RESUMO
The profile of type-II non-insulin dependent diabetic patients is characterized by overweight; exogenous obesity originates from inadequate nourishment habits and, among other things, educational, cultural, and psychological conditions. With regard to metabolic deficiency control, the explanation is centered fundamentally on the patient's not getting a complete diet. This could be due to a lack of information about their illness, thus becoming a determining factor in their treatment. The purpose of this study was to analyze the level of knowledge, attitudes, and dietary education practices by means of a survey using the likert scale. This was applied by means of a direct and codified interview directed to patients in a Primary Care Health Unit from the Mexican Social Security Institute (IMSS) in Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico. 201 Type II diabetic patients, selected from a systematic sample, were studied. The average age was 54 and predominantly female (a ratio of 1.7 to 1). The sample had an academic background not surpassing the elementary school level, and their occupation was that of housewife. Their central glycemia level was, on the average, 191 mg/dl with a standard deviation of 120. The average number of years of having suffered from the illness was 5.5 with a standard deviation of 5. Ninety per cent of the diabetic patients take oral hypoglucemiants. Although there does exist a high level of knowledge and attitudes about dietary education, there exists a low level of educational practices. We observed that only 10 per cent of the diabetic patients have both an acceptable metabolic control (CMA) and a high value in knowledge, attitudes, and practices (CAP).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Assuntos
Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/psicologia , Comportamento Alimentar , Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/dietoterapia , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/epidemiologia , Dieta para Diabéticos , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , México/epidemiologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Educação de Pacientes como Assunto , Estudos ProspectivosRESUMO
In order to establish differences among television watching habits, surveys were conducted in a group of 80 children; 40 from rural areas and another 40 from the urban area, who were attending elementary school at the time. The children were randomly selected; their responses were compared to a national and local listing of television programs, excluding those which were contradictory. Both groups of children spent the same amount of time at school (P = Not significant) while the urban group spent an average of 3.5 hours watching television and the rural group spent 2.3 hours (P = 0.001). Thirty percent of the children from the urban area watched TV with an adult while those from the rural zone were accompanied in 32% (P:NS). The number of television sets per home was significantly greater in the urban areas (P = 0.001). All of the children watched programs which were transmitted after 9 p.m. Both groups chose unneeded food commercials as their favorite programs (P = Not significant).