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ABSTRACT Background: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common disease in childhood and one of the most common causes of consultation in the pediatric emergency department. Its incidence ranges between 5% and 10% in children under 2 years old. Objective: To generate recommendations on the diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of UTI in pediatric patients in Colombia. Methods: 15 questions of clinical interest in the diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of UTI in pediatric patients were formulated. A systematic review of the literature was carried out to identify the clinical practice guidelines (CPG) available in UTI, in order to use this evidence to answer the proposed questions and articulate the recommendations. Local and international tools were used to select and evaluate the CPGs. Information was retrieved from the selected guidelines, preliminary recommendations were compiled, and final recommendations were approved by expert consensus. Finally, the strength and direction of each recommendation was assessed. Results: A total of 4 CPGs were selected: American Academy of Pediatrics, Spanish Ministry of Health, McTaggart, and National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Final recommendations for the diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of UTI are presented in this paper. Conclusions: These recommendations will guide the teams to make clinical decisions regarding health care of pediatric patients with UTI in Colombia. This will help to improve health care and to generate policies for timely diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up in these patients.
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INTRODUCTION: Burnout syndrome is a major cause of decreased life quality, mental health, and productivity for physicians. It is strongly related to work overload and has been a scarcely studied topic in pediatric urology. During the COVID-19 pandemic, authorities' recommendations have led to big changes in pediatric urology practice worldwide. This study aimed to evaluate the level of burnout in Ibero-American pediatric urologists (IPUs) during this pandemic. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted by applying an electronic survey during the COVID-19 pandemic peak to members of the two major associations of pediatric urology in Ibero-America (the Ibero-American Society of Pediatric Urology [SIUP] and the Brazilian School of Pediatric Urology [BSPU]) to evaluate demographic, pre-pandemic, and pandemic data. Burnout levels were assessed using the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI) questionnaire. RESULTS: A response rate of 40% was obtained (182 out of 455 IPU respondents). Participants were from 14 different countries in Ibero-America and 75.4% were male. Data showed that during the pandemic there was a significant decrease in weekly workload, that is: > 40 h per week (h/w) (91.4%-44.6%, p < 0.001); and >6 h/w (94.9%-45.1%%, p < 0.001) in operating room time (ORT). Personal (Pe-BO), work-related (W-BO), and patient-related (Pa-BO) burnout levels among IPUs were 26.3%, 22.3%, and 7.4%, respectively (Summary table). An important difference by gender was seen, with women suffering more from the syndrome (odds ratio of 2.67 [95% confidence interval, 1.285.58; p = 0.013] for Pe-BO and OR of 3.26 [95% CI, 1.52-7.01; p = 0.004] for W-BO). CONCLUSION: A significant decrease in workload for IPU during the pandemic was observed, as well as a low level of burnout syndrome during this time. However, the predominance of burnout in women found in this study is notable.