RESUMO

This report describes the combination of two surgical fracture repair techniques and the postoperative management of a mandibular diastemal fracture in a two-year-old mare. The mare was referred to a veterinary hospital with a laceration over the body of the right mandible. Radiographic assessment revealed two mesial fracture lines involving the second premolar tooth and a ventrally displaced bone fragment. The mare was treated under general anesthesia and the fracture was corrected using open reduction and plate fixation. A 3.5 mm narrow 15-hole locking compression plate with seven locking screws were used in a bridge form. Cerclage wire was also used to anchor the incisor teeth to the second and third premolar teeth. The cerclage wire and incisor teeth were covered with polymethylmethacrylate to prevent implant failure and avoid injury to the oral mucosa. Implants were removed 55 days after surgery and the mare was discharged from hospital five days later. The mare returned for cerclage wire removal after 90 days and was allowed to resume exercise thereafter. The combination of two surgical techniques, proper implant choice and appropriate postoperative management, including use of pelleted feed, contributed to successful bone healing and return to function.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Uma égua puro sangue árabe, com 3 anos de idade, pertencente ao rebanho experimental da FMVZ-USP apresentou lesões tumorais cutâneas nos membros pélvicos direito e esquerdo com aproximadamente um ano de evolução. Notou-se nova formação cutânea com crescimento rápido na região do pescoço, e desde então, as lesões dos membros ganharam características inflamatórias. Foi realizada punção aspirativa da lesão do pescoço para análise citológica, em que se identificou infiltrado eosinofílico. Optou-se pelo início de tratamento conservativo com três infiltrações intralesionais consecutivas com corticoesteroide. A partir da falta de sucesso das infiltrações foram realizadas as excisões cirúrgicas totais dos nódulos do pescoço, membro pélvico direito e esquerdo. Todos os materiais obtidos dos procedimentos cirúrgicos foram enviados para avaliação histopatológica e imuno-histoquímica, nas quais se confirmou o diagnóstico de mastocitoma cutâneo. O animal recebeu alta após a cicatrização das feridas cirúrgicas e remissão dos sinais, e não demonstrou recidivas ou outras complicações advindas das lesões tumorais. Algumas neoplasias cutâneas são bem descritas e de comum ocorrência na espécie equina, como o sarcoide, melanoma, papiloma e tumor de células escamosas. Já o mastocitoma cutâneo consiste em neoplasia cutânea rara nessa espécie. Segundo a literatura, não parece existir uma predileção racial para o aparecimento deste tumor, entretanto, alguns autores citam o acometimento maior nos animais Puro Sangue Árabe. Para o estabelecimento do diagnóstico definitivo é importante a associação dos exames físico, histopatológico e imuno-histoquímico e, apesar desta neoplasia ser de raro aparecimento nos equinos, deve ser sempre considerada como diagnóstico diferencial.(AU)

A 3 year-old mare, Arab, that belongs to the experimental herd of FMVZ-USP presented cutaneous tumor lesions on right and left posterior limb with approximately one year of evolution. A new formation with rapid growth was observed on the neck region, and since then, the limbs lesion gained inflammatory characteristics. Aspirative punction was performed on the neck formation in order to submit the sample to cytological analyses, in which eosinophilic infiltrate was identified. At this point, a conservative approach was chosen with three consecutive corticoid infiltrations. With lack of success of infiltrative therapy, neck, right and left posterior limbs lesions were surgically removed. The materials obtained from surgical procedures were sent to histophatological and immunohistrochemical evaluation that confirmed cutaneous mastocytoma diagnosis. The mare was discharged after all surgical wound were healed and after full remission of clinical signs, and did not show relapses or any other complication from tumor lesions. Some cutaneous tumors are well described and commonly occur in horses, such as sarcoids, melanoma, papilloma and squamous cell carcinoma. Cutaneous mastocytoma is considered a rare cutaneous tumor in this species. According to literature, equine mastocytoma do not have breed predilection, however, some authors mention a greater involvement in Purebreed Arabian horses. In order to establish a definitive diagnosis, it is important to associate physical exams to histophatological an immunohistochemical evaluation and, even though rare in horses, this neoplasm must be considered as a differential diagnosis.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

Os cistos paranasais são formações sinusais comuns em equinos. Geralmente provocam deformação do crânio resultando em aumentos de volume facial e distorção das estruturas internas das cavidades nasal e paranasal. Este trabalho relata o caso de um equino acometido por um cisto paranasal, com longo tempo de evolução, causando grande deformação da face, das conchas nasais e alvéolos dentários. Foram descritos os achados dos exames odontológico, radiográfico, endoscópico e histopatológico utilizados para a conclusão do diagnóstico. O tratamento instituído foi a sinusotomia maxilar e retirada do cisto. O caso evoluiu positivamente, com completa remissão do cisto e melhora da qualidade de vida do paciente.(AU)

Paranasal cists are common lesions in horses. Usually causes skull deformations resulting in facial volume enlargments and nasal conchae deformations. This paper reports the case of a horse affected by paranasal cist, with long term evolution, causing large facial and nasal conchae deformity that reached dental alveolus. Findings of the oral cavity, radiographic, endoscopic and histopathological examinations used to conclude the diagnosis were described. The treatment was based on cyst removal trough maxillary sinusotomy. The case evolved positively, with complete cyst remission and improved quality of life.(AU)

Los quistes paranasales son una condición sinusal común en los equinos. Por lo general, causan la deformación del cráneo, lo que resulta en un aumento del volumen facial y Ia distorsión de las estructuras internas de las cavidades nasales y paranasales. Este trabajo reporta el caso de un equino afectado por un quiste paranasal, con un largo periodo de evolución, causando una gran deformación de la cara, conchas nasales, alcanzando los ápices dentales. Se describieron los hallazgos de los exámenes odontológicos, radiográficos, endoscópicos e histopatológicos, utilizados para concluir el diagnóstico. El tratamiento fue instaurado sinusotomía maxilar y extirpación del quiste. El caso evolucionó positivamente, con una remoción completa del quiste y una mejora de la calidad de vida del animal.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

Os cistos paranasais são formações sinusais comuns em equinos. Geralmente provocam deformação do crânio resultando em aumentos de volume facial e distorção das estruturas internas das cavidades nasal e paranasal. Este trabalho relata o caso de um equino acometido por um cisto paranasal, com longo tempo de evolução, causando grande deformação da face, das conchas nasais e alvéolos dentários. Foram descritos os achados dos exames odontológico, radiográfico, endoscópico e histopatológico utilizados para a conclusão do diagnóstico. O tratamento instituído foi a sinusotomia maxilar e retirada do cisto. O caso evoluiu positivamente, com completa remissão do cisto e melhora da qualidade de vida do paciente.

Paranasal cists are common lesions in horses. Usually causes skull deformations resulting in facial volume enlargments and nasal conchae deformations. This paper reports the case of a horse affected by paranasal cist, with long term evolution, causing large facial and nasal conchae deformity that reached dental alveolus. Findings of the oral cavity, radiographic, endoscopic and histopathological examinations used to conclude the diagnosis were described. The treatment was based on cyst removal trough maxillary sinusotomy. The case evolved positively, with complete cyst remission and improved quality of life.

Los quistes paranasales son una condición sinusal común en los equinos. Por lo general, causan la deformación del cráneo, lo que resulta en un aumento del volumen facial y Ia distorsión de las estructuras internas de las cavidades nasales y paranasales. Este trabajo reporta el caso de un equino afectado por un quiste paranasal, con un largo periodo de evolución, causando una gran deformación de la cara, conchas nasales, alcanzando los ápices dentales. Se describieron los hallazgos de los exámenes odontológicos, radiográficos, endoscópicos e histopatológicos, utilizados para concluir el diagnóstico. El tratamiento fue instaurado sinusotomía maxilar y extirpación del quiste. El caso evolucionó positivamente, con una remoción completa del quiste y una mejora de la calidad de vida del animal.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Background: The equine paranasal sinus have a complex anatomy and large compartiments. For this reason, deseasesthat affect these structures may develop for long periods before the animal show any clinical signs, making it difficult tostablish a definitive diagnosis and institute an adequate treatment. Usually, maxillary hematomas reports come from progression of ethmoidal hematomas, and the descriptions of primary maxillary hematomas are rare. This study aims to reportthe clinical features, diagnosis and treatment of a case of a maxillary hematoma not associated with ethmoidal turbinates.Case: An 8-year-old male horse, Mangalarga Paulista, was referred to the Centro de Apoio ao Ensino e Pesquisa FMVZUSP with history of nasal bleeding for over a year. The animal presented deformity on the right side of the face, with significant volume increase on the maxillary bone region and dull sound at percussion, in addition to great painfull sensibilitywhen palpated. The right nare had no airflow, suggesting complete obstruction of the right nasal cavity. In order to betterevaluate, endoscopic and radiographic exams were performed. At the radiographic exam, in ventrodorsal projection, itwas observed an increase of volume and radiopacity, occupying the right antimer of the nasal cavity, with left nasal septum deviation. In the right dorsoventral oblique projection, it was observed the filling of the rostral and caudal maxillarysinus with the content radiopacity as previously described. At endoscopy exam of the right nasal cavity, it was observeda rounded greenish structure on the middle meatus The diagnosis of maxillary paranasal sinus cist was suggested andsurgical removal, through maxillary sinusotomy was recommended. During the surgical procedure...(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

A 3 year-old mare, Arab, that belongs to the experimental herd of FMVZ-USP presented cutaneous tumor lesions on right and left posterior limb with approximately one year of evolution. A new formation with rapid growth was observed on the neck region, and since then, the limbs lesion gained inflammatory characteristics. Aspirative punction was performed on the neck formation in order to submit the sample to cytological analyses, in which eosinophilic infiltrate was identified. At this point, a conservative approach was chosen with three consecutive corticoid infiltrations. With lack of success of infiltrative therapy, neck, right and left posterior limbs lesions were surgically removed. The material obtained from surgical procedures were sent to histophatological and immunohistrochemical evaluation, that confirmed cutaneous mastocytoma diagnosis. The mare was discharged after all surgical wound were healed and after full remission of clinical signs, and did not show relapses or any other complication from tumor lesions. Some cutaneous tumors are well described and commonly occur in horses, such as sarcoids, melanoma, papilloma and squamous cell carcinoma. Cutaneous mastocytoma is considered a rare cutaneous tumor in this species. According to literature, equine mastocytoma do not have breed predilection, however, some authors mention a greater involvement in Purebreed Arabian horses. In order to establish a definitive diagnosis, it is important to associate physical exams to histophatological an immunohistochemical evaluation and, even though rare in horses, this neoplasm must be considered as a differential diagnosis.

Uma égua puro sangue árabe, com 3 anos de idade, pertencente ao rebanho experimental da FMVZ-USP apresentou lesões tumorais cutâneas nos membros pélvicos direito e esquerdo com aproximadamente um ano de evolução. Notou-se nova formação cutânea com crescimento rápido na região do pescoço, e desde então, as lesões dos membros ganharam características inflamatórias. Foi realizada punção aspirativa da lesão do pescoço para análise citológica, em que se identificou infiltrado eosinofílico. Optou-se pelo início de tratamento conservativo com três infiltrações intralesionais consecutivas com corticoesteroide. A partir da falta de sucesso das infiltrações foram realizadas as excisões cirúrgicas totais dos nódulos do pescoço, membro pélvico direito e esquerdo. Todos os materiais obtidos dos procedimentos cirúrgicos foram enviados para avaliação histopatológica e imuno-histoquímica, nas quais se confirmou o diagnóstico de mastocitoma cutâneo. O animal recebeu alta após a cicatrização das feridas cirúrgicas e remissão dos sinais, e não demonstrou recidivas ou outras complicações advindas das lesões tumorais. Algumas neoplasias cutâneas são bem descritas e de comum ocorrência na espécie equina, como o sarcoide, melanoma, papiloma e tumor de células escamosas. Já o mastocitoma cutâneo consiste em neoplasia cutânea rara nessa espécie. Segundo a literatura, não parece existir uma predileção racial para o aparecimento deste tumor, entretanto, alguns autores citam o acometimento maior nos animais Puro Sangue Árabe. Para o estabelecimento do diagnóstico definitivo é importante a associação dos exames físico, histopatológico e imuno-histoquímico e, apesar desta neoplasia ser de raro aparecimento nos equinos, deve ser sempre considerada como diagnóstico diferencial.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Uma égua puro sangue árabe, com 3 anos de idade, pertencente ao rebanho experimental da FMVZ-USP apresentou lesões tumorais cutâneas nos membros pélvicos direito e esquerdo com aproximadamente um ano de evolução. Notou-se nova formação cutânea com crescimento rápido na região do pescoço, e desde então, as lesões dos membros ganharam características inflamatórias. Foi realizada punção aspirativa da lesão do pescoço para análise citológica, em que se identificou infiltrado eosinofílico. Optou-se pelo início de tratamento conservativo com três infiltrações intralesionais consecutivas com corticoesteroide. A partir da falta de sucesso das infiltrações foram realizadas as excisões cirúrgicas totais dos nódulos do pescoço, membro pélvico direito e esquerdo. Todos os materiais obtidos dos procedimentos cirúrgicos foram enviados para avaliação histopatológica e imuno-histoquímica, nas quais se confirmou o diagnóstico de mastocitoma cutâneo. O animal recebeu alta após a cicatrização das feridas cirúrgicas e remissão dos sinais, e não demonstrou recidivas ou outras complicações advindas das lesões tumorais. Algumas neoplasias cutâneas são bem descritas e de comum ocorrência na espécie equina, como o sarcoide, melanoma, papiloma e tumor de células escamosas. Já o mastocitoma cutâneo consiste em neoplasia cutânea rara nessa espécie. Segundo a literatura, não parece existir uma predileção racial para o aparecimento deste tumor, entretanto, alguns autores citam o acometimento maior nos animais Puro Sangue Árabe. Para o estabelecimento do diagnóstico definitivo é importante a associação dos exames físico, histopatológico e imuno-histoquímico e, apesar desta neoplasia ser de raro aparecimento nos equinos, deve ser sempre considerada como diagnóstico diferencial.

A 3 year-old mare, Arab, that belongs to the experimental herd of FMVZ-USP presented cutaneous tumor lesions on right and left posterior limb with approximately one year of evolution. A new formation with rapid growth was observed on the neck region, and since then, the limbs lesion gained inflammatory characteristics. Aspirative punction was performed on the neck formation in order to submit the sample to cytological analyses, in which eosinophilic infiltrate was identified. At this point, a conservative approach was chosen with three consecutive corticoid infiltrations. With lack of success of infiltrative therapy, neck, right and left posterior limbs lesions were surgically removed. The materials obtained from surgical procedures were sent to histophatological and immunohistrochemical evaluation that confirmed cutaneous mastocytoma diagnosis. The mare was discharged after all surgical wound were healed and after full remission of clinical signs, and did not show relapses or any other complication from tumor lesions. Some cutaneous tumors are well described and commonly occur in horses, such as sarcoids, melanoma, papilloma and squamous cell carcinoma. Cutaneous mastocytoma is considered a rare cutaneous tumor in this species. According to literature, equine mastocytoma do not have breed predilection, however, some authors mention a greater involvement in Purebreed Arabian horses. In order to establish a definitive diagnosis, it is important to associate physical exams to histophatological an immunohistochemical evaluation and, even though rare in horses, this neoplasm must be considered as a differential diagnosis.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Background: The equine paranasal sinus have a complex anatomy and large compartiments. For this reason, deseasesthat affect these structures may develop for long periods before the animal show any clinical signs, making it difficult tostablish a definitive diagnosis and institute an adequate treatment. Usually, maxillary hematomas reports come from progression of ethmoidal hematomas, and the descriptions of primary maxillary hematomas are rare. This study aims to reportthe clinical features, diagnosis and treatment of a case of a maxillary hematoma not associated with ethmoidal turbinates.Case: An 8-year-old male horse, Mangalarga Paulista, was referred to the Centro de Apoio ao Ensino e Pesquisa FMVZUSP with history of nasal bleeding for over a year. The animal presented deformity on the right side of the face, with significant volume increase on the maxillary bone region and dull sound at percussion, in addition to great painfull sensibilitywhen palpated. The right nare had no airflow, suggesting complete obstruction of the right nasal cavity. In order to betterevaluate, endoscopic and radiographic exams were performed. At the radiographic exam, in ventrodorsal projection, itwas observed an increase of volume and radiopacity, occupying the right antimer of the nasal cavity, with left nasal septum deviation. In the right dorsoventral oblique projection, it was observed the filling of the rostral and caudal maxillarysinus with the content radiopacity as previously described. At endoscopy exam of the right nasal cavity, it was observeda rounded greenish structure on the middle meatus The diagnosis of maxillary paranasal sinus cist was suggested andsurgical removal, through maxillary sinusotomy was recommended. During the surgical procedure...

Assuntos

RESUMO

Background: Reproductive management in horses when performed with malpractice or by an unqualified person can cause many lesions of various degrees. When the rectum is affected it can compromise the mucous layer of the rectal ampulla and may even cause total perforation of this intestinal segment. Once the rectum ruptured, its contents gets into the abdominal cavity and generates severe abdominal infection, which may cause intense adhesions between organs and even to the abdominal wall and requires a particular intensive intervention. This work reports the use of peritoneal lavage protocol in three horses with septic peritonitis caused by rectal laceration, correlating with post-mortem findings.Cases: Three horses were referred to the Veterinary Hospital Rancho Belo Vista, in the city of Serra - ES, with an accident report during reproductive management in different properties. In all cases, blood loss and loss of continuity of the rectal mucosa were reported by the technicians. Patients were referred at different post-accident times. When they arrived at the hospital, they were examined and a sample of blood and peritoneal fluid were collected and sent to the laboratory. They presented intense apathy, mucosa coloration ranging from hyperemic to pale with halo toxemia, high cardiac and respiratory rate, reduction of globular volume and prolonged time of capillary refill. Patients were given fluid therapy support with lactated Ringers solution and systemic therapy protocols such as antibiotic therapy, peritoneal lavage with antibiotic containing solution and anticoagulant, and other supportive treatments were instituted. Peritoneal lavages were instituted every eight hours, in the first 48 hours and every twelve hours, until five days were completed. All patients had to be sacrificed. Euthanasia occurred at different times according to response to treatment and onset of clinical signs of shock.[...](AU)

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RESUMO

Background: Displaced Abomasum is known for being on of the main illnesses that affect milking cows. Increase in diagnosis of this illness is due to advancement in diagnosis techniques. Increase in incidence of this illness can be explained by genetic selection of animals with high production, breed systems and changes to the diet with a higher level of protein. For laparoscopic treatment, several surgical changes were performed to optimize the procedure and thus achieve better results. The main purpose of this study was to evaluate applicability of the ventral laparoscopic abomasopexy technique, using surgical clamps attached to the suture thread, to milking cows.Materials, Methods & Results: Six adult cows were placed under anesthesia with isoflurane and placed in dorsal decubitus. Animals were kept with no water for 24 h and no food for 48 h. Four laparoscopic accesses were performed. The first one was created with the intention of inspecting the abdominal cavity and the remaining three for access of surgical instruments. Serous membrane of the abomasum was cauterized, combined with suture threads and placed at the greater abomasal curvature. The free part of suture threads was kept out of the abdominal cavity and after traction of the abomasum against the abdominal wall was tied to the skin. Ultrasound exam was performed for abdominal evaluation after abomasopexy. Anesthesia time and surgery time were recorded and analyzes through average and standard deviation (SD). The average anesthesia time recorded was 94 min (SD 14.63 min) and average surgery time was 51 min (SD 14.71 min). The fasting period was considered adequate, however all animals had to undergo intubation with orogastric tube to drain liquids and gas during the procedure. Four of the six animals had lineal adhesion. Three of the four animals that had adhesion did not keep the abomasum at the retroperitoneal area, however viscera movement was stopped in the abdominal cavity.[...](AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

Background: Displaced Abomasum is known for being on of the main illnesses that affect milking cows. Increase in diagnosis of this illness is due to advancement in diagnosis techniques. Increase in incidence of this illness can be explained by genetic selection of animals with high production, breed systems and changes to the diet with a higher level of protein. For laparoscopic treatment, several surgical changes were performed to optimize the procedure and thus achieve better results. The main purpose of this study was to evaluate applicability of the ventral laparoscopic abomasopexy technique, using surgical clamps attached to the suture thread, to milking cows.Materials, Methods & Results: Six adult cows were placed under anesthesia with isoflurane and placed in dorsal decubitus. Animals were kept with no water for 24 h and no food for 48 h. Four laparoscopic accesses were performed. The first one was created with the intention of inspecting the abdominal cavity and the remaining three for access of surgical instruments. Serous membrane of the abomasum was cauterized, combined with suture threads and placed at the greater abomasal curvature. The free part of suture threads was kept out of the abdominal cavity and after traction of the abomasum against the abdominal wall was tied to the skin. Ultrasound exam was performed for abdominal evaluation after abomasopexy. Anesthesia time and surgery time were recorded and analyzes through average and standard deviation (SD). The average anesthesia time recorded was 94 min (SD 14.63 min) and average surgery time was 51 min (SD 14.71 min). The fasting period was considered adequate, however all animals had to undergo intubation with orogastric tube to drain liquids and gas during the procedure. Four of the six animals had lineal adhesion. Three of the four animals that had adhesion did not keep the abomasum at the retroperitoneal area, however viscera movement was stopped in the abdominal cavity.[...]

Assuntos

RESUMO

Background: Reproductive management in horses when performed with malpractice or by an unqualified person can cause many lesions of various degrees. When the rectum is affected it can compromise the mucous layer of the rectal ampulla and may even cause total perforation of this intestinal segment. Once the rectum ruptured, its contents gets into the abdominal cavity and generates severe abdominal infection, which may cause intense adhesions between organs and even to the abdominal wall and requires a particular intensive intervention. This work reports the use of peritoneal lavage protocol in three horses with septic peritonitis caused by rectal laceration, correlating with post-mortem findings.Cases: Three horses were referred to the Veterinary Hospital Rancho Belo Vista, in the city of Serra - ES, with an accident report during reproductive management in different properties. In all cases, blood loss and loss of continuity of the rectal mucosa were reported by the technicians. Patients were referred at different post-accident times. When they arrived at the hospital, they were examined and a sample of blood and peritoneal fluid were collected and sent to the laboratory. They presented intense apathy, mucosa coloration ranging from hyperemic to pale with halo toxemia, high cardiac and respiratory rate, reduction of globular volume and prolonged time of capillary refill. Patients were given fluid therapy support with lactated Ringer’s solution and systemic therapy protocols such as antibiotic therapy, peritoneal lavage with antibiotic containing solution and anticoagulant, and other supportive treatments were instituted. Peritoneal lavages were instituted every eight hours, in the first 48 hours and every twelve hours, until five days were completed. All patients had to be sacrificed. Euthanasia occurred at different times according to response to treatment and onset of clinical signs of shock.[...]

Assuntos