais cresce a cada dia no ambiente esportivo. A creatina e os esteroides anabólicos são os recursos ergogênicos mais procurados ultimamente. OBJETIVO: Avaliar as alterações histológicas e morfométricas do músculo sóleo de ratos que receberam suplementos e foram submetidos a treinamento físico (TF) de natação. MÉTODOS: Foram utilizados 50 ratos, distribuidos em cinco grupos: três não submetidos à atividade física (controles) e dois que receberam treinamento de natação (treinados). Um grupo controle recebeu apenas ração (grupo controle ração), dois grupos (um controle e outro treinado) receberam diariamente 3,3 mg de creatina por grama de dieta dissolvida em água aplicada oralmente via gavagem, e os outros dois grupos (um controle e outro treinado) receberam injeção intramuscular do esteroide anabolizante decanoato de nandrolona (Deca-durabolin(r) - Organon) 5 mg/kg duas vezes por semana. Os grupos treinados foram submetidos ao TF com duração de 60 min/sessão de segunda a sexta-feira por nove semanas, e foram sacrificados no final deste período. Após o sacrifício, o músculo sóleo foi retirado, fixado em formalina (10%) tamponada e incluído em parafina. Os cortes histológicos foram corados pela técnica de hematoxilina-eosina para avaliação de hiperplasia e hipertrofia muscular. Para análise dos dados aplicou-se a análise de variância ANOVA One-Way com post hoc de Tukey-Kramer com nível de significância de 5%. RESULTADOS: Foi demonstrado que a creatina associada ao exercício provavelmente aumente o espaço intersticial no músculo esquelético sem alterar o tamanho ou número de fibras musculares, enquanto ...
INTRODUCTION: The use of pharmacologic and nutritional ergogenic supplements is growing every day in sports environment. Creatine and anabolic steroids are the most popular ergogenic resources used lately. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the histological and morphometric changes of the soleus muscle of rats receiving supplements and submitted to physical training (swimming). METHODS: 50 rats were allocated into five groups: three did not undergo physical activity (controls) and two that received swimming training (trained). A control group received only rat chow (control chow group), two groups (one control and one trained) received 3.3mg of creatine per gram of diet dissolved in water daily applied orally via gavage, and the other two groups (control and other trained) received intramuscular injections of the anabolic steroid nandrolone decanoate (Deca-durabolin(r) - Organon) 5mg/kg twice weekly. The trained groups were submitted to the physical training 60min/day lasting from Monday to Friday for 9 weeks and were sacrificed at the end of the period. After sacrifice, the soleus muscle was removed, fixed in buffered formalin (10%) and embedded in paraffin. The histological sections were stained by hematoxylin-eosin for evaluation of muscle hyperplasia and hypertrophy. For data analysis we applied the One-Way ANOVA with post hoc Tukey-Kramer significance level of 5%. RESULTS: It was shown that creatine during exercise probably increase the interstitial space in skeletal muscle without changing the size or number of muscle fibers, whereas the anabolic agent increased the number of muscle fibers per muscle area examined, though no changes have been observed in the area of the fiber. CONCLUSION: The muscle of rats submitted to swimming training responds differently opposite type of ergogenic aid used. .
INTRODUCCIÓN: El uso de suplementos ergogénicos farmacológicos y nutricionales crece, cada día, en el ambiente deportivo. La creatina y los esteroides anabólicos son los recursos ergogénicos más procurados en los últimos tiempos. OBJETIVO: Evaluar las alteraciones histológicas y morfométricas del músculo sóleo de ratones que recibieron suplementos y fueron sometidos a entrenamiento físico (EF) de natación. MÉTODOS: Se utilizaron 50 ratones, distribuidos en cinco grupos: tres de estos no sometidos a la actividad física (controles) y dos que recibieron entrenamiento de natación (entrenados). Un grupo de control recibió solamente ración (grupo de controle por ración), dos grupos (uno de control y otro entrenado) recibieron diariamente 3,3 mg de creatina, por gramo de dieta, disuelta en agua aplicada oralmente vía gavaje, y los otros dos grupos (uno de control y otro entrenado) recibieron inyección intramuscular del esteroide anabolizante decanoato de nandrolona (Deca-durabolin(r) - Organon), 5 mg/kg dos veces por semana. Los grupos entrenados fueron sometidos al EF, con duración de 60 min/sesión, de lunes a viernes durante nueve semanas, y fueron sacrificados al final de este período. Después del sacrificio, el músculo sóleo fue retirado, fijado en formalina (10%) tamponada e insertado en parafina. Los cortes histológicos fueron coloridos mediante la técnica de hematoxilina-eosina para evaluación de hiperplasia e hipertrofia muscular. Para el análisis de los datos se aplicó el análisis de variancia ANOVA One-Way con post hoc de Tukey-Kramer, con nivel de significancia de 5%. RESULTADOS: Se demostró que la creatina, vinculada al ejercicio, aumenta probablemente el espacio intersticial en el músculo esquelético, sin alterar el tamaño ni el ...
RESUMO
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Acarbose is a competitive inhibitor of intestinal alpha-glycosidases that slows the breakdown of sucrose and starch, thereby reducing glucose and fructose absorption. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of acarbose treatment on antioxidant parameters and deposition of type I collagen in the parotid glands of diabetic rats. METHODS: Diabetes mellitus was induced by intravenous injection of streptozotocin, and rats were divided into four groups: non-diabetic (NDM), diabetic (DM), diabetic treated with 25mg/kg acarbose (DMA) and non-diabetic treated with acarbose (NDMA). Changes in enzymatic antioxidant systems, such as the activity of SOD and GPx enzymes, were evaluated, and the specific staining pattern of the type I collagen fibres was investigated in the rat parotid glands. RESULTS: The DM group presented high levels of SOD and GPx enzymes, which were reduced by acarbose treatment. Tissue damage, which was indicated by an increased MDA concentration in the parotid glands of rats in the DM group, was also reversed in the DMA group. Moreover, type I collagen fibres from DM rats were more intensely stained than those of NDM rats. Acarbose treatment was effective in decreasing collagen deposition, which was shown by a decrease in staining intensity of approximately 25%. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that the diabetic state influences the type I collagen concentration in the parotid glands of rats. In addition, acarbose treatment was helpful in preventing the deposition of such fibres, as well the increase in oxidative stress induced by hyperglycemia.