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ABSTRACT Purpose: To compare biochemical recurrence, sexual potency and urinary continence outcomes of ablative therapy and radical treatment (radical prostatectomy or radiotherapy with androgen deprivation therapy). Material and methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis followed the PRISMA guidelines were performed. We searched MEDLINE/PubMed. Biochemical recurrence at three and five years; incontinence rate (patients who used one pad or more) and erectile dysfunction rate at 12 and 36 months (patients who did not have sufficient erection to achieve sexual intercourse) were evaluated. The Mantel-Haenszel method was applied to estimate the pooled risk difference (RD) in the individual studies for categorical variables. All results were presented as 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). Random effects models were used regardless of the level of heterogeneity (I²). (PROSPERO CRD42022296998). Results: Eight studies comprising 2,677 men with prostate cancer were included. There was no difference in biochemical recurrence between ablative and radical treatments. We observed the same biochemical recurrence between ablative therapy and radical treatment within five years (19.3% vs. 16.8%, respectively; RD 0.07; 95%CI=-0.05, 0.19; I2=68.2%; P=0.08) and continence rate at 12 months (9.2% vs. 31.8%, respectively; RD −0.13; 95%CI, −0.27, 0.01; I2=89%; P=0.32). When focal treatment was analyzed alone, two studies with 582 patients found higher erectile function at 12 months in the ablative therapy group than in the radical treatment (88.9% vs. 30.8%, respectively; RD −0.45; 95%CI −0.84, −0.05; I2=93%; P=0.03). Conclusion: Biochemical recurrence and urinary continence outcomes of ablative therapy and radical treatment were similar. Ablative therapy appears to have a high rate of sexual potency.
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OBJECTIVE: To describe the trocar disposition, docking angles, surgical times, functional outcomes, and complications experienced during the first 30 surgeries with Hugo RAS platform performed by a high-volume Da Vinci Xi's surgeon. METHODS: Retrospective, observational, descriptive study was performed between May-December 2023. Safety and feasibility of the procedures were evaluated considering console and docking time (minutes), perioperative complications (Clavien-Dindo classification), blood loss (mL), and collision of the arms during the procedures (Yes/No). For radical prostatectomies (RARP) the urinary continence and sexual function were also evaluated. RESULTS: RARP, simple prostatectomies (RASP), partial nephrectomies (RAPN), and cystectomy (RARC) were performed. Trocar placement, docking, and bed assistant ergonomics were important challenges. Patient positioning, trocar placement, and robotic arm positioning had to be adapted. The median console operative time for RARP and RASP was 78 (60-120) minutes and 79 (58-125) minutes, respectively. The median docking time for both RARP and RASP was 10 (5-20) minutes. Of patients undergoing RARP, 94.5% recovered sexual function and no patient used more than one PAD per day after 90days of the surgery. The median console operative and docking time for RAPN was 82 (80-130) minutes and 12 (7-19) minutes, respectively. Blood loss in all patients was less than 200 mL and all none procedure presented major complications. CONCLUSION: For a high-volume surgeon with motivated and well-trained multidisciplinary team, the implementation of HUGO RAS system for urological program is safe and smooth. Adaptations were necessary to achieve equivalent surgical technique and results. Docking position and bed assistant ergonomics are the major challenges.
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Duração da Cirurgia , Prostatectomia , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Robóticos , Humanos , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Robóticos/efeitos adversos , Masculino , Estudos Retrospectivos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prostatectomia/métodos , Idoso , Feminino , Nefrectomia/métodos , Nefrectomia/efeitos adversos , Resultado do Tratamento , Cistectomia/métodos , Cistectomia/efeitos adversos , Estudos de Viabilidade , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Urológicos/métodosRESUMO
PURPOSE: To compare biochemical recurrence, sexual potency and urinary continence outcomes of ablative therapy and radical treatment (radical prostatectomy or radiotherapy with androgen deprivation therapy). MATERIAL AND METHODS: A systematic review and meta-analysis followed the PRISMA guidelines were performed. We searched MEDLINE/PubMed. Biochemical recurrence at three and five years; incontinence rate (patients who used one pad or more) and erectile dysfunction rate at 12 and 36 months (patients who did not have sufficient erection to achieve sexual intercourse) were evaluated. The Mantel-Haenszel method was applied to estimate the pooled risk difference (RD) in the individual studies for categorical variables. All results were presented as 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). Random effects models were used regardless of the level of heterogeneity (I²). (PROSPERO CRD42022296998). RESULTS: Eight studies comprising 2,677 men with prostate cancer were included. There was no difference in biochemical recurrence between ablative and radical treatments. We observed the same biochemical recurrence between ablative therapy and radical treatment within five years (19.3% vs. 16.8%, respectively; RD 0.07; 95%CI=-0.05, 0.19; I2=68.2%; P=0.08) and continence rate at 12 months (9.2% vs. 31.8%, respectively; RD -0.13; 95%CI, -0.27, 0.01; I2=89%; P=0.32). When focal treatment was analyzed alone, two studies with 582 patients found higher erectile function at 12 months in the ablative therapy group than in the radical treatment (88.9% vs. 30.8%, respectively; RD -0.45; 95%CI -0.84, -0.05; I2=93%; P=0.03). CONCLUSION: Biochemical recurrence and urinary continence outcomes of ablative therapy and radical treatment were similar. Ablative therapy appears to have a high rate of sexual potency.
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BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to evaluate the current role of local treatment in prostate cancer with a low metastatic burden (or oligometastatic) in relation to survival and safety. METHODS: We performed a meta-analysis of studies published in the MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases until December 2021. Studies comparing local and nonlocal treatment in patients with metastatic prostate cancer were included. The risk of bias within studies was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa and Cochrane risk of bias tool. Oligo-metastasis was defined as low-volume metastasis with up to five lesions. The local treatment used was radical prostatectomy or external beam radiation therapy associated with systemic therapy (i.e., androgen deprivation therapy ± abiraterone, docetaxel, enzalutamide, or apalutamide). The endpoints evaluated were overall survival, cancer-specific survival, failure-free survival, and complication rates. RESULTS: Thirteen studies including 46,541 patients were included. The 5-year overall survival (16.0% vs. 6.5%, respectively; odds ratio (OR) 2.74; 95% confidence interval (CI), 2.18, 3.44; I2 = 0%; p < .00001) and 3-year cancer-specific survival (48.2% vs. 26.3%, respectively; OR 1.87; 95% CI: 1.44, 2.44; I2 = 0%; p < .00001) were higher in the local treatment group than that of the nonlocal treatment group. In addition, failure-free survival at 3 years was higher in the local treatment group than that of the nonlocal treatment group (40.5% vs. 28.4%, respectively; OR 1.72; 95% CI, 1.38, 2.14; I2 = 0%; p < .00001). The low complication rate of Clavien-Dindo grade ≥3 indicated that local treatment is feasible and safe in this setting. CONCLUSION: Recent data have shown that local treatment combined with systematic therapy, might improve the overall, cancer-specific, and failure-free survivals of patients diagnosed with metastatic prostate cancer. Furthermore, local treatment is both feasible and safe. Further studies evaluating the quality of life of these patients are needed.
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Neoplasias da Próstata , Masculino , Humanos , Neoplasias da Próstata/radioterapia , Antagonistas de Androgênios/uso terapêutico , Qualidade de Vida , Prostatectomia , DocetaxelRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: The best option for lower pole stone management is still under debate. With the recent incorporation of disposable ureteroscopes, discussion on this topic has been renewed. The aim of the present study was to compare the results obtained with flexible disposable ureteroscopes with those obtained using reusable ureteroscopes in the treatment of inferior calyx stones. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A case-control study was carried out using data registered prospectively in a database at our center. The clinical results obtained in two groups of patients were analyzed. In the first group of patients, a reusable flexible fiber-optic ureteroscope (Cobra®, Richard Wolf) was used, and in the second group, a disposable flexible ureteroscope was used (Uscope 3022®, Pusen Medical). The variables analyzed included: operative time, fluoroscopy time, need for postprocedure ureteral catheter, stone-free rate (fragments <1 millimeter) and complications. The results were evaluated using a Student's t test, a Mann-Whitney test and a Fisher's test. RESULTS: There were 31 cases with disposable ureteroscopes and 30 cases with a reusable ureteroscope. Both groups were comparable in their demographic and clinical variables. The characteristics regarding length, width and angle of the infundibulum (measured by retrograde ureteropyelography) were also comparable. There were no differences in the clinical findings with respect to the stone-free rate, need for a ureteral catheter, complications or hospital stay. Significant differences were found in the average surgery time (56.1 vs. 77 minutes; P = 0.01) and in the fluoroscopy time (66.1 vs. 83.4 seconds; P = 0.02), both favoring the use of single use ureteroscopes. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, disposable flexible ureteroscopes have been validated as an option that is in the least equivalent to reusable ureteroscopes based on clinical results. The shorter surgical and fluoroscopy durations are possible advantages considering the high costs associated with time spent in the operating room and the need to reduce ionizing radiation.
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INTRODUCTION: Reusable endoscopes have some limitations regarding their continued use. To sort out these problems, several disposable devices have appeared on the market. Our objective is to show our clinical results with a new digital flexible single-use ureteroscope. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study presents a prospective series of patients who underwent endoscopic surgery as treatment for renal stones using the digital disposable endoscope Uscope 3022™. Demographic, procedure and stone information were registered including surgery time, stone-free rate, need of ureteral catheterization and complications, among others. The behavior of the ureteroscope in terms of image quality and problems associated with flexibility and the working channel were also registered. RESULTS: A total of 71 procedures were included in the analysis. The mean age was 49.9 years old, with 70.4% of male patients. Mean stone size was 11.4 mm (4 to 40 mm). The most frequent stone location was in the lower calyces (28.2%). The stone burden was high (>2 cm) in 8.4% of patients. The mean surgical time was 56.6 minutes (15-180 min). In 94.4% of the cases, a laser was used with dusting parameters. The global stone-free rate (SFR) was 95.2%, but in the subgroups analysis SFR were significantly superior in stones less than 10 mm (97.9%) versus stones between 10 and 20 mm (94.5%) and greater than 20 mm (78.3%) (p <0.01). The postoperative placement of double-J stents was required in 66.2% of patients. Two minor complications were recorded and they were related to the ureteral access sheath used. There were no problems regarding the performance of the ureteroscope. CONCLUSIONS: The clinical data observed in this series does not differ from the results traditionally obtained with other reusable devices. To our knowledge, this series is the first worldwide report evaluating the clinical behavior and results in humans of the Uscope 3022.
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INTRODUCTION: Although 90% of prostate cancer is considered to be localized, 20%-30% of patients will experience biochemical failure (BF), defined as serum PSA >0.2 ng/mL, after radical prostatectomy (RP). The presence of circulating prostate cells (CPCs) in men without evidence of BF may be useful to predict patients at risk for BF. We describe the frequency of CPCs detected after RP, relation with clinicopathological parameters, and association with biochemical failure. METHODS AND PATIENTS: Serial blood samples were taken during followup after RP, mononuclear cells were obtained by differential gel centrifugation, and CPCs identified using standard immunocytochemistry using anti-PSA monoclonal antibodies. Age, pathological stage (organ confined, nonorgan confined), pathological grade, margin status (positive, negative), extracapsular extension, perineural, vascular, and lymphatic infiltration (positive, negative) were compared with the presence/absence of CPCs and with and without biochemical failure. Kaplan Meier methods were used to compare the unadjusted biochemical failure free survival of patients with and without CPCs. RESULTS: 114 men participated, and secondary CPCs were detected more frequently in patients with positive margins, extracapsular extension, and vascular and lymphatic infiltration and were associated with biochemical failure independent of these clinicopathological variables, and with a shorter time to BF. CONCLUSIONS: Secondary CPCs are an independent risk factor associated with increased BF in men with a PSA <0.2 ng/mL after radical prostatectomy, but do not determine if the recurrence is due to local or systemic disease. These results warrant larger studies to confirm the findings.
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Biomarcadores Tumorais/sangue , Células Neoplásicas Circulantes/patologia , Antígeno Prostático Específico/sangue , Prostatectomia/estatística & dados numéricos , Neoplasias da Próstata/sangue , Neoplasias da Próstata/cirurgia , Idoso , Chile/epidemiologia , Humanos , Incidência , Masculino , Prevalência , Prognóstico , Neoplasias da Próstata/epidemiologia , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Medição de Risco , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Falha de Tratamento , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
Introduction. Developments in immunological and quantitative real-time PCR-based analysis have enabled the detection, enumeration, and characterization of circulating tumor cells (CTCs). It is assumed that the detection of CTCs is associated with cancer, based on the finding that CTCs can be detected in all major cancer and not in healthy subjects or those with benign disease. Methods and Patients. Consecutive men, with suspicion of prostate cancer, had blood samples taken before prostate biopsy; mononuclear cells were obtained using differential gel centrifugation and CPCs detecting using anti-PSA immunocytochemistry. Positive samples underwent further classification with anti-P504S. Results. 329 men underwent prostate biopsy; of these men 83 underwent a second biopsy and 44 a third one. Of those with a biopsy negative for cancer, 19/226 (8.4%) had CPCs PSA (+) P504S (-) detected at first biopsy, 6/74 (8.1%) at second biopsy, and 5/33 (15.2%) at third biopsy. Men with cancer-positive biopsies did not have PSA (+) P504S (-) CPCs detected. These benign cells were associated with chronic prostatitis. Conclusions. Patients with chronic prostatitis may have circulating prostate cells detected in blood, which do not express the enzyme P504S and should be thought of as benign in nature.
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Introducción: La obesidad es causa de aumento de complicaciones intra y post operatorias en pacientes sometidos a cirugía convencional. La Nefrectomía Radical Laparoscópica (NRL) es hoy la técnica de elección para el tratamiento del carcinoma de células renales. Nuestro objetivo es evaluar el impacto de la obesidad representado por el Índice de Masa Corporal (IMC) en pacientes sometidos a NRL por cáncer renal. Material y Método: Estudio prospectivo aleatorio de 82 NRL consecutivas, en pacientes con sospecha de cáncer renal, realizadas entre julio del 2001 y agosto del 2005. Los pacientes fueron analizados en 3 grupos según su IMC: Grupo 1: No obesos (IMC menor a 30), Grupo 2: obesos (IMC entre 30 y 35), y Grupo 3: obesos mórbidos (IMC mayor a 35). Correspondieron a 60 hombres y 20 mujeres, con una edad promedio de 60,59 años. Se realizaron 17 NRL mano asistidas y 65 NRL puras. Resultados: El grupo 1 (No obesos) se compone de 55 (67,07 por ciento) pacientes, el grupo 2 (Obesos) de 17 (20,73 por ciento) pacientes, y el grupo 3 (Obesos Mórbidos) de 10 (12,19 por ciento) pacientes. El tiempo operatorio promedio fue de 131,63 minutos, 138,88 minutos, y 141 minutos respectivamente no habiendo diferencias estadísticamente significativas. En cuanto al sangrado promedio, los valores fueron 139,09ml. para el grupo 1, 254 ml. para el grupo 2 y a 137 ml. para el grupo 3; sin diferencias estadísticamente significativas. En 78 pacientes el diagnóstico histológico fue de Hipernefroma, en 4 pacientes no se encontró neoplasia. Todos se encuentran sin progresión de la enfermedad con un seguimiento promedio de 18 meses. Conclusión: No existen diferencias significativas entre pacientes no obesos, obesos y obesos mórbidos con esta técnica. Nuestro estudio demuestra que la NRL es el abordaje de elección en pacientes obesos con cáncer renal.
Introduction: Obesity caused an increased of intra-and post-operative complications in patients undergoing conventional surgery. Laparoscopic radical nephrectomy (LRN) is currently the technique of choice for the treatment of renal cell carcinoma. Our goal is to evaluate the impact of obesity represented by body mass index (BMI) in patients undergoing LRN for renal cancer. Material and Methods: Prospective randomized study of 82 consecutives LRN in patients with suspected renal masses, conducted between July 2001 and August 2005. Patients were analyzed in 3 groups according to their BMI: Group 1: Non-obese (BMI less than 30), Group 2: obese (BMI between 30 and 35) and Group 3: morbidly obese (BMI greater than 35). There was 60 males and 20 females with a mean age of 60.59 years. We make 17 hand assisted LRN and 65 pure LRN. Results: Group 1 (not obese) is composed of 55 (67.07 percent) patients in group 2 (obese) 17 (20.73 percent)patients, and group 3 (morbidly obese) 10 (12, 19 percent) patients. Medium operative time was 131.63 minutes, 138.88 minutes and 141 minutes respectively, no statistically significant differences. As the average bleeding, the values were 139.09 ml. for group 1, 254 ml. for group 2 and 137 ml. For group 3, no statistically significant difference. In 78 patients the histological diagnosis was Hypernephroma and in 4 patients no tumor was found. All patients are free of disease progression with an average of 18 months. Conclusion: No significant differences exist between non-obese patients, obese and morbidly obese with this technique. Our study shows that LRN is the approach of choice in obese patients with kidney cancer.
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Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Laparoscopia/métodos , Nefrectomia/métodos , Neoplasias Renais/cirurgia , Obesidade , Índice de Massa Corporal , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/prevenção & controle , Estudos Prospectivos , Obesidade Mórbida , Peso-EstaturaRESUMO
La nefrectomía radical laparoscópica (NRL) es en la actualidad la vía de abordaje de elección para tumores renales en estadío T1 (<7 cms). Tumores en estadío T2 se presentan como un desafío para esta técnica debido al tamaño tumoral y a la posibilidad de mayores complicaciones intra operatorias. Presentamos nuestra experiencia en NRL en pacientes con tumores renales en estadío T2 (> 7cms). Material y métodos: Análisis prospectivo de 121 pacientes sometidos a NRL por cáncer renal entre julio de 2001 y agosto de 2006. De ellos 40 pacientes se encontraban con tumores renales iguales o mayores de 7 cms (T2). Correspondieron a 32 hombres y 8 mujeres, cuya edad promedio fue 61,6años. El tamaño tumoral promedio al TAC de abdomen fue de 8,84 cms (r: 7-14 cms). Fueron sometidos a NRL transperitoneal pura 36 (90 por ciento) pacientes y mano asistida 4 (10 por ciento).Resultados: Tiempo operatorio promedio: 150,9 minutos (r: 90-300), Sangrado promedio: 283 cc. (r:20-2000). Hubo 3 (7,5 por ciento) complicaciones intra operatorias y 2 (5 por ciento) conversiones. Hubo 3 (7,5 por ciento) complicaciones post operatorias menores y 2 (5 por ciento) mayores. El promedio de hospitalización fue de4,7 días. El análisis anatomopatológico informa estadío pT2 en 24 (60 por ciento) pacientes, pT1 en 5 (12,5 por ciento),pT3a en 7 (17,5por ciento ), pT3b en 3 (7,5por ciento ) y 1 (2,5 por ciento) paciente sin cáncer (Pielonefritis xantogranulomatosafocal). El seguimiento promedio es de 16,1 meses (r: 1-42). En este lapso 2 (5por ciento) pacientes presentaron recidivas locales, uno a los 8 meses post operatorio y otro al mes, este último fallece 8 meses después de la cirugía. Conclusiones: La NRL en tumores renales estadío T2 ha demostrado resultados comparables conlas realizadas en estadío T1, si bien es técnicamente más difícil, se presenta como primera opción en centros con experiencia en cirugía laparoscópica. Si bien esta es la serie más extensa en publicarse en nuestro país,...
Laparoscopic radical nephrectomy (LRP) is currently the preferred approach for T1 renal tumors. Tumors larger than 7 cm are challenging due to their increased size and elevated relation with introoperative complications. Material and methods: A total of 121 patients underwent LRN between July 2001 and August 2006. Out of these, 40 patients presented with T2 tumors (equal or larger than 7 cm). Male to female ratio was 4:1. Mean age was 61.6 years. All but 4 patients (10 percent) underwent transperitoneal LRP.Results: Mean operative time was 150.9 minutes (range 90 to 300), operative bleeding was 283 ml (range 20 to 2000). There were 3 intraoperative complications (7.5 percent) and 2 conversions to open surgery (5 percent). There were 3 (7.5 percent) minor and 2 (5percent) mayor postoperative complications. Mean hospital stay was 4.7 days. Pathological analysis revealed pT1, pT2, pT3a and pT3b in 5 (12.5 percent), 24(60 percent), 7 (17,5 percent) and 3 (7,5 percent) respectively, in 1 (2,5percent) patient there was no tumor in the surgical specimen. Mean follow up was 16.1 months (range 1 to 42). Two patients (5 percent) showed local recurrence, at 1and 8 months respectively. Conclusions: LRP in T2 tumors is technically more difficult, however in experienced hands it can be offered as a first choice. Results are comparable with T1 stage tumors. This is the larges series Publisher in our country, however longer follow-up is mandatory before definite conclusions can be drawn.
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Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Laparoscopia/métodos , Nefrectomia/métodos , Neoplasias da Próstata/cirurgia , Neoplasias da Próstata/patologia , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Estudos ProspectivosRESUMO
Extra-adrenal pheochromocytomas are of rare occurrence. Since first reported laparoscopic adrenalectomy has become the gold standard in the treatment of adrenal tumors, the feasibility of laparoscopic adrenalectomy in the setting of pheochromocytoma has also been established given a careful preoperative planning. Literature on the laparoscopic treatment of extra-adrenal pheochromocytomas is lacking. We report a hypertensive 54-year-old male patient (body mass index, 26.2) with elevated urinary catecholamines and a 6-cm solid mass under the right renal hilum diagnosed after a magnetic resonance. The patient underwent complete transperitoneal laparoscopic excision of the tumor. Recovery was uneventful and final histopathologic examination showed an extra-adrenal pheochromocytoma. We believe that transperitoneal laparoscopic excision of extra-adrenal pheochromocytoma is a feasible and reproducible technique that allows for complete removal of tumoral tissue with low morbidity, shorter hospital stay, and minimal convalescence.
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Neoplasias das Glândulas Suprarrenais/cirurgia , Feocromocitoma/cirurgia , Humanos , Laparoscopia , Angiografia por Ressonância Magnética , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
Chylous ascites is an infrequent complication of retroperitoneal surgery. We describe a patient who suffered massive chylous ascites after simultaneous pneumonectomy and laparoscopic excision of a post-chemotherapy tumor mass. After conservative management failed, exploratory laparoscopy identified the site of the leak, which was clipped and closed with fibrin glue. There has been no recurrence in the ensuing 5 years.
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Ascite Quilosa/etiologia , Ascite Quilosa/cirurgia , Laparoscopia , Excisão de Linfonodo , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/cirurgia , Adolescente , Carcinoma Embrionário/cirurgia , Coriocarcinoma/cirurgia , Humanos , Masculino , Orquiectomia , Pneumonectomia , Espaço Retroperitoneal/cirurgia , Terapia de Salvação/métodos , Teratoma/cirurgia , Neoplasias Testiculares/cirurgiaRESUMO
Nuestro objetivo es describir un caso clínico de perforación vesical intraperitoneal secundario a la utilización del láser de Neodimio:YAG en una paciente con cistitis actínica hemorrágica secundaria a tratamiento curativo de un cáncer cérvico-uterino. Revisamos también los motivos técnicos y anatómicos que explican esta rara y grave complicación en el uso terapéutico de la energía láser.
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Humanos , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Terapia a Laser/efeitos adversos , Terapia a Laser/métodos , Terapia a Laser , Ruptura/complicações , Bexiga Urinária/lesõesRESUMO
PURPOSE: We present our initial experience with the laparoscopic Boari flap for long ureteral strictures. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Nine patients underwent a laparoscopic Boari flap procedure at our institution. Eight patients had 4 to 7 cm distal ureteral strictures on excretory urogram and retrograde pyelogram, and 1 had transitional cell carcinoma in the distal right ureter. We analyzed our intraoperative parameters with regard to operative time and intraoperative complications. The operative results assessed were hospital stay, renal function, symptomatic improvement and radiological studies. The patient with ureteral transitional cell carcinoma was excluded from analysis because ureteral stricture etiology differed from that in the other 8. RESULTS: Mean operative time was 156.6 minutes. Mean estimated blood loss was 124 cc. There were no intraoperative complications. Mean hospital stay was 3 days. At a mean followup of 17.6 months all patients were symptom-free and had an unobstructed ureterovesical anastomosis on followup excretory urogram. One surgical postoperative complication resolved laparoscopically. CONCLUSIONS: The laparoscopic Boari flap is a feasible alternative surgical technique in patients with long distal ureteral strictures. Larger series with longer followup are needed to validate these results vs the standard open technique.
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Laparoscopia , Retalhos Cirúrgicos , Obstrução Ureteral/cirurgia , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Urológicos/métodos , Adulto , Idoso , Criança , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
Introducción: El reemplazo del uréter por un asa desfuncionalizada de íleon fue reportado por primera vez hace más de cien años. En las últimas décadas sus indicaciones y el conocimiento de las técnicas para su utilización se han ampliado enormemente. Material y Método: Se efectúa una revisión de las indicaciones, técnica quirúrgica complicaciones del uréter ileal, a partir del reporte de tres casos clínicos de uso de un segmento de íleon como reemplazo ureteral. Resultados: Entre el año 2001 y 2003, tres pacientes (promedio 28 años de edad) recibieron un segmento de íleon como subtitulo de un uréter severamente dañado. Durante el período de seguimiento (promedio 22 meses) no se objetivaron complicaciones graves derivadas del procedimiento, la necesidad de realizar una nueva diversión urinaria, evidencia de deterioro renal o mortalidad. Conclusiones: El intestino constituye un recurso indiscutible al que puede recurrir el urólogo en su práctica quirúrgica reconstructiva. El uso de un segmento desfuncionalizado de íleon como reemplazo de un uréter dañado, proporciona una alternativa terapéutica segura y reproducible, de proveer el riñón de un drenaje a baja presión, no obstructivo, que preserve la función renal.
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Adulto , Masculino , Humanos , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Íleo/transplante , Ureter/cirurgia , Anastomose Cirúrgica , Chile , Doenças Ureterais/cirurgia , Seguimentos , Complicações Pós-Operatórias , Procedimentos de Cirurgia Plástica/métodos , Resultado do Tratamento , Derivação UrináriaAssuntos
Íleo/lesões , Perfuração Intestinal/etiologia , Laparoscópios , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Minimamente Invasivos/instrumentação , Polipropilenos , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/etiologia , Implantação de Prótese , Telas Cirúrgicas , Incontinência Urinária por Estresse/cirurgia , Idoso , Remoção de Dispositivo , Feminino , Humanos , Íleo/cirurgia , Agulhas , Retocele/cirurgia , Reoperação , Aderências Teciduais , Doenças da Bexiga Urinária/cirurgiaRESUMO
It has been suggested that the sympathetic nervous system contributes to the short-term control of feeding. The adrenergic innervation of some splanchnic organs seems to be especially involved in such processes, since catecholamines reduce feeding only when injected intraperitoneally or intraportally. In this work, the effects of neonatal sympathetic denervation with guanethidine (Gnt) upon food intake were assessed in adult rats. Gnt-treated male rats had lower body weight gain. The hypophagic response to intraperitoneal (ip) norepinephrine was 70% higher in Gnt-treated animals as compared to controls (P < 0.05); that of epinephrine (E) by 33% (P < 0.05) and that of isoproterenol was not significantly modified. As in normal rats, the hypophagic effect was much stronger after ip than after intramuscular (im) administration (P < 0.05). On the other hand, resting oxygen consumption (VO2) was consistently lower in denervated animals. Ip E administration did not modify VO2, while im E caused increased motor activity and VO2 (P < 0.05). In contrast to control rats, the respiratory exchange ratio in ad libitum fed Gnt rats did not decrease after Ip E administration, suggesting a lack of effect upon lipid mobilization. The lower rate of body weight gain induced by neonatal Gnt sympathectomy might be due to lower daily food intake possibly related, in part, to the sensitization of the alpha-adrenergic porto-hepatic response to endogenous catecholamines. Compared with controls, Gnt-treated rats also showed a limited thermogenic capacity not related to feeding, and a greater degree of carbohydrate oxidation, possibly due to a defect in E-induced lipolysis, which is beta-adrenergic.