RESUMO
Objective. To determine the prevalence of domestic violence in a sample of pregnant women attending Primary Health Centers in Peñalolén (Peñalolén is a low income district in the Metropolitan Region in Santiago de Chile.), to explore risk facts for domestic violence during pregnancy, and to establish associations with their psychological health. Method and Materials. 256 pregnant women were assessed with a domestic violence screening and a questionnaire on mental symptoms. Frequency and correlations analysis were developed. Results. 5, 9% of the participants reported physical violence during current pregnancy. Emotional violence ascended to 30, 1% of the cases. Main risk facts found were as follows: having suffered violence along lifetime and physical violence during the last year. Anxiety and depressive symptoms positively correlated to domestic violence during pregnancy, but also to previous domestic violence experiences. Conclusions. Domestic violence during pregnancy is a prevalent problem and domestic violence history constitutes an alert to its occurrence. Positive and significant association to psychological disturbances suggests the need to detect it early during antenatal care.
RESUMO
The aim of this in vitro study was to compare the tensile bond strength of 3 different bonding systems, associated to composite resins, bonded to dentinal surfaces. Forty-four dentinal surfaces were obtained from recently extracted human molars. A standardized smear layer was obtained and the surfaces were divided in 3 groups: G1) self etch + microhybrid composite; G2) single-component adhesive + phosphoric acid + microhybrid composite and G3) conventional system (acid + primer + bond) + microhybrid composite. Specimens made of composite resin were constructed in the shape of an inverted truncated cone with 3 mm of diameter. Tensile bond strength test was performed at the speed of 0.5 mm/min, and the results were expressed in MPa. The analysis of variance ANOVA (p < 0.05) determined that the type of bonding system used influenced tensile bond strength. Tukey's test, however, showed that the results of the comparison between G2 and G3 were the only statistically significant ones, with G2 showing greater values of tensile bond strength.
Assuntos
Resinas Compostas , Colagem Dentária , Adesivos Dentinários , Humanos , Técnicas In Vitro , Resistência à TraçãoRESUMO
In this study, the superficial roughness of two composite resins classified as condensable and of a traditional hybrid composite resin was analyzed after different polishing techniques. Test specimens were confected, immersed in distilled water for 24 hours and submitted to two different techniques of superficial treatment, in which disc systems (Sof-Lex and Super Snap) and silicon tips (Enhance) were utilized. The results revealed the greater superficial roughness of Alert, when compared with Solitaire and Degufill Mineral--no statistically significant differences were observed between the last two materials. The superficial roughness of the specimens polished with Enhance tips was greater than that of the specimens polished with discs and there were no statistically significant differences between both disc systems.
Assuntos
Resinas Compostas , Cimentos Dentários , Polimento Dentário/métodos , Restauração Dentária Permanente , Fluoretos , Propriedades de SuperfícieRESUMO
The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate marginal microleakage in class V preparations submitted to treatment with Er:YAG laser and restored with aesthetic materials. Sixty human molars were selected and class V cavities were prepared on the buccal and lingual aspects of their cervical thirds. The restorative technique followed the instructions of the manufacturers. The samples were divided in 3 groups of 20 teeth each: Group 1--control; Group 2--Er:YAG laser was applied on the enamel margin before the restoration was placed; Group 3--a thin layer of calcium hydroxide was applied on the axial wall before the restoration was placed. Each group was divided in 4 sub-groups and the teeth were restored with different aesthetic materials. All samples were submitted to thermocycling and stained with 50% silver nitrate. Based on the obtained results, we could conclude that there are statistically significant differences between the 12 experimental conditions tested. The samples which presented the greatest microleakage were those treated with Er:YAG laser and restored with light-cured glass ionomer cement, followed by those that received Er:YAG laser and the sandwich technique, the cavities restored with light-cured glass ionomer cement and those restored by means of the sandwich technique, in this order.
Assuntos
Resinas Compostas , Colagem Dentária , Cárie Dentária/terapia , Infiltração Dentária/diagnóstico , Cimentos de Ionômeros de Vidro , Terapia a Laser , Érbio , Humanos , Dente Molar , ÍtrioRESUMO
Since bonding systems were introduced in the restorative procedures carried out with esthetic materials, the treatment of dentin surfaces has been widely studied in order to establish the ideal technique. The application of 37% phosphoric acid on dentin is still the best known method. However, alternative methods for treating the dentin surface have been discussed in the literature, including the utilization of some kinds of laser irradiation. The purpose of this research was to morphologically evaluate the bond between adhesive materials and the dentin treated with Er:YAG and Nd:YAG lasers, in a comparative study by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Irradiation either substituted acid etching, or was associated to it. Recently extracted bovine incisors were utilized. They received class V cavity preparations and were restored with a bonding system and a light-cured composite resin. Meanwhile, some of the teeth underwent irradiation with Er:YAG laser or Nd:YAG laser before the application of the bonding agent and the composite resin. The samples were selected, prepared for SEM and submitted to morphological analysis. Data were registered in photomicrographs. Based on the microscopic observations, we concluded that only in the dentin surfaces submitted to irradiation with Er:YAG laser and to acid conditioning there was penetration of resin into the dentine. With the Nd:YAG laser treatment, there was only visual superposition of resin over the dentin surface, which suggests that there was only occlusion of the tubules, with characteristics of fusion in the superficial dentine.
Assuntos
Cimentos Ósseos/efeitos da radiação , Resinas Compostas/efeitos da radiação , Colagem Dentária , Dentina/efeitos da radiação , Lasers , Animais , Bovinos , Dentina/ultraestrutura , Érbio , Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura , Neodímio , ÍtrioRESUMO
Estudamos os niveis sericos de glicose, HbA1c, alfa2 e beta globulinas em 46 mulheres entre 51 e 70 anos, para observar sua correlacao com o perfil lipidico no diabetes mellitus nao insulino dependente, para tentar estabelecer uma associacao entre a hiperlipemia e o controle glicemico inadequado. Dentre os parametros estudados o colesterol total, o HDL-colesterol e os triglicerides se correlacionaram positivamente com a glicemia e as proteinas glicadas nas diabeticas tipo II, o que pode ressaltar o efeito da hiperglicemia no metabolismo lipidico. No nosso estudo houve uma diminuicao de 20 por cento nos niveis de HDL-Col. nas mulheres diabeticas quando comparadas com o grupo controle nao diabetico. Este decrescimo se acentua com a obesidade. Estas diabeticas apresentaram um nivel pouco alterado de colesterol total, com media geral de 243 mg/dl com um risco maior para os problemas cardiovasculares. Observamos tambem um aumento de 2 vezes a media dos niveis de triglicerides, quando comparados com a populacao controle de mesmo sexo, idade e peso semelhantes
Assuntos
Adulto , Feminino , Diabetes Mellitus , Hiperglicemia , HiperlipidemiasRESUMO
IgE, IgG and mast cell responses were studied in rats infected weekly with 10 larvae of Nippostrongylus brasiliensis (NB). Worm recovery at 8 weeks of repeated infections was six-fold greater than that of a single infection with 10 larvae, suggesting the accumulation of worms during the repeated infections. Total serum IgE was increased after 2 weeks of infection, and further increased after repeated infections: at 6 weeks of infection the level was four to six times higher than that after a single infection. Anti-NB IgG1 levels were also significantly higher after repeated infections than after a single infection. On the other hand, there was no significant difference in the level of anti-NB IgE between single and repeated infections, as determined by ELISA, as well as by passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) reaction. Mastocytosis was induced in the small intestine after both single and repeated infections, but the levels did not differ between the two. These results indicate that total IgE and specific IgG1 production are augmented by repeated helminth infections, but specific IgE and mast cell responses are not. This pattern of response may minimize the development of IgE-dependent hypersensitivity reactions with repeated helminth infections.
Assuntos
Especificidade de Anticorpos/imunologia , Imunoglobulina E/imunologia , Imunoglobulina G/imunologia , Mastócitos/imunologia , Nippostrongylus/imunologia , Infecções por Strongylida/imunologia , Animais , Anticorpos Anti-Helmínticos/imunologia , Antígenos de Helmintos/imunologia , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática , Contagem de Leucócitos , Masculino , Mastocitose/imunologia , Nippostrongylus/isolamento & purificação , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Organismos Livres de Patógenos EspecíficosRESUMO
Through a clinical situation is shown the technique for the placement of a porcelain bonded veneer. Its significance with in the Esthetic Restorative Dentistry, advantages and disadvantages are emphasised. Together with the clinical procethe laboratorial steps are also shown. It was concluded that the bonded porcelain veneers are new options for a Restorative Dentistry more conservative with excellent esthetic results.
Assuntos
Porcelana Dentária , Facetas Dentárias , Condicionamento Ácido do Dente , Adulto , Colagem Dentária , Preparo da Cavidade Dentária , Restauração Dentária Permanente/métodos , Humanos , Incisivo , Masculino , Descoloração de Dente/reabilitaçãoRESUMO
The obtention of a working model and the preparation of the die must be developed with great care and attention to detail. Based on these principles, a study was conducted referring to the different kinds of special plasters or die plasters available on the market, with respect to dimensional alterations, as well as an investigation of the dimensional behavior of special plasters in the presence of two additives. The results shows that Vel-mix had the greatest difference. All the special plasters brands showed alterations when the Gypsum Hardener were used. These alterations did not occur with sodium chloride.