RESUMO
Influenza is a major public health problem that causes acute respiratory infection in humans. Identification of host factors influencing in disease outcome is critical for recognition of individuals with increased risk. Investigations on the role of rs34481144A and rs12252C IFITM3 polymorphisms in influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 severity is not yet conclusively determined. This study aimed to evaluate such polymorphisms frequencies and IFITM3 levels in an infected Brazilian cohort of 314 influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 cases and its putative association with clinical, epidemiological and virological data. Individuals were clinically classified into mild, severe and fatal cases. IFITM3 polymorphisms were detected by specific Taqman probes in real time PCR reactions. IFITM3 levels were determined by quantitative real time PCR. Thus, the different clinical groups presented similar distribution of rs34481144 and rs12252 genotypes and allelic frequencies. There was no significant association between the polymorphisms with severity of disease by using distinct genetic models. Additionally, geographic distribution of mutants showed that rs34481144A allele was more predominant in Brazilian Southern region. In contrast, rs12252C allele presented similar frequencies in all regions. Individuals with the distinct rs34481144 and rs12252 genotypes showed similar levels of IFITM3 and viral load in their respiratory specimens. Furthermore, IFITM3 levels were comparable in the distinct clinical groups and were not correlated with influenza viral load in analyzed samples. Thereby, rs34481144A and rs12252C polymorphisms were not associated with severity or mortality of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 infection nor with IFITM3 transcript levels and influenza viral load in upper respiratory tract samples in a Brazilian cohort.
Assuntos
Vírus da Influenza A Subtipo H1N1 , Influenza Humana , Proteínas de Membrana , Proteínas de Ligação a RNA , Brasil , Predisposição Genética para Doença , Humanos , Vírus da Influenza A Subtipo H1N1/genética , Influenza Humana/genética , Proteínas de Membrana/genética , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único , Proteínas de Ligação a RNA/genéticaRESUMO
A cross-sectional study was conducted in order to identify hepatitis A virus (HAV) serological markers in 418 individuals (mean age, 16.4 years; range, 1 month-80 years) at a public child care center in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, as well as to analyze risk factors and determine circulating genotypes. Serum samples were tested using an enzyme immunoassay. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to detect and characterize HAV RNA, and sequencing was performed. Anti-HAV antibodies and IgM anti-HAV antibodies were detected, respectively, in 89.5% (374/418) and 10.5% (44/418) of the individuals tested. Acute HAV infection in children was independently correlated with crawling (p < 0.05). In 56.8% (25/44) of the IgM anti-HAV-positive individuals and in 33.3% (5/15) of the IgM anti-HAV-negative individuals presenting clinical symptoms, HAV RNA was detected. Phylogenetic analysis revealed co-circulation of subgenotypes IA and IB in 93.3% (28/30) of the amplified samples. In present study, we verify that 79% (30/38) of children IgM anti-HAV-positive were asymptomatic. In child care centers, this asymptomatic spread is a more serious problem, promoting the infection of young children, who rarely show signs of infection. Therefore, vaccinating children below the age of two might prevent the asymptomatic spread of hepatitis A.
Assuntos
Creches/estatística & dados numéricos , Vírus da Hepatite A/imunologia , Hepatite A/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Brasil/epidemiologia , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Hepatite A/diagnóstico , Anticorpos Anti-Hepatite A/sangue , Vacinas contra Hepatite A , Vírus da Hepatite A/genética , Humanos , Imunoglobulina M/sangue , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prevalência , RNA Viral/análise , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Via Transcriptase ReversaRESUMO
A cross-sectional study was conducted in order to identify hepatitis A virus (HAV) serological markers in 418 individuals (mean age, 16.4 years; range, 1 month-80 years) at a public child care center in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, as well as to analyze risk factors and determine circulating genotypes. Serum samples were tested using an enzyme immunoassay. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to detect and characterize HAV RNA, and sequencing was performed. Anti-HAV antibodies and IgM anti-HAV antibodies were detected, respectively, in 89.5 percent (374/418) and 10.5 percent (44/418) of the individuals tested. Acute HAV infection in children was independently correlated with crawling (p < 0.05). In 56.8 percent (25/44) of the IgM anti-HAV-positive individuals and in 33.3 percent (5/15) of the IgM anti-HAV-negative individuals presenting clinical symptoms, HAV RNA was detected. Phylogenetic analysis revealed co-circulation of subgenotypes IA and IB in 93.3 percent (28/30) of the amplified samples. In present study, we verify that 79 percent (30/38) of children IgM anti-HAV-positive were asymptomatic. In child care centers, this asymptomatic spread is a more serious problem, promoting the infection of young children, who rarely show signs of infection. Therefore, vaccinating children below the age of two might prevent the asymptomatic spread of hepatitis A.
Assuntos
Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Creches/estatística & dados numéricos , Vírus da Hepatite A/imunologia , Hepatite A/epidemiologia , Brasil/epidemiologia , Estudos Transversais , Vacinas contra Hepatite A , Anticorpos Anti-Hepatite A/sangue , Vírus da Hepatite A/genética , Hepatite A/diagnóstico , Imunoglobulina M/sangue , Prevalência , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Via Transcriptase Reversa , RNA Viral/análiseRESUMO
O Instituto Butantan desenvolveu uma vacina recombinante contra a hepatitie B (Butang). Visando subsidiar o Programa Nacional de Imunizações (PNI)do Ministério da Saúde quanto à incorporação do produto na rotina de vacinação, foi realizado um ensaio clínico com o objetivo de determinar a imunogenicidade e segurança da vacina Butang em indivíduos menores de 41 anos de idade