RESUMO
BACKGROUND: The benefits of adjuvant treatment in the context of a D2 lymph node dissection are controversial. The aim was to investigate the effects of postoperative adjuvant treatment on the survival of patients with a curative resection for gastric cancer and a D2 lymph node dissection. METHODS: We performed a retrospective cohort study. Patients operated from 1996 to 2013 were selected. We compared long term survival of patients treated with surgery alone and those with surgery plus postoperative adjuvant treatment. A multivariate analysis for survival was applied in every stage. RESULTS: The study included 580 patients. Two-hundred and four patients received postoperative adjuvant treatment (AD) and 376 patients were treated only with surgery (SU). Patients in the AD group were younger (60 versus 68, p < 0.001), had a lower rate of multiple organ resection (21% versus 39%, p < 0.001) and had less postoperative complications (14% versus 32%, p < 0.001). In the AD group, patients had more advanced disease (stage III; 77% versus 66%, p < 0.001). No difference was found in lymph nodes resected (31 versus 30, p = ns). The median survival with adjuvant treatment was 33 months (39% 5 year survival) and 22 months (31% 5 year survival) for patients without adjuvant treatment (p = 0.003). On multivariate analysis, patients with stage IIIB and IIIC had significantly better overall and disease specific long-term survival with adjuvant treatment. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that there is a long-term survival benefit for patients treated with postoperative adjuvant treatment for stages IIIB and IIIC gastric cancer after D2 lymph node dissection.
Assuntos
Adenocarcinoma/cirurgia , Gastrectomia/métodos , Excisão de Linfonodo/métodos , Neoplasias Gástricas/mortalidade , Neoplasias Gástricas/cirurgia , Adenocarcinoma/tratamento farmacológico , Adenocarcinoma/mortalidade , Adenocarcinoma/patologia , Adulto , Fatores Etários , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Institutos de Câncer , Quimioterapia Adjuvante , Chile , Estudos de Coortes , Intervalo Livre de Doença , Feminino , Seguimentos , Gastrectomia/mortalidade , Humanos , América Latina , Linfonodos/patologia , Linfonodos/cirurgia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Análise Multivariada , Cuidados Pós-Operatórios/métodos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Medição de Risco , Fatores Sexuais , Neoplasias Gástricas/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias Gástricas/patologia , Análise de Sobrevida , Fatores de Tempo , Resultado do Tratamento , Adulto JovemRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Congenital malformations are defined as those structural, metabolic or functional defects found at birth. AIM: To study the mortality due to congenital malformations in Chile between 1969 and 1997, their type, individual, temporal and geographic variations. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A descriptive analysis of deaths registered by the National Statistics Institute and the Ministry of Health. Means, frequencies, raw and adjusted rates were calculated and inferences for some variables were carried out. RESULTS: Between 1969 and 1997 ther was tendency towards a reduction in rates of mortality due to congenital malformations and an increment in their relative importance. During the period, the risk for chromosome (98%) and osteomuscular (67%) malformations increased. Men and children of less than one year had the higher risk. In 1995, 1167 deaths due to congenital malformations were registered, 90% in children of less than 5 years. Higher risks occurred in urban zones (with a rate of 8.25 per 100,000) in the third region (rate 11.59) and second region (rate 11.2). Most deaths occurred in hospitals (85%). Main causes of death were circulatory system, central nervous system and chromosome malformations. CONCLUSIONS: The differences in regional deaths due to congenital malformations suggests specific risks that deserve further study.