RESUMO
Despite the singular morphology of the male genital system and the different reproductive strategies of marsupials, little emphasis has been given to the testis morphology and spermatogenic kinetics in this mammalian order. The present study aimed to investigate the testis function and the duration of spermatogenesis in the southeastern four-eyed opossum, Philander frenatus. Testes of six adult males were routinely processed for histological and stereological analyses. In order to determine the duration of spermatogenesis, intratesticular injections of tritiated thymidine were performed 1h, 13days and 21days before the sacrifice. Based on the development of the acrosomic system, ten stages of the seminiferous epithelium cycle were characterized. The mean body and testis weights for the P. frenatus were respectively 326±20g and 0.4±0.05g, providing a gonadosomatic index of 0.3±0.02%. The most advanced germ cell types labeled at 1h, 13days and 21days after thymidine injections were, respectively, preleptotene spermatocytes at stage IV, pachytene spermatocytes at stage IV and diplotene spermatocytes at stage IX. Based on the stages frequencies and the most advanced labeled germ cells, each spermatogenic cycle and the entire spermatogenic process lasted respectively 13.5±0.5 and 60.9±2.4days. When compared to the vast majority of eutherian mammals already investigated, these data indicate that the Philander frenatus presents a relatively long duration of spermatogenesis.
Assuntos
Gambás/fisiologia , Espermatogênese/fisiologia , Animais , Masculino , Epitélio Seminífero/fisiologia , Especificidade da Espécie , Espermatogênese/efeitos dos fármacos , Timidina/farmacologiaRESUMO
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a serious complication of diabetes mellitus that may result in blindness. We evaluated the effects of activation of endogenous angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) 2 on the early stages of DR. Rats were administered an intravenous injection of streptozotocin to induce hyperglycemia. The ACE2 activator 1-[[2-(dimethylamino) ethyl] amino]-4-(hydroxymethyl)-7-[[(4-methylphenyl) sulfonyl] oxy]-9H-xanthone 9 (XNT) was administered by daily gavage. The death of retinal ganglion cells (RGC) was evaluated in histological sections, and retinal ACE2, caspase-3, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expressions were analyzed by immunohistochemistry. XNT treatment increased ACE2 expression in retinas of hyperglycemic (HG) rats (control: 13.81±2.71 area%; HG: 14.29±4.30 area%; HG+XNT: 26.87±1.86 area%; P<0.05). Importantly, ACE2 activation significantly increased the RCG number in comparison with HG animals (control: 553.5±14.29; HG: 530.8±10.3 cells; HG+XNT: 575.3±16.5 cells; P<0.05). This effect was accompanied by a reduction in the expression of caspase-3 in RGC of the HG+XNT group when compared with untreated HG rats (control: 18.74±1.59; HG: 38.39±3.39 area%; HG+XNT: 27.83±2.80 area%; P<0.05). Treatment with XNT did not alter the VEGF expression in HG animals (P>0.05). Altogether, these findings indicate that activation of ACE2 reduced the death of retinal ganglion cells by apoptosis in HG rats.
Assuntos
Animais , Masculino , Hiperglicemia/complicações , Peptidil Dipeptidase A/metabolismo , Doenças Retinianas/etiologia , Doenças Retinianas/prevenção & controle , Prevenção Secundária/métodos , Administração Oral , Apoptose , /metabolismo , Proliferação de Células/fisiologia , Sobrevivência Celular/fisiologia , Diabetes Mellitus Experimental/metabolismo , Ativação Enzimática , Hiperglicemia/induzido quimicamente , Imuno-Histoquímica , Peptidil Dipeptidase A/efeitos dos fármacos , Ratos Wistar , Doenças Retinianas/metabolismo , Células Ganglionares da Retina/metabolismo , Células Ganglionares da Retina/patologia , Estreptozocina , Fator A de Crescimento do Endotélio Vascular/metabolismo , Xantonas/administração & dosagemRESUMO
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a serious complication of diabetes mellitus that may result in blindness. We evaluated the effects of activation of endogenous angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) 2 on the early stages of DR. Rats were administered an intravenous injection of streptozotocin to induce hyperglycemia. The ACE2 activator 1-[[2-(dimethylamino) ethyl] amino]-4-(hydroxymethyl)-7-[[(4-methylphenyl) sulfonyl] oxy]-9H-xanthone 9 (XNT) was administered by daily gavage. The death of retinal ganglion cells (RGC) was evaluated in histological sections, and retinal ACE2, caspase-3, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expressions were analyzed by immunohistochemistry. XNT treatment increased ACE2 expression in retinas of hyperglycemic (HG) rats (control: 13.81±2.71 area%; HG: 14.29±4.30 area%; HG+XNT: 26.87±1.86 area%; P<0.05). Importantly, ACE2 activation significantly increased the RCG number in comparison with HG animals (control: 553.5±14.29; HG: 530.8±10.3 cells; HG+XNT: 575.3±16.5 cells; P<0.05). This effect was accompanied by a reduction in the expression of caspase-3 in RGC of the HG+XNT group when compared with untreated HG rats (control: 18.74±1.59; HG: 38.39±3.39 area%; HG+XNT: 27.83±2.80 area%; P<0.05). Treatment with XNT did not alter the VEGF expression in HG animals (P>0.05). Altogether, these findings indicate that activation of ACE2 reduced the death of retinal ganglion cells by apoptosis in HG rats.
Assuntos
Hiperglicemia/complicações , Peptidil Dipeptidase A/metabolismo , Doenças Retinianas/etiologia , Doenças Retinianas/prevenção & controle , Prevenção Secundária/métodos , Administração Oral , Enzima de Conversão de Angiotensina 2 , Animais , Apoptose , Caspase 3/metabolismo , Proliferação de Células/fisiologia , Sobrevivência Celular/fisiologia , Diabetes Mellitus Experimental/metabolismo , Ativação Enzimática , Hiperglicemia/induzido quimicamente , Imuno-Histoquímica , Masculino , Peptidil Dipeptidase A/efeitos dos fármacos , Ratos Wistar , Doenças Retinianas/metabolismo , Células Ganglionares da Retina/metabolismo , Células Ganglionares da Retina/patologia , Estreptozocina , Fator A de Crescimento do Endotélio Vascular/metabolismo , Xantonas/administração & dosagemRESUMO
Euphorbia hirta L., popularmente conhecida por erva andorinha, tem sido utilizada no tratamento de distúrbios respiratórios e como antiespasmódico. Esse trabalho foi realizado com a finalidade de determinar as características macroscópicas e microscópicas das folhas, caule e raiz dessa planta, uma vez que estas são as partes usadas popularmente. Algumas características de valor na sua diagnose foram apontadas e ilustradas por fotomicrografias. Reações de fitoquímica e a determinação do conteúdo de água e de cinzas foram realizadas no pó obtido da planta inteira, parte essa utilizada na fitoterapia Ayuverda. Na prospecção fitoquímica foram encontrados flavonóides, mucilagem, resinas e cumarinas. Na determinação do teor de água, de cinzas totais e de cinzas insolúveis em ácido, os valores encontrados foram 8,99%, 9,35%, 0,75%, respectivamente. Com o desenvolvimento deste trabalho foi possível obter parâmetros para o controle de qualidade das folhas, caule e raízes de E. hirta.
The Euphorbia hirta L. has been used in the treatment of respiratory disorders and as an antispasmodic. This work was carried out to determine the macroscopic and microscopic characteristics of the leaves, stems and roots of this plant, as these parts are commonly used. Some features of value in their diagnosis were identified and illustrated by photomicrographs. Phytochemical reactions and determination of water and ash contents were carried out in the powder obtained from the whole plant, the part used in Ayurveda phytomedicine. In phytochemical screening, we found flavonoids, mucilage, resins and coumarins. The values of water content, total ashes and acid insoluble ashes were 8.99%, 9.35%, 0.75%, respectively. The data obtained are important for the quality control of the leaves, stems and roots of E. hirta.
Assuntos
Euphorbia pilulifera/análise , Farmacognosia/tendências , Plantas Medicinais/metabolismo , Controle de Qualidade , Componentes Aéreos da Planta/classificaçãoRESUMO
Quantification of mucosal eosinophils and mast cells in the oviducts from 22 crossbred heifers was performed in both natural (estrus, metaestrus and diestrus) and superovulated (estrus and metaestrus) estrous cycles. The number of cells/square millimeter of mucosa was obtained through counts at different regions of the oviduct (infundibulum, ampulla, ampullary/isthmic transition and isthmus). Differences were not found (P > 0.05) among numbers of cells at the different phases of the natural estrous cycle nor between natural or superovulated cycles. When all animals were separated into two phases of the estrous cycle (estrus and metaestrus), the number of eosinophils at the ampullary/isthmic transition and isthmus was higher (P < 0.01) at the estrus cycle phase, and the number at the infundibulum was higher (P < 0.001) during the metaestrus phase than at estrus. The number of mast cells was highest at the isthmus regardless of the estrus phase, and highest at the infundibulum (P < 0.001) and ampulla (P < 0.05) during the metaestrus phase. Significant correlations were found between the number of mast cells and plasma progesterone levels at the infundibulum (P < 0.001; r = 0.69) and ampulla (P < 0.03; r = 0.51). No correlation was seen between numbers of eosinophils and mast cells, progesterone and 17β-estradiol concentrations. Therefore, the distribution of mucosal eosinophils in the oviduct of heifers is apparently not related to the circulating levels of 17β-estradiol and progesterone; however, the highest number of mast cells found at the metaestrus phase of the cycle, at least for the infundibulum and ampulla, appears to be related to the high circulating progesterone plasma levels in metaestrus phase compared to estrus phase. No differences were found between animals subjected or not to superovulation.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Bovinos , Mucosa/anatomia & histologia , Estradiol/química , Estro/fisiologia , Eosinófilos , Bovinos/classificaçãoRESUMO
Quantification of mucosal eosinophils and mast cells in the oviducts from 22 crossbred heifers was performed in both natural (estrus, metaestrus and diestrus) and superovulated (estrus and metaestrus) estrous cycles. The number of cells/square millimeter of mucosa was obtained through counts at different regions of the oviduct (infundibulum, ampulla, ampullary/isthmic transition and isthmus). Differences were not found (P > 0.05) among numbers of cells at the different phases of the natural estrous cycle nor between natural or superovulated cycles. When all animals were separated into two phases of the estrous cycle (estrus and metaestrus), the number of eosinophils at the ampullary/isthmic transition and isthmus was higher (P < 0.01) at the estrus cycle phase, and the number at the infundibulum was higher (P < 0.001) during the metaestrus phase than at estrus. The number of mast cells was highest at the isthmus regardless of the estrus phase, and highest at the infundibulum (P < 0.001) and ampulla (P < 0.05) during the metaestrus phase. Significant correlations were found between the number of mast cells and plasma progesterone levels at the infundibulum (P < 0.001; r = 0.69) and ampulla (P < 0.03; r = 0.51). No correlation was seen between numbers of eosinophils and mast cells, progesterone and 17β-estradiol concentrations. Therefore, the distribution of mucosal eosinophils in the oviduct of heifers is apparently not related to the circulating levels of 17β-estradiol and progesterone; however, the highest number of mast cells found at the metaestrus phase of the cycle, at least for the infundibulum and ampulla, appears to be related to the high circulating progesterone plasma levels in metaestrus phase compared to estrus phase. No differences were found between animals subjected or not to superovulation.
Assuntos
Animais , Bovinos , Eosinófilos , Estradiol/química , Estro/fisiologia , Mucosa/anatomia & histologia , Bovinos/classificaçãoRESUMO
Tubas uterinas de 21 novilhas mestiças Bos taurus taurus Bos taurus indicus, em diferentes fases do ciclo estral natural (estro, metaestro e diestro) ou induzido pelo tratamento superovulatório (estro e metaestro superovulados), foram avaliadas quanto à presença de cistos intra-epiteliais e à caracterização histoquímica de seu conteúdo. Verificou-se a ocorrência de cistos intra-epiteliais nas tubas uterinas em todos os animais, mais freqüentes nas regiões do infundíbulo e ampola. Eles ocorreram nos lados direito e esquerdo, ipsi- e contralateral ao ovário ativo (folículo pré-ovulatório ou corpo lúteo), nas fases estrogênica e progesterônica do ciclo. No conteúdo cístico, houve predominância de mucinas neutras e ácidas carboxiladas, sendo as mucinas sulfatadas presentes em menor intensidade, e não se observou glicogênio. Os resultados sustentam a hipótese de que esses cistos formam-se pela fusão de luminações intracitoplasmáticas e/ou vacúolos ciliados do epitélio tubário.
Assuntos
Animais , Feminino , Bovinos , Cistos/epidemiologia , Cistos/fisiopatologia , Tubas UterinasRESUMO
Tubas uterinas de 21 novilhas mestiças Bos taurus taurus x Bos taurus indicus, em diferentes fases do ciclo estral natural (estro, metaestro e diestro) ou induzido pelo tratamento superovulatório (estro e metaestro superovulados), foram avaliadas quanto à presença de cistos intra-epiteliais e à caracterização histoquímica de seu conteúdo. Verificou-se a ocorrência de cistos intra-epiteliais nas tubas uterinas em todos os animais, mais freqüentes nas regiões do infundíbulo e ampola. Eles ocorreram nos lados direito e esquerdo, ipsi- e contralateral ao ovário ativo (folículo pré-ovulatório ou corpo lúteo), nas fases estrogênica e progesterônica do ciclo. No conteúdo cístico, houve predominância de mucinas neutras e ácidas carboxiladas, sendo as mucinas sulfatadas presentes em menor intensidade, e não se observou glicogênio. Os resultados sustentam a hipótese de que esses cistos formam-se pela fusão de luminações intracitoplasmáticas e/ou vacúolos ciliados do epitélio tubário. (AU)
Uterine tubes from 21 crossbred heifers (Bos taurus taurus × Bos taurus indicus) at different phases of the natural estrus cycle (estrus, metaestrus and diestrus) or submitted to superovulation (superovulated estrus and metaestrus) were evaluated for the presence of intraepithelial cysts and for histochemical labelling of its contents. All studied animals had intraepithelial cysts mainly in the infundibular and ampullary regions. Such cysts were present regardless of the side of the uterine tube, ipsi- or contralateral to the active ovary (preovulatory follicle or corpus luteum) or of the cycle phase (estrogenic or progesteronic). Histochemical analysis revealed that neutral and acid mucins were the major substances found within the cysts. Sulphated mucins were present in low amounts and glycogen was absent. These results suggest that these cysts are probably formed by the fusion of intracytoplasmic lumina and/or ciliated vacuoles of the uterine tube epithelium.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Feminino , Tubas Uterinas/fisiopatologia , Cistos/fisiopatologia , Bovinos , Cistos/epidemiologia , Tubas Uterinas/anatomia & histologiaRESUMO
Descrevem-se as características anatomopatológicas e histoquímicas de 124 tubas uterinas de porcas (matrizes) abatidas em matadouros, nas fases folicular e luteínica do ciclo estral. As tubas uterinas foram distribuídas em quatro grupos: LSP- fase luteínica sem patologia tubárica (n=45), LCP- fase luteínica com patologia tubárica (n=19), FSP- fase folicular sem patologia tubárica (n=45) e FCP- fase folicular com patologia tubárica (n=15). Para estudo histoquímico de mucossubstâncias foram utilizadas as colorações de periodic acid Schiff (PAS) com e sem digestão prévia pela amilase salivar e Alcian Blue (AB) em pH 2,5 e 0,4. Utilizou-se a coloração de Ninhidrina-Schiff para evidenciação de proteínas ricas em radicais -NH2. Foram observadas alterações em 34 tubas uterinas. Independente da fase do ciclo estral, as patologias mais comumente encontradas foram os cistos de parede e a metaplasia escamosa. Em menor número foram observados divertículo e adenomiose. A ampola e o infundíbulo foram os segmentos mais afetados. Na fase folicular, o infundíbulo apresentou maior intensidade de secreção de mucossubstâncias neutras e AB 2,5-positivas. Na ampola houve maior intensidade de secreção de mucossubstâncias AB 2,5-positivas, sulfomucinas e de proteínas ricas em radicais -NH2. As patologias não reduziram significativamente a secreção de mucossubstâncias nas regiões adjacentes em nenhum dos segmentos tubáricos, tanto na fase luteínica quanto na folicular. Nas áreas de metaplasia escamosa do epitélio tubárico e nos cistos de parede houve redução da secreção de mucossubstâncias neutras e ácidas.
Assuntos
Animais , Feminino , Secreções Corporais , Estruturas Embrionárias , Fertilização in vitro , Fase Folicular , Fase Luteal , Suínos , ÚteroRESUMO
Descrevem-se as características anatomopatológicas e histoquímicas de 124 tubas uterinas de porcas (matrizes) abatidas em matadouros, nas fases folicular e luteínica do ciclo estral. As tubas uterinas foram distribuídas em quatro grupos: LSP- fase luteínica sem patologia tubárica (n=45), LCP- fase luteínica com patologia tubárica (n=19), FSP- fase folicular sem patologia tubárica (n=45) e FCP- fase folicular com patologia tubárica (n=15). Para estudo histoquímico de mucossubstâncias foram utilizadas as colorações de periodic acid Schiff (PAS) com e sem digestão prévia pela amilase salivar e Alcian Blue (AB) em pH 2,5 e 0,4. Utilizou-se a coloração de Ninhidrina-Schiff para evidenciação de proteínas ricas em radicais -NH2. Foram observadas alterações em 34 tubas uterinas. Independente da fase do ciclo estral, as patologias mais comumente encontradas foram os cistos de parede e a metaplasia escamosa. Em menor número foram observados divertículo e adenomiose. A ampola e o infundíbulo foram os segmentos mais afetados. Na fase folicular, o infundíbulo apresentou maior intensidade de secreção de mucossubstâncias neutras e AB 2,5-positivas. Na ampola houve maior intensidade de secreção de mucossubstâncias AB 2,5-positivas, sulfomucinas e de proteínas ricas em radicais -NH2. As patologias não reduziram significativamente a secreção de mucossubstâncias nas regiões adjacentes em nenhum dos segmentos tubáricos, tanto na fase luteínica quanto na folicular. Nas áreas de metaplasia escamosa do epitélio tubárico e nos cistos de parede houve redução da secreção de mucossubstâncias neutras e ácidas.(AU)
The goal of this study was to describe the anatomopathological and histochemical features of uterine tubes from 62 sexually mature sows, in both follicular and luteal phases. The animals were assigned into four groups as follows: the first (LSP) containing sows in the luteal phase without tube pathology (n=45), the second (LCP) with sows in the luteal phase with tube pathology (n=19), the third (FSP) with sows in the follicular phase without tube pathology (n=45) and the fourth (FCP) with sows in the follicular phase with tube pathology (n=15). PAS, Alcian Blue (pH 2.5 and 0.4), and Ninhidrina-Schiff stains were used for the histochemical study. Grossly, 34 uterine tubes presented morphological lesions. Wall cysts and squamous metaplasia were the changes found more frequently in both phases. Ampulla and infundibulum were the segments affected more frequently. In the follicular phase, the infundibulum had a higher secretion intensity of neutral mucosubstances, whereas the ampulla and the infundibulum had a higher secretion intensity of AB 2.5-positive mucosubstances. The ampulla had a higher intensity of sulphomucins and Ninhidrina-Schiff-positive secretions in the follicular phase. The morphologic changes did not correlate with reduction in secretion of mucosubstance in the adjacent areas of the uterine tube in both follicular and luteal phases. There was a reduction in secretion of neutral and acid mucosubstances in areas affected by squamous metaplasia and wall cysts.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Feminino , Secreções Corporais , Útero , Fase Folicular , Fase Luteal , Fertilização in vitro , Estruturas Embrionárias , SuínosRESUMO
The aim of this work was to perform a morphometric analysis of the uterine tube epithelium of sexually mature sows, with or without pathological changes. The sows were either in follicular or luteal phases. One hundred and twenty-four uterine tubes of sixty-two sows were obtained from slaughterhouses. Sections of the uterine tube, uterus and ovary were processed for morphometrical evaluation. The uterine tubes were divided into four groups. The first (LSP) group was composed by animals in luteal phase without pathological changes (n=45), the second (LCP) by animals in luteal phase with pathological changes (n=19), the third (FSP) by animals in follicular phase without pathological changes (n=45) and the fourth (FCP) by animals in follicular phase with pathological changes (n=15). In the follicular phase (FSP), the ampulla had a higher epithelium, followed by the infundibulum and the isthmus (P<0.05). Tubal epithelium was higher in the animals of FSP and FCP groups when compared to LSP and LCP, suggesting that estrogens influence epithelial height. In the isthmus, there were significant differences between FSP and LSP groups (P<0.05). These results indicate that the porcine uterine tube epithelium changes its height during the estrous cycle. The epithelial height does not appear to be influenced by tubarian pathologies
Assuntos
Animais , Tubas Uterinas , Fase Folicular , Fase Luteal , SuínosRESUMO
The aim of this work was to perform a morphometric analysis of the uterine tube epithelium of sexually mature sows, with or without pathological changes. The sows were either in follicular or luteal phases. One hundred and twenty-four uterine tubes of sixty-two sows were obtained from slaughterhouses. Sections of the uterine tube, uterus and ovary were processed for morphometrical evaluation. The uterine tubes were divided into four groups. The first (LSP) group was composed by animals in luteal phase without pathological changes (n=45), the second (LCP) by animals in luteal phase with pathological changes (n=19), the third (FSP) by animals in follicular phase without pathological changes (n=45) and the fourth (FCP) by animals in follicular phase with pathological changes (n=15). In the follicular phase (FSP), the ampulla had a higher epithelium, followed by the infundibulum and the isthmus (P<0.05). Tubal epithelium was higher in the animals of FSP and FCP groups when compared to LSP and LCP, suggesting that estrogens influence epithelial height. In the isthmus, there were significant differences between FSP and LSP groups (P<0.05). These results indicate that the porcine uterine tube epithelium changes its height during the estrous cycle. The epithelial height does not appear to be influenced by tubarian pathologies.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Suínos , Tubas Uterinas/patologia , Fase Folicular , Fase LutealRESUMO
The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effects of pinealectomy, adrenalectomy and pinealectomy-adrenalectomy upon the quantification of spermatogenic cells of rats. As such, 32 adult Wistar rats with a mean body weight of 331.7± 15.5g were assigned into one of the following treatments: (a) a sham-operated control group, consisting of nine animals; (b) ten pinealectomized animals; (c) seven adrenalectomized animals and (d) six pinealectomized plus adrenalectomized animals. No significant differences were observed between groups for the following parameters: body, testes, prostate and seminal vesicle weights, seminiferous tubular diameter, number of cells per seminiferous tubular cross sections (primary spermatocytes at pachytene, round spermatids, Sertoli cells) and numbers of germ cells per Sertoli cell (primary spermatocytes at pachytene and round spermatids ). Although no increase in testicular weight was observed following pinealectomy, a significant (P<0.05) increase of approximately 11.5 percent in the number of round spermatids per Sertoli cell (Sertoli cell ratio) occurred thus suggesting that short-term pinealectomy abolishes the antigonadal effect of the pineal gland upon adult Wistar rat testes
Assuntos
Animais , Masculino , Adulto , Ratos , Adrenalectomia , EspermatogêneseRESUMO
The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effects of pinealectomy, adrenalectomy and pinealectomy-adrenalectomy upon the quantification of spermatogenic cells of rats. As such, 32 adult Wistar rats with a mean body weight of 331.7± 15.5g were assigned into one of the following treatments: (a) a sham-operated control group, consisting of nine animals; (b) ten pinealectomized animals; (c) seven adrenalectomized animals and (d) six pinealectomized plus adrenalectomized animals. No significant differences were observed between groups for the following parameters: body, testes, prostate and seminal vesicle weights, seminiferous tubular diameter, number of cells per seminiferous tubular cross sections (primary spermatocytes at pachytene, round spermatids, Sertoli cells) and numbers of germ cells per Sertoli cell (primary spermatocytes at pachytene and round spermatids ). Although no increase in testicular weight was observed following pinealectomy, a significant (P<0.05) increase of approximately 11.5% in the number of round spermatids per Sertoli cell (Sertoli cell ratio) occurred thus suggesting that short-term pinealectomy abolishes the antigonadal effect of the pineal gland upon adult Wistar rat testes.(AU)
Os objetivos deste estudo foram avaliar os efeitos da pinealectomia, da adrenalectomia e da adrenalectomia mais pinealectomia na quantificação das células espermatogênicas de ratos. Assim, 32 ratos adultos Wistar com peso corporal médio de 331,7± 15,5g foram alocados em um dos seguintes tratamentos: (a) um grupo controle simulado, composto de nove animais; (b) dez animais pinealectomizados; (c) sete animais adrenalectomizados e (d) seis animais pinealectomizados+adrenalectomizados. Não foram encontradas diferenças significativas entre grupos para os seguintes parâmetros: pesos corporal, dos testículos, da próstata e das vesículas seminais, diâmetro dos túbulos seminíferos, número de células por corte transversal de túbulo seminífero (espermatócitos primários em paquíteno, espermátides arredondadas, células de Sertoli) e números de células espermáticas por célula de Sertoli (espermatócitos primários em paquíteno e espermátides arredondadas). Apesar do peso testicular não ter aumentado após a pinealectomia, houve aumento significativo (P<0,05) de aproximadamente 11,5% no número de espermátides arredondadas por célula de Sertoli (índice de célula de Sertoli), sugerindo que após curto intervalo a pinealectomia abole o efeito anti-gonádico da pineal sobre os testículos de ratos Wistar adultos.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Masculino , Adulto , Ratos , Espermatogênese , AdrenalectomiaRESUMO
The ontogenesis of glucagon-producing cells of the ileum and colon of pouch young and of weaned and adult opossums Didelphis albiventris was studied in comparison with the endocrine argyrophilic cell population development. In the ileum, the mean population of argyrophilic cells/mm(2) increased with ontogenesis from 122.9 +/- 18.7 in the pouch young to 211.4 +/- 48.9 in adult animals, while the number of glucagon-immunoreactive cells/mm(2) remained practically constant, i.e. 29.2 +/- 7.3 in the pouch young and 28.1 +/- 5.0 in the adult animal. In the colon, the population of argyrophilic cells/mm(2) remained constant throughout ontogenesis, i.e. 45.8 +/- 6.2 in the pouch young and 48.9 +/- 10.4 in the adult animals. In turn, the enteroglucagon-producing cells increase in number from 4.5 +/- 2.9 to 14.6 +/- 5.2 cells/mm(2) from the pouch young to the adult. We conclude that the intestinal glucagon-producing cells of D. albiventris present a differentiated development in the ileum and colon. This fact suggests that glucagon-immunoreactive cells may play a distinct role in these segments of the intestine during ontogenesis.
Assuntos
Colo/citologia , Células Enteroendócrinas/citologia , Glucagon/análise , Íleo/citologia , Mucosa Intestinal/citologia , Gambás/anatomia & histologia , Animais , Células Enteroendócrinas/química , Feminino , Técnicas de Preparação Histocitológica , Masculino , Gambás/crescimento & desenvolvimentoRESUMO
Foram analisados histologicamente 64 ovários de ovelhas lanadas adultas, procedentes do Centro de Pesquisa dos Campos Sul Brasileiros-Embrapa, Bagé-RS. Constatou-se, em 55 dos 64 ovários (85,9 por cento), a presença da rete ovarii, localizada no tecido periovariano, no hilo, na medular ou na cortical. A semelhança do observado em outros mamíferos, a rete ovarii na ovelha é morfologicamente dividida em três porçöes: rete intra-ovárica, rete conectante e rete extra-ovárica. Em cinco ovários (7,8 por cento) foi possível verificar uma continuidade entre a rete extra-ovárica e a tuba uterina sugerindo uma conexäo tubo-retial, de maneira similar à descrita para bovinos e para a corça. Quanto à patologia da rete, observaram-se a formaçäo de cistos envolvendo a rete conectante e/ou extra-ovárica em sete casos (10,9 por cento) e um caso de hiperplasia da rete extra-ovárica (1,6 por cento)
Assuntos
Animais , Feminino , Ovário , Patologia Veterinária , OvinosRESUMO
Sixty-four ovaries of adult woolly sheep from the Centro de Pesquisa dos Campos Sul Brasileiros - Embrapa, Bagé-RS, Brazil, were analyzed histologically. The presence of the rete ovarii was detected in 55 of the 64 ovaries (85.9%), located in the periovarian tissue, in the hilus and in the medullary or cortical regions. As also observed in other mammals, the rete ovarii of sheep is morphologically divided into three portions: intraovarian rete, connecting rete and extraovarian rete. Continuity between the extraovarian rete and the uterine tube was observed in five ovaries (7.8%), suggesting a tuboretial connection, as reported for cows and does. Pathological examination of the rete showed the formation of cysts surrounding the connecting and/or extraovarian rete in seven cases (10.9%) and one case of hyperplasia of the extraovarian rete (1.6%).
Foram analisados histologicamente 64 ovários de ovelhas lanadas adultas, procedentes do Centro de Pesquisa dos Campos Sul Brasileiros-Embrapa, Bagé-RS. Constatou-se, em 55 dos 64 ovários (85,9%), a presença da rete ovarii, localizada no tecido periovariano, no hilo, na medular ou na cortical. À semelhança do observado em outros mamíferos, a rete ovarii na ovelha é morfologicamente dividida em três porções: rete intra-ovárica, rete conectante e rete extra-ovárica. Em cinco ovários (7,8%) foi possível verificar uma continuidade entre a rete extra-ovárica e a tuba uterina, sugerindo uma conexão tubo-retial, de maneira similar à descrita para bovinos e para a corça. Quanto à patologia da rete, observaram-se a formação de cistos envolvendo a rete conectante e/ou extra-ovárica em sete casos (10,9%) e um caso de hiperplasia da rete extra-ovárica (1,6%).
RESUMO
O presente trabalho relata os níveis teciduais de glicogênio, frutose e ácido cítrico na próstata do gambá (Didelphis albiventris) com o objetivo de verificar possível variaçäo sazonal na atividade secretora dos diferentes segmentos glandulares (cranial, médio e caudal). O peso da próstata dos animais do período de acasalamento é maior que aquele dos animais no período de näo acasalamento. As concentraçöes de ácido cítrico nos segmentos prostáticos médio e caudal diferem nos dois períodos. As concentraçöes de glicogênio e frutose no segmento caudal säo mais altas no período de acasalamento, sugerindo uma atividade secretora sazonal
Assuntos
Animais , Masculino , Ácido Cítrico , Frutose , Glicogênio , Gambás , PróstataRESUMO
Gastric glucagon-producing cells of the pouch young, weaned and adult opossum Didelphis albiventris were investigated by immunocytochemical and ultrastructural methods. In sections of the oxyntic mucosa stained by immunoperoxidase it was observed that glucagon-immunoreactive cells increased in number during pouch development (from 7.9 +/- 4.7 to 35.4 +/- 5.9 cells/mm2), decreasing progressively to weaned (14.2 +/- 4.8 cells/mm2) and adult animals (10.4 +/- 3.0 cells/mm2). The glucagon-immunoreactive cells presented numerous electrondense, round cytoplasmic granules surrounded by a membrane. Frequently, the dense core of the granules was separated from the enveloping membrane by a delicate electronlucent halo or by a less electrondense peripheral halo. This pattern of the granular component was similar to the ultrastructural morphology observed in pancreatic islet glucagon-producing cells and A-like cells of the gastric mucosa of those eutherian mammals studied so far.
Assuntos
Mucosa Gástrica/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Glucagon/biossíntese , Gambás/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Células Parietais Gástricas/citologia , Animais , Grânulos Citoplasmáticos/ultraestrutura , Feminino , Mucosa Gástrica/citologia , Glucagon/análise , Masculino , Microscopia Eletrônica , Células Parietais Gástricas/metabolismo , Células Parietais Gástricas/ultraestruturaRESUMO
Pouch-young of the opossum Didelphis albiventris were studied. They were removed from the marsupium at a crown-rump length (CRL) of 9.0 to 100.0 mm and submitted to differential staining of the bone and cartilage. Newborn D. albiventris of 9.0 to 10.0 mm CRL have a cartilaginous skeleton, with no macroscopic evidence of ossification. In 10.5 to 13.0 mm CRL pouch-young, ossification occurs in the bones surrounding the oral cavity, clavicle, ribs, cervical and thoracic vertebrae and thoracic limbs, structures necessary to ensure the survival and maintenance of the newborn in the marsupium. Ossification of most of the skull begins in 15.5 to 16.0 mm CRL pouch-young. The ossification in the pelvis and the pelvic limbs is observed at 18.0 mm CRL and in the sternum and the epipubic bone at 25.0 to 28.0 mm CRL. Most of the skeleton is ossified in 45.0 to 58.0 mm CRL pouch-young, except in the carpus, tarsus and epiphyses of the long bones where ossification occurs in 60.0 to 100.0 mm CRL pouch-young. In the skeleton of D. albiventris the omosternum, haemal arches, prepollex, prehallux and parafibula, are present. These are inconstant or absent elements in eutherian mammals.