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Introdução: os pacientes submetidos à cirurgia bariátrica e metabólica apresentam melhoras clínicas significativas; porém, podem desenvolver intolerâncias alimentares e problemas emocionais, como distúrbios da imagem corporal, alterações no sistema gastrointestinal e, consequentemente, a rápida perda de peso, que acarretam mudanças importantes na vida destes pacientes. Objetivo: identificar a tolerância alimentar e a percepção da imagem corporal de pacientes submetidos à cirurgia bariátrica e metabólica. Método: trata-se de um estudo prospectivo transversal de abordagem quantitativa, realizado com 36 pacientes que realizam acompanhamento no Programa de Cirurgia Bariátrica e Metabólica do Hospital de Clínicas de Itajubá, Minas Gerais (MG). Os dados clínicos e antropométricos foram obtidos em prontuários; a tolerância alimentar foi avaliada por meio do questionário de avaliação da qualidade da alimentação e tolerância alimentar,(14) e a imagem corporal da escala de silhuetas corporais(18) e Body Shape Questionnaire-34,(15) nas consultas de pós-operatório de acordo com o protocolo do serviço. A análise dos dados foi realizada através do software Bioestat® v5.0, por meio da estatística descritiva (média ± desvio padrão e porcentagem). Resultados: 36 pacientes foram avaliados, sendo 75% do sexo feminino; 97,2% apresentaram intolerância alimentar, sendo os alimentos menos tolerados massas (50,0%), carne vermelha (35,3%), pão (27,3%) e arroz (22,2%). Quanto à percepção da imagem corporal, 56% dos participantes apresentaram algum nível de distorção da imagem corporal e 83,3% destes desejavam diminuir a silhueta. Conclusão: identificou-se elevada frequência de intolerâncias a alimentos específicos após a cirurgia bariátrica e metabólica, uma distorção importante da imagem corporal e avaliação negativa da autoimagem. (AU)

Introduction: patients undergoing bariatric and metabolic surgery show significant clinical improvements; however, they can develop food intolerances and emotional problems, such as body image disorders, changes in the gastrointestinal system and, consequently, rapid weight loss, cause important changes in the lives of these patients. Objective: to identify food tolerance and body image perception in patients undergoing bariatric and metabolic surgery. Method: this is a prospective crosssectional study with a quantitative approach, carried out with 36 patients who are being followed up in the Bariatric and Metabolic Surgery Program of Hospital de Clínicas de Itajubá, Minas Gerais (MG). Clinical and anthropometric data were obtained from medical records; the food tolerance assessed through the questionnaire to assess the quality of food and food tolerance,(14) and the body image of the body silhouettes scale(18) and Body Shape Questionnaire-34,(15) in the postoperative consultations of according to the service protocol. Data analysis was performed using the Bioestat® software v5.0, using descriptive statistics (mean ± standard deviation and percentage). Results: 36 patients were evaluated, 75% of whom were female; 97.2% had food intolerance, with less tolerated food being pasta (50.0%), red meat (35.3%), bread (27.3%) and rice (22.2%). Regarding the perception of body image, 56% of participants showed some level of distortion of body image and 83.3% of these wished to decrease the silhouette. Conclusion: a high frequency of intolerances to specific foods was identified after bariatric and metabolic surgery, an important distortion of body image and a negative assessment of self-image.(AU)

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OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to evaluate the independent association of the dietary inflammatory index (DII®) score with overweight and obesity in Brazilian participants of the Cohort of Universities of Minas Gerais (CUME project). METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study consisting of 3,151 graduates and postgraduates (2197 women) with a mean (SD) age of 36.3 y (±9.4 y). Sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle, and anthropometric data were assessed via online self-reported questionnaire. Additionally, a validated food frequency questionnaire with 144 food items was used to generate energy-adjusted DII (E-DIITM) scores, which evaluated the inflammatory potential of the diet. RESULTS: The prevalence of overweight and obesity were 28.2% and 11%, respectively. Participants in the highest E-DII quartile (most proinflammatory diet) were more likely to be smokers/former smokers; sedentary; and consumers of red and ultra-processed meats, fats and oils (excluding olive oil), bottled fruit juices and soft drinks, sugars, sweets, and higher overall caloric intake, compared with the first quartile of E-DII. Both men and women in the fourth E-DII quartile had the highest prevalence of overweight and obesity (prevalence ratio [PR], 1.35; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.14-1.59 and PR, 1.97; 95% CI, 1.20-3.22, respectively, in men; PR, 1.38; 95% CI, 1.17 to 1.65 and PR, 1.95; 95% CI, 1.31-2.90, respectively, in women). CONCLUSION: The most proinflammatory dietary pattern was associated with a higher prevalence of overweight and obesity and other unhealthy lifestyles including being sedentary, smoking, and consuming a obesogenic diet.

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It is known that the dietary pattern and macronutrients profile may influence the expression and secretion of inflammatory biomarkers, and the low-grade inflammation is associated with the manifestation of noncommunicable chronic diseases. Therefore, this review aimed to present and discuss the role of dietary patterns and macronutrients on the variation of inflammatory markers related to NCD risk. Scientific evidences within the last five years based on clinical trials, case-controls, cohorts, and cross-sectional studies indicate that normocaloric, carbohydrate-moderated, low-glycemic index, protein-moderated, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acid-rich, omega-3, and low-saturated fat diets display positive effects on the inflammatory state, both in healthy individuals and in those with cardiovascular risk, although the second group seems to benefit more from changes in the dietary profile.

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[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1155/2018/4762575.].

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OBJECTIVE: To analyze the relationship between the peripheral blood white cells, metabolic changes, and nutritional status of adolescents with and without excess weight and body fat. METHODS: This cross-sectional study evaluated the body mass index (BMI) and percentage body fat (%BF) in 362 adolescents from 15 to 19 years of age, of both sexes. White blood cell count, platelet count, uric acid, fasting glucose, insulin, and lipid profile were measured. The inclusion criteria were agreement to participate in the study and signature of the informed consent. Exclusion criteria were: presence of chronic or infectious disease; use of medications that could cause changes in biochemical tests; pregnancy; participation in weight reduction and weight control programs; use of diuretics and laxatives; or the presence of a pacemaker. The following statistical tests were applied: Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, Student's t or Mann-Whitney test, Pearson or Spearman correlation tests, and chi-squared test, considering p<0.05. RESULTS: Overweight was observed in 20.7% of adolescents. The total cholesterol (TC) had a higher percentage of inadequacy (52.2%), followed by high-density lipoprotein (HDL) (38.4%). There was a positive correlation between white cells and serum lipids, insulin, body fat, and BMI. Monocytes were negatively correlated with BMI, and rods with BMI, body fat, and insulin. CONCLUSIONS: Nutritional status is related to an inflammatory process, and adolescents with excess weight or body fat presented higher amounts of white blood cells.

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OBJECTIVE: To analyze the relationship between the peripheral blood white cells, metabolic changes, and nutritional status of adolescents with and without excess weight and body fat. METHODS: This cross-sectional study evaluated the body mass index (BMI) and percentage body fat (%BF) in 362 adolescents from 15 to 19 years of age, of both sexes. White blood cell count, platelet count, uric acid, fasting glucose, insulin, and lipid profile were measured. The inclusion criteria were agreement to participate in the study and signature of the informed consent. Exclusion criteria were: presence of chronic or infectious disease; use of medications that could cause changes in biochemical tests; pregnancy; participation in weight reduction and weight control programs; use of diuretics and laxatives; or the presence of a pacemaker. The following statistical tests were applied: Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, Student's t or Mann-Whitney test, Pearson or Spearman correlation tests, and chi-squared test, considering p<0.05. RESULTS: Overweight was observed in 20.7% of adolescents. The total cholesterol (TC) had a higher percentage of inadequacy (52.2%), followed by high-density lipoprotein (HDL) (38.4%). There was a positive correlation between white cells and serum lipids, insulin, body fat, and BMI. Monocytes were negatively correlated with BMI, and rods with BMI, body fat, and insulin. CONCLUSIONS: Nutritional status is related to an inflammatory process, and adolescents with excess weight or body fat presented higher amounts of white blood cells...

OBJETIVO: Analisar a relação entre as células brancas do sangue periférico e as alterações metabólicas e estado nutricional de adolescentes com e sem excesso de peso e gordura corporal. MÉTODOS: Avaliou-se, em estudo transversal, o Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC) e o percentual de gordura corporal (%GC) em 362 adolescentes de 15 a 19 anos de idade, de ambos os sexos. Os critérios gerais de inclusão foram: ter aceitado participar da pesquisa e assinado o termo de consentimento livre e esclarecido. Os critérios de exclusão foram: relatar a presença de doenças crônicas ou infecciosas; usar medicamentos que pudessem causar alteração nos exames bioquímicos; ter engravidado; ter participado de programas de redução e controle de peso; usar diuréticos/laxantes ou usar marcapasso. Realizou-se leucograma, contagem de plaquetas, ácido úrico, glicemia de jejum, insulina e perfil lipídico. Utilizaram-se os testes Kolmogorov-Smirnov, t de Student ou Mann Whitney, correlação de Pearson ou de Spearman e qui-quadrado, considerando significante p<0,05. RESULTADOS: Excesso de peso foi verificado em 20,7% dos adolescentes. O colesterol total (CT) apresentou maior porcentagem de inadequação (52,2%), seguido da lipoproteína de alta densidade (HDL) (38,4%). Encontraram-se correlações positivas entre células brancas e lipídeos séricos, insulina, gordura corporal e IMC. Os monócitos apresentaram correlação negativa com IMC e os bastonetes com IMC, gordura corporal e insulina. CONCLUSÕES: O estado nutricional está relacionado com um quadro inflamatório, sendo que adolescentes com excesso de peso e/ou de gordura corporal apresentaram maiores quantidades de células brancas...

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