RESUMO
Unlike the central nervous system, the peripheral one has the ability to regenerate itself after injury; however, this natural regeneration process is not always successful. In fact, even with some treatments, the prognosis is poor, and patients consequently suffer with the functional loss caused by injured nerves, generating several impacts on their quality of life. In the present review we aimed to address two strategies that may considerably potentiate peripheral nerve regeneration: stem cells and tissue engineering. In vitro studies have shown that pluripotent cells associated with neural scaffolds elaborated by tissue engineering can increase functional recovery, revascularization, remyelination, neurotrophin expression and reduce muscle atrophy. Although these results are very promising, it is important to note that there are some barriers to be circumvented: the host's immune response, the oncogenic properties attributed to stem cells and the duration of the pro-regenerative effects. After all, more studies are still needed to overcome the limitations of these treatments; those that address techniques for manipulating the lesion microenvironment combining different therapies seem to be the most promising and proactive ones.
Assuntos
Traumatismos dos Nervos Periféricos , Engenharia Tecidual , Humanos , Engenharia Tecidual/métodos , Qualidade de Vida , Nervos Periféricos/fisiologia , Regeneração Nervosa/fisiologia , Células-Tronco , Traumatismos dos Nervos Periféricos/terapiaRESUMO
A disseminação da Coronavirus Disease 2019 foi classificada como pandemia em março de 2020, desencadeando uma grave crise. São inúmeros os fenômenos advindos desse momento inédito na história recente, diante dos quais a Psicologia Escolar tem muito a contribuir como área de produção científica, pesquisa e intervenção. Este artigo teórico teve como objetivo apresentar reflexões críticas sobre ações, reações e prospecções da área na pandemia. Foram apresentados levantamentos da literatura nacional e internacional no período e contribuições teóricas e reflexivas para a atuação em Psicologia Escolar destacando temas como: inclusão escolar, atuação institucional e formação continuada. As conclusões evidenciaram que, embora a pandemia da Coronavirus Disease 2019 tenha criado desafios ao psicólogo escolar, houve inúmeras transformações e avanços, como o fortalecimento das pessoas que permaneceram, corajosamente, trabalhando, ensinando e aprendendo. Os temas discutidos forneceram indicadores potentes de resistência na perspectiva de uma cultura do sucesso escolar para além do período pandêmico.
The spread of Coronavirus Disease 2019 triggered a serious crisis and was classified as a pandemic in March 2020. Countless phenomena arose from this unprecedented event in recent history. In this connection, School Psychology has much to contribute as an area of scientific production, research and intervention. This theoretical article aimed to present critical reflections on actions, reactions and investigations in the area during the pandemic. Surveys of national and international literature in the period and theoretical and reflective contributions to the work in School Psychology were presented, highlighting topics such as: school inclusion, institutional work and continuing education. The conclusions showed that, although the Coronavirus Disease 2019 pandemic has created challenges for the school psychologist, a number transformations and advances have occurred such as the strengthening of the spirit of people who courageously remained working, teaching and learning. The topics discussed provided powerful indicators of resistance from the perspective of a school success culture extending beyond the pandemic period.