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Objective: Y chromosome Microdeletions are the second genetic cause of infertility in men. Despite its importance for infertility treatment, there is no previous research in Peru. The aim of this study was to determine the frequencies and characteristics of Y chromosome microdeletions in a group of men who sought infertility consultation at a specialized reproductive medicine center in Peru. Methods: In this study, 201 semen samples were analyzed. The samples were obtained from Niu Vida's fertility program. Each seminal sample was analyzed according to the recommendations of the Laboratory Manual of the World Health Organization (WHO) 2010. A buccal swab and a 500 µL aliquot of seminal sample were used for the molecular study of Y chromosome microdeletions in each patient. The frequencies and the type of Y chromosome microdeletion in the AZFa, AZFb and AZFc regions were evaluated. Results: The prevalence of Y chromosome microdeletions in the AZF region was 6.45% in oligozoospermic and azoospermic patients, and a prevalence of 20% was observed specifically in azoospermic patients. No microdeletions of AZFb type were detected. A partial region microdeletion of AZFa was detected in a teratozoospermic patient with a normal sperm count. Conclusions: The study represents the first report on the incidence of Y chromosome microdeletions in Peru. Our results indicate a high prevalence of microdeletions in azoospermic patients compared to similar studies. It is suggested to assess the presence of AZFa microdeletions and to evaluate additional genetic markers in this region to identify specific mutations that may cause impaired sperm production and male infertility in the Peruvian male population.
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An annotated checklist of the cestode parasites of Argentinean wild birds is presented, as the result of a compilation of parasitological papers published between 1900 and April 2021. This review provides data on hosts, geographical distribution, sites of infection, location of material deposited in helminthological collections, references and taxonomic comments. A host/parasite list is also provided. During this period, 38 papers were published that gather information about 34 cestode nominal species and 11 taxa identified at generic level, belonging to three orders, ten families and 35 genera. The highest number of cestode taxa was recorded in the family Hymenolepididae, with 12 nominal species and two taxa identified at generic level, followed by Dilepididae, with eight nominal species and three taxa identified at generic level. Of the 1042 species of birds reported in Argentina, only 29 (2.8%) were reported as hosts of adult cestodes. The families of birds with the highest number of reported taxa were Laridae and Anatidae, with 20 and 14 taxa, respectively.
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Cestoides , Infecções por Cestoides/veterinária , Animais , Argentina/epidemiologia , Doenças das Aves , Aves , Lista de ChecagemRESUMO
Two-dimensional pentagonal structures based on the Cairo tiling are the basis of a family of layered materials with appealing physical properties. In this work we present a theoretical study of the symmetry-based electronic and optical properties of these pentagonal materials. We provide a complete classification of the space groups that support pentagonal structures for binary and ternary systems. By means of first-principles calculations, the electronic band structures and the local spin textures in momentum space are analyzed for four examples of these materials, namely, PdSeTe, PdSeS, InP5 and GeBi2, all of which are dynamically stable. Our results show that pentagonal structures can be realized in chiral and achiral lattices with Weyl nodes pinned at high-symmetry points and nodal lines along the Brillouin zone boundary; these degeneracies are protected by the combined action of crystalline and time-reversal symmetries. Additionally, we computed the linear and nonlinear optical features of the proposed pentagonal materials and discuss some particular features such as the shift current, which shows an enhancement due to the presence of nodal lines and points, and their possible applications.
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Fungi represent a group of eukaryotic microorganisms that are an important part of the plant microbiome. They produce a vast array of metabolites, including fungal volatile organic compounds (fVOCs). However, the diversity and biological activities of fVOCs emitted by the mycobiota of plants native to arid and semi-arid environments remain under-explored. We characterized the chemical diversity of fVOCs produced by 22 representative members of the microbiome of agaves and cacti using SPME-GC-MS. We further tested the effects of pure compounds on the growth and development of Arabidopsis thaliana and host plants. Members of the Sordariomycetes (nine strains), Eurotiomycetes (three), Dothideomycetes (eight), Saccharomycetes (one) and Mucoromycetes (one) were included in our study. We identified 94 fungal organic volatiles classified into nine chemical classes. Terpenes showed the greatest chemical diversity, followed by alcohols and aliphatic compounds. We discovered that camphene and benzyl benzoate, together with the widely distributed and already tested benzyl alcohol, 2-phenylethyl alcohol and 3-methyl-1-butanol, improved plant growth and development of A. thaliana, Agave tequilana and Agave salmiana. Our studies on the fungal VOCs from desert plants underscore an untapped chemical diversity with promising biotechnological applications.
Assuntos
Arabidopsis , Ascomicetos , Microbiota , Compostos Orgânicos Voláteis , Desenvolvimento VegetalRESUMO
Resumen Introducción: Las lesiones duodenales son infrecuentes. Objetivo: Caracterizar a los pacientes con lesiones duodenales observados entre enero de 2008 y diciembre de 2013 en el Servicio de Salud Metropolitano Sur, en Santiago de Chile. Materiales y Método: Se obtuvieron los datos de los registros del Hospital Barros Luco Trudeau y Hospital El Pino. Los pacientes incluidos fueron los observados entre enero de 2008 y diciembre de 2013. Se analizaron edad, género, características clínicas, localización, métodos diagnósticos, hallazgos anatomopatológicos y tratamiento. El 24 de abril de 2019 se obtuvo la fecha de fallecimiento de todos los pacientes del Registro Civil. El análisis estadístico se realizó con el software STATA 15.1. Resultados: Se encontraron 157 pacientes con lesiones duodenales, 65 presentaron adenocarcinoma duodenal y 71 pacientes pólipos duodenales, 25 de ellos fueron adenomas. Análisis univariado de sobrevida evidenció que los pacientes con pólipos asociado a carcinoma y los adenocarcinomas duodenales, presentaron una sobrevida inferior (p = 0,013, HR 6,584 y p < 0,001, HR 7,604, respectivamente). En los pacientes con adenocarcinoma duodenal, aquellos que se sometieron a una cirugía con intención curativa, y aquellos que recibieron quimioterapia tuvieron una sobrevida global mejor que aquellos que no recibieron terapia (p < 0,001, HR 0,351 y p = 0,001, HR 0,276, respectivamente. Discusión: La incidencia estimada del adenocarcinoma duodenal en nuestra población es de 1,1 por cada 100.000 habitantes, la que es más alta que otras publicadas. Proponemos estudio endoscópico en poblaciones de riesgo y tratamiento con intención curativa para los pacientes con adenocarcinoma duodenal sin metástasis a distancia.
Introduction: Duodenal lesions are infrequent. Aim: To characterize patients with duodenal lesions observed between January 2008 and December 2013 at the Southern Metropolitan Health Service, in Santiago, Chile. Materials and Method: Data were obtained from the Barros Luco Trudeau Hospital and El Pino Hospital records. The patients included were those observed between January 2008 and December 2013. Age, gender, clinical characteristics, location, diagnostic methods, anatomopathological findings and treatment were analyzed. On April 24th 2019 was obtained the date of death of all patients at the National Civil Registry. The statistical analysis was performed with the software STATA 15.1. Results: 157 patients with duodenal lesions were found, 65 presented duodenal adenocarcinoma and 71 patients had duodenal polyps, 25 of them were adenomas. Univariate analysis of survival showed that patients with polyps associated with carcinoma and duodenal adenocarcinomas had a lower survival rate (p = 0.013, HR 6.584 y p < 0.001, HR 7.604, respectively). In patients with duodenal adenocarcinoma, those who underwent surgery with curative intent, and those who receive chemotherapy had a better overall survival than those who did not received therapy (p < 0.001, HR 0.351 y p = 0.001, HR 0.276, respectively). Discussion: We propose endoscopic study in at-risk populations and treatment with curative intent for patients with duodenal adenocarcinoma without distant metastases. The estimated incidence of duodenal adenocarcinoma in our population is 1.1 per 100,000 inhabitants and seem to be higher than other published.
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Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Neoplasias Duodenais/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Duodenais/epidemiologia , Taxa de Sobrevida , Estudos de Coortes , Distribuição por Sexo , Distribuição por IdadeRESUMO
In March 2011, a predator killed 33 hooded grebes, Podiceps gallardoi Rumboll (Podicipedidae), a critically endangered species, in a nesting colony at El Cervecero Lake, Santa Cruz Province, Argentina. The viscera of ten birds were examined for helminths. Two new species of Trematoda were recovered from the intestines. The plagiorchid Plagiorchis patagonensis n. sp. is mainly characterized by the larger size of the oral sucker relative to the ventral sucker, and by the distribution of the vitellarium in two lateral fields, confluent between the caecal bifurcation and the ventral sucker. The echinostomatid Euparyphium tobianum n. sp. is mainly characterized by possessing a head collar with 37-39 spines (4 angle spines on each ventral lappet, 4 lateral spines in a single row on each side, and 21-23 dorsal spines in a double row). An unidentified cestode, a tetramerid nematode and a notocotylid trematode were also recovered from the birds. This is the first record of helminths parasitizing the hooded grebe.
Assuntos
Biodiversidade , Doenças das Aves/parasitologia , Helmintíase Animal/parasitologia , Helmintos/classificação , Helmintos/isolamento & purificação , Estruturas Animais/parasitologia , Animais , Argentina/epidemiologia , Doenças das Aves/epidemiologia , Aves , Helmintíase Animal/epidemiologia , Helmintos/anatomia & histologia , MicroscopiaRESUMO
Introduction: The American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry considers that people with disabilities have a higher risk of developing oral diseases. Objectives: To establish the prevalence of caries in 4 and 5 year-old children with disabilities attending Instituto Teletón in Santiago, and determine the association with oral hygiene habits and frequency of visits to the Baby Clinic (preventive program from the first year of life). Patients and Method: A descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried out with 101, 4 and 5 year-old children with disabilities and active dental treatment in Instituto Teletón in Santiago. The presence of caries was assessed between October and December 2015, according to WHO criteria. Data obtained were recorded in a patient assessment form. Legal tutors completed a survey on hygiene habits and the clinical record was reviewed to account for the visits made to the Baby Clinic. Results: Prevalence of caries was 27.7 percent with an average DMFT index of 2.71 (CI 95 percent:1.89-3.74). A significant association was established between this index, and age and attendance to the Baby Clinic (p < 0.05), but not with hygiene habits (p > 0.05). Conclusions: The DMFT index obtained is similar to that of healthy patients of the same age in other studies at national level. Age and attendance to dental controls in the Baby Clinic are determining factors of caries in children with disabilities.
Introducción: La Academia Americana de Odontología Pediátrica considera que las personas en situación de discapacidad tienen un riesgo mayor de desarrollar enfermedades bucodentales. Objetivos: Determinar la prevalencia de caries en niños de 4 y 5 años en situación de discapacidad atendidos en Instituto Teletón Santiago, y establecer asociación con hábitos de higiene y frecuencia de visitas a la Clínica del bebé (Programa preventivo desde el primer año de vida). Pacientes y Método: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, transversal, con 101 pacientes de 4 y 5 años de edad, en situación de discapacidad y tratamiento odontológico activo en Instituto Teletón Santiago. Se evaluó presencia de caries entre los meses de octubre y diciembre 2015 según los criterios de la OMS. Los datos obtenidos se registraron en un formulario de evaluación de pacientes. El tutor legal completó una encuesta de hábitos de higiene y se revisó la ficha clínica para determinar visitas a la Clínica del bebé. Resultados: Se obtuvo una prevalencia de caries del 27,7 por ciento con un índice c.e.o.d. promedio de 2,71 (IC 95 por ciento:1,89-3,74). Se estableció una relación significativa entre éste y edad y asistencia a la Clínica del bebé (p < 0,05), pero no para hábitos de higiene (p > 0,05). Conclusiones: El c.e.o.d obtenido es similar a pacientes sanos de la misma edad de otros estudios nacionales. La edad y la asistencia a controles dentales en la Clínica del bebé son factores determinantes para la caries dental de niños en situación de discapacidad.
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Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pré-Escolar , Cárie Dentária/epidemiologia , Índice CPO , Higiene Bucal , Pessoas com Deficiência/estatística & dados numéricos , Chile , Estudos Transversais , Epidemiologia Descritiva , Prevalência , Escovação DentáriaRESUMO
In order to determine the effect of a dam on metal concentrations in riverine fish species, we studied fish inhabiting the influent (Cachapoal River) and effluent (Rapel River) of the Rapel Reservoir in central Chile. Heavy metals were quantified in gills, liver and muscle of the catfish Trichomycterus areolatus and the silverside Basilichthys microlepidotus. Also, the bioaccumulation index (BAI) was estimated by considering heavy metal concentrations obtained from water and sediment. Results showed the presence of Al, Cu, Fe, Mn, Pb and Zn in the fish organs. The analysis showed high metal concentrations in catfish inhabiting the influent compared to those collected in the effluent. These results indicate a possible filter effect of the dam for most of the metals identified in the fish organs, because metal concentrations decreased in the effluent. Finally, catfish exhibited a larger BAI for most metals analyzed.
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Peixes-Gato/metabolismo , Metais Pesados/análise , Smegmamorpha/metabolismo , Poluentes Químicos da Água/análise , Animais , Chile , Água Doce , Brânquias/química , Músculos/química , RiosRESUMO
Introduction: Hepatic resection is the standard treatment for the liver tumors and in most cases the only potentially curative option. The most feared complication, in the major hepatic resection, is the postoperative liver failure. A new technique has recently been published in the literature: Liver partition associated to a portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy. This technique allows an accelerated hipertrophy of the remnant liver, facilitates greater resection surgery, reducing the risk of postoperative hepatic ischemia. The results reported in the literature are promising. We report the first case in Chile with its evolution to 2 years and a discussion about the topic.
La resección hepática es el tratamiento estándar para los tumores hepáticos malignos y en la mayoría de los casos la única opción potencialmente curativa. La complicación más temida, en las grandes resecciones, es la insuficiencia hepática postquirúrgica. Una nueva técnica ha sido recientemente publicada en la literatura: La partición hepática asociada a la ligadura de la vena portal para realizar una hepatectomía por etapas. Esta técnica permite una hipertrofia acelerada del hígado remanente que posibilita una cirugía resectiva mayor, disminuyendo el riesgo de isquemia hepática postquirúrgica. Los resultados expuestos en la literatura son promisorios. Presentamos el primer caso clínico en Chile con su evolución a 2 años y una discusión del tema.
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Humanos , Adulto , Feminino , Hepatectomia/métodos , Regeneração Hepática , Neoplasias Hepáticas/cirurgia , Veia Porta/cirurgia , LigaduraRESUMO
ANTECEDENTES: Las gestaciones en pacientes con daño medular representan un reto para la obstetricia. Las complicaciones más frecuentes son las infecciones de las vías respiratorias y de las vías urinarias, y la más grave la hiperreflexia autonómica. El parto vaginal es posible en lesiones por debajo de T5, pero por encima de ese nivel, la imposibilidad de percibir las contracciones, de identificar el trabajo de parto y realizar pujos lleva a la necesidad de una cesárea programada. OBJETIVO: Exponer nuestra experiencia y revisar el manejo más adecuado de la embarazada parapléjica. MÉTODOS: Estudio retrospectivo en el periodo 2003-2014. Hubo 10 pacientes con 24 gestaciones: 6 abortos espontáneos, un 1 aborto inducido, quedando para el análisis 17 gestaciones (1 embarazo gemelar). La evaluación es independiente a la etiología o localización de la lesión. Se analiza las complicaciones perinatales y maternas. Resultados: La edad media fue 33 años. La edad gestacional media al parto fue 37 semanas: 12 de término (70,59%), 4 de pretérmino (23,53%) y una desconocida (5,88%). Hubo 10 cesáreas (58,82%) y 7 partos vaginales (41,18%). Peso medio neonatal de 2940 g, ninguno con retraso de crecimiento intrauterino. CONCLUSIONES: Nuestra experiencia muestra una alta tasa de prematuridad y de cesáreas, pero con buenos resultados maternos y perinatales, que hace permisible que estas pacientes puedan cumplir su deseo genésico, superando su discapacidad.
BACKGROUND: The pregnancies in patients with spinal cord injury represent a challenge for obstetrics. The most common complications are infections of the respiratory and urinary tract, and the most severe is the autonomic hyperreflexia. Vaginal delivery is possible in lesions below T5, but above that level the inability to perceive contractions, to identify labor and perform straining leads to the need for a scheduled cesarean. OBJECTIVE: To describe our experience and review the most appropriate management of paraplegic pregnant. Methods: Retrospective study in the period 2003-2014. There were 10 patients with 24 pregnancies: 6 spontaneous abortions, 1 induced abortion, leaving 17 for analysis pregnancies (one twin pregnancy). The evaluation is independent of the etiology or location of the lesion. Perinatal and maternal complications were analyzed. RESULTS: The mean age was 33 years. The mean gestational age at delivery was 37 weeks: 12 to term (70.59%), 4 preterm deliveries (23.53%) and one unknow. There were 10 cesarean sections (58.82%) and 7 vaginal deliveries (41.18%). Average birth weight of 2940 g, none with intrauterine growth restriction. CONCLUSIONS: Our experience shows a high rate of prematurity and cesarean section, but with good maternal and perinatal outcomes, which makes it permissible for these patients can fulfill their procreative desire, overcoming his disability.
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Humanos , Feminino , Gravidez , Adulto , Adulto Jovem , Paraplegia/complicações , Complicações na Gravidez/etiologia , Complicações na Gravidez/terapia , Traumatismos da Medula Espinal/complicações , Complicações na Gravidez/epidemiologia , Infecções Respiratórias/epidemiologia , Infecções Urinárias/epidemiologia , Resultado da Gravidez , Cesárea , Estudos Retrospectivos , Complicações do Trabalho de Parto , Trabalho de Parto PrematuroRESUMO
WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE: Hydralazine is an inhibitor of DNA methyltransferases, whereas valproate interferes with histone deacetylation. In combination, they show a marked synergism in reducing tumour growth as well as development of metastasis and inducing cell differentiation. Hydralazine is metabolized by the highly polymorphic N-acetyltransferase 2. The current pilot study was performed to analyse the pharmacokinetic parameters of a single dose of hydralazine in 24 h (one tablet with 83 mg for slow acetylators and one tablet with 182 mg for fast acetylators) and three fixed doses of valproate (one tablet of controlled liberation with 700 mg every 8 h) in healthy genetically selected volunteers. Selection was performed based on their NAT2 activity as deduced from their genotype. METHODS: An open label non-randomized single arm study was conducted in two groups of six healthy volunteers of both genders aged 20-45 years with a body mass index 22·2-26·9 which were classified as fast or slow acetylators after genotyping 3 SNPs that cover 99·9% of the NAT2 variants in the Mexican population. Blood samples were collected predose and serially post-dose in an interval of 48 h. Hydralazine and valproate concentrations were determined by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) coupled to tandem mass spectroscopy (MS/MS). RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: The AUC0-48 h and Cmax of hydralazine were almost identical (1410 ± 560 vs. 1446 ± 509 ng h/mL and 93·4 ± 16·7 vs. 112·5 ± 42·1 ng/mL) in both groups with NAT2 genotype-adjusted doses, whereas the multidose parameters of valproate were not significantly affected neither by the selection of the NAT2 genotype (AUC0-48 h 2064 ± 455 vs. 1896 ± 185 µg h/mL; Cmax 96·4 ± 21·1 vs. 88·8 ± 7·2 µg/mL, for the fast and slow acetylators, respectively) nor the co-administration of 83 or 182 mg of hydralazine. WHAT IS NEW AND CONCLUSION: Comparable hydralazine exposures (differences in AUC0-inf of only 7%) were observed in this study with genetic selection of volunteers and concomitant dose adjustment. However, the conclusions have yet to be confirmed with a full-powered 2 × 2 crossover study.
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Arilamina N-Acetiltransferase/genética , Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Pressão/métodos , Hidralazina/farmacocinética , Ácido Valproico/farmacocinética , Acetilação , Adulto , Área Sob a Curva , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Feminino , Genótipo , Humanos , Hidralazina/administração & dosagem , Masculino , México , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Projetos Piloto , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único , Comprimidos , Espectrometria de Massas em Tandem/métodos , Ácido Valproico/administração & dosagem , Adulto JovemRESUMO
The occurrence of postoperative jaundice should encourage the surgeon to review the wide spectrum of possible causes of jaundice and perform detailed history, physical examination and laboratory tests to define the causes, and take the measures to treat the patient properly. We also emphasize the need to prevent the presence of residual stones in the bile duct and bile duct iatrogenic injuries. This paper describe the possible causes of postoperative jaundice and current recommendations for adequate treatment.
La aparición de ictericia en el postoperatorio debe alertar al cirujano y llevarlo a revisar el gran espectro de causas posibles del cuadro. Se debe realizar una anamnesis y examen físico detallado y complementarlo con exámenes de laboratorio e imágenes según el caso. Además, se insiste en la necesidad de prevenir la presencia de cálculos residuales en colédoco y lesiones iatrogénicas de vía biliar. Se revisan las causas posibles de ictericia postoperatoria y las recomendaciones actuales de manejo.
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Humanos , Icterícia/etiologia , Icterícia/terapia , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos do Sistema Digestório/efeitos adversos , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/etiologiaRESUMO
Five patients with active disseminated vitiligo were given 1g of a chimeric (murine/human) monoclonal antibody to CD20 in a single intravenous infusion and followed-up for 6 months. Three of the patients showed an overt clinical and histological improvement of the disease, one presented slight improvement and the remaining patient showed no changes. Improvement was neither associated with changes in laboratory parameters nor to a specific human leucocyte antigen D-related (HLA-DR) phenotype. We believe that these preliminary results are encouraging, and further clinical trials should be undertaken. An important aim should be the finding of a marker with a good response to this therapeutic approach.
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Anticorpos Monoclonais/uso terapêutico , Antígenos CD20/imunologia , Vitiligo/terapia , Animais , Anticorpos Monoclonais/administração & dosagem , Biomarcadores Farmacológicos/sangue , Progressão da Doença , Seguimentos , Antígenos HLA-DR/metabolismo , Humanos , Infusões Intravenosas , Camundongos , Projetos Piloto , Proteínas Recombinantes de Fusão/administração & dosagem , Proteínas Recombinantes de Fusão/uso terapêutico , Equilíbrio Th1-Th2 , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
The induced membrane technique was first described by Masquelet in 1986. It was initially used for the reconstruction of long bone shaft defects, particularly of the femur and tibia. The technique consists of two stages. During the first stage a membrane is induced to provide support to the grafts and supply growth factors that contribute to provide a favorable receiving bed for the future graft. During the second stage the poly-methyl-methacrylate spacer is removed and replaced with bone grafts, usually harvested from the iliac crest. Given that this technique has proven good results, it started to be used at other bone sites. We present herein the case of a patient with a large bone defect in the midfoot in whom the Masquelet technique was used with iliac crest grafts. Arthrodesis with a distal radius plate was performed to improve medial column stability, with favorable clinical and functional results.
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Cimentos Ósseos/uso terapêutico , Transplante Ósseo/métodos , Traumatismos do Pé/cirurgia , Luxações Articulares/cirurgia , Articulação Metatarsofalângica/lesões , Polimetil Metacrilato/uso terapêutico , Acidentes de Trânsito , Adulto , Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Moldes Cirúrgicos , Curetagem , Desbridamento , Diáfises/lesões , Diáfises/cirurgia , Humanos , Ílio/transplante , Imobilização , Masculino , Membranas , Articulação Metatarsofalângica/cirurgia , Polimetil Metacrilato/administração & dosagem , Desenho de Prótese , Retalhos Cirúrgicos , Técnicas de Sutura , Irrigação Terapêutica , Transplante Autólogo/métodos , Vancomicina/uso terapêutico , Infecção dos Ferimentos/complicações , Infecção dos Ferimentos/cirurgiaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of Tai Chi on oxidative stress in a population of elderly Mexican subjects. DESIGN: It was carried out a quasi-experimental study with a sample of 55 healthy subjects randomly divided into two age-matched groups: (i) a control group with 23 subjects and (ii) an experimental group with 32 subjects. The experimental group received daily training in Tai Chi for 50 min. MEASUREMENTS: It was measured before and after 6-month of exercise period: thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), total antioxidant status (TAS), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx). RESULTS: It was found that the experimental group exhibited a statistically significant decrease in glucose levels, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC), and systolic blood pressure, as well as an increase in SOD and GPx activity and TAS compared with the control group (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that the daily practice of Tai Chi is useful for reducing OxS in healthy older adults.
Assuntos
Estresse Oxidativo , Tai Chi Chuan , Idoso , Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Pressão Sanguínea/fisiologia , LDL-Colesterol/sangue , Seguimentos , Glutationa Peroxidase/sangue , Humanos , México , Superóxido Dismutase/sangue , Substâncias Reativas com Ácido Tiobarbitúrico/análise , Substâncias Reativas com Ácido Tiobarbitúrico/metabolismoRESUMO
Presentamos un paciente con glomus carotídeo y diagnóstico intraoperatorio sin compromiso hemodinámico en el período anestésico. El caso corresponde a una mujer de 63 años, que ingresa por el departamento de cabeza y cuello por recurrencia de patología tumoral en la región cervical izquierda, sin datos mayores como síntomas cardiacos o neurológicos. Realizándose resección de tumoración, tiroidectomía complementaria y disección cervical, con estudio anatomo-patológico que corrobora glomus carotídeo.
We present a patient with Carotid Body Paraganglioma and operative diagnosis lacking hemodynamic compromise during the anesthetic time. This is a 63 year old female, admitted to the Head and Neck Unit due to tumoral recurrence in the left cervical area, there are no major cardiac or neurological symptoms. The patient undergone tumor resection, complementary thyroidectomy and cervical disection, leading to pathological diagnosis that confirmed Carotid Body Paraganglioma.
Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Idoso , Corpo Carotídeo , Tireoidectomia , Tumor do Corpo CarotídeoRESUMO
Bariatric surgery is an effective treatment for morbid obesity. Various techniques have been developed with different outcomes and complications. A new technique with promising results recently described in the literature: the gastric plication, which would not have the complications of using mechanical suture and would imply a reduction of costs. We report the first case in Chile under this technique.
La cirugía bariátrica es un tratamiento efectivo para la obesidad mórbida. Diversas técnicas se han desarrollado con diferentes resultados y complicaciones. Una nueva técnica con resultados prometedores se ha descrito recientemente en la literatura: la plicatura gástrica, la cual no tendría las complicaciones del uso de sutura mecánica e implicaría una reducción de los costos. Presentamos el caso clínico del primer paciente en Chile sometido a esta técnica.
Assuntos
Humanos , Adulto , Feminino , Cirurgia Bariátrica/métodos , Gastroplastia/métodos , Laparoscopia/métodos , Obesidade Mórbida/cirurgia , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
Antecedentes: La torsión anexial es una complicación frecuente en ginecología que motiva una cirugía de urgencia y muchas veces conlleva la anexectomía como tratamiento basado en la impresión visual cirujano. Objetivo: Evaluar la contabilidad de la impresión visual del cirujano para la toma de decisiones. Método: Se estudiaron las torsiones anexiales operadas entre enero de 2006 y julio de 2009. Se revisaron las placas de los casos sometidos a anexectomía y se determinó la presencia de compromiso vascular irreversible. Se correlacionó la impresión visual del cirujano con la del patólogo usando la biopsia como estándar dorado. Resultados: En el período de estudio se operaron 51 pacientes. La edad promedio fue 35,5 +/- 2 años (rango: 8-80 años). El 72,6 por ciento de los casos fue abordado por laparoscopia y en 60,7 por ciento de los casos se realizó anexectomía. En 38,7 por ciento de los casos sometidos a anexectomía se demostró en la biopsia un infarto hemorrágico masivo. A mayor intervalo de tiempo entre diagnóstico y cirugía, mayor fue la probabilidad de compromiso vascular (regresión logística, p<0,01). La concordancia entre la impresión del cirujano y del patólogo fue leve (kappa 0,2 +/- 0,16 p<0,02). La sensibilidad, especificidad, valor predictivo positivo y negativo de la impresión visual del cirujano para necrosis isquémica fueron 88,9 por ciento, 26,3 por ciento, 36,4 por ciento, 83,3 por ciento respectivamente. Conclusiones: Este estudio demuestra que la apreciación visual del cirujano es un mal predictor de daño vascular irreversible. Ante la sospecha diagnóstica de torsión debe preconizarse el abordaje quirúrgico precoz e intentar preservar el ovario.
Background: Adnexal torsion constitutes one of the major surgical emergencies in gynecology commonly leading to adnexal removal based on visual assessment of vascular damage. Aims: The goal of present study is to establish the accuracy of the surgeon's visual impression in correctly doing the decision-making. Methods: All cases of adnexal torsion undergoing surgery between January 2006 and July 2009 were recruited. A pathological review was conducted in all cases undergoing adnexal removal to assess the presence of irreversible vascular damage. A correlation was done between pathologist and surgeon assessment using pathological report as gold standard. Results: During the period of study a total of 51 patients were operated. The average age was 35.5 +/- 2 years (range: 8-80 years). The 72.6 percent of cases was approached by laparoscopy and in 60.7 percent of cases adnexal removal was done. In 38.7 percent of those cases treated with adnexal removal a massive ischemic necrosis or complete infarction was demonstrated at biopsy. As longer the time interval was between diagnosis and surgery, major the incidence was of vascular damage (log regression, p<0.01). Slight agreement was observed between surgeon and pathologist (kappa 0.2 +/- 0.16, p<0.02). Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values for visual assessment of ischemic necrosis done by surgeon were 88.9 percent, 26.3 percent, 36.4 percent, 83.3 percent respectively. Conclusions: This study demonstrates that visual assessment has a low positive predictive value for irreversible vascular damage. In those cases with presumptive diagnosis of adnexal torsion, an early surgical approach should be prompted to preserve the adnexa.
Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Criança , Adolescente , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Doenças dos Anexos/cirurgia , Padrões de Prática Médica , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos em Ginecologia/métodos , Tomada de Decisões , Anormalidade Torcional , Doenças dos Anexos/diagnóstico , Necrose , Ovário/patologia , Sensibilidade e EspecificidadeRESUMO
Species of the genus Bothrops induce the vast majority of snakebite envenomings in Latin America. A preclinical study was performed in the context of a regional network of public laboratories involved in the production, quality control and development of antivenoms in Latin America. The ability of seven polyspecific antivenoms, produced in Argentina, Brazil, Peru, Bolivia, Colombia and Costa Rica, to neutralize lethal, hemorrhagic, coagulant, defibrinogenating and myotoxic activities of the venoms of Bothrops neuwiedi (diporus) (Argentina), Bothrops jararaca (Brazil), B. neuwiedi (mattogrossensis) (Bolivia), Bothrops atrox (Peru and Colombia) and Bothrops asper (Costa Rica) was assessed using standard laboratory tests. Despite differences in the venom mixtures used in the immunization of animals for the production of these antivenoms, a pattern of extensive cross-neutralization was observed between these antivenoms and all the venoms tested, with quantitative differences in the values of effective doses. This study reveals the capacity of these antivenoms to neutralize, in preclinical tests, homologous and heterologous Bothrops venoms in Central and South America, and also highlight quantitative differences in the values of Median Effective Doses (ED50s) between the various antivenoms.