RESUMO
Plant disease administration is difficult due to the nature of phytopathogens. Biological control is a safe method to avoid the problems related to fungal diseases affecting crop productivity and some human pathogenic bacteria. For that, the antimicrobial activity of the seaweed Sargassum muticum methanol and water extracts were investigated against human bacterial pathogens and fungal plant pathogens. By using 70 percent methanol, the seaweed powder was extracted, feeding additives assay, ultrastructure (TEM). Results revealed significant inhibition of S. muticum methanol extract against Salmonella typhi (25.66 mm), Escherichia coli (24.33 mm), Staphylococcus aureus (22.33 mm) and Bacillus subtilis. (19.66 mm), some fungal phytopathogens significantly inhibited Fusarium moniliforme (30.33mm), Pythium ultimum (26.33 mm), Aspergillus flavus (24.36mm), and Macrophomina phaseolina (22.66mm). Phytochemical investigation of S. muticum extract showed the presence of phenolic and flavonoid compounds. Results suggested that there is an appreciable level of antioxidant potential in S. muticum (79.86%) DPPH scavenging activity. Ultrastructural studies of Fusarium moniliforme hypha grown on a medium containing S. muticum extract at concentration 300mg/ml showed a thickening cell wall, disintegration of cytoplasm, large lipid bodies and vacuoles. In conclusion, our study revealed The antibacterial activity of S. muticum extract significantly against some Gram positive, Gram negative bacteria and antifungal activity against some phytopathogenic and some mycotoxin producer fungi. Flavonoids, phenolic play an important role as antioxidants and antimicrobial properties. Such study revealed that S. muticum methanol extract could be used as ecofriendly biocontrol for phytopathogenic fungi and feeding additives to protect livestock products.
A administração de doenças de plantas é difícil devido à natureza dos fitopatógenos. O controle biológico é um método seguro para evitar problemas relacionados a doenças fúngicas que afetam a produtividade das culturas e algumas bactérias patogênicas ao homem. Para isso, a atividade antimicrobiana da alga marinha Sargassum muticum metanol e de extratos aquosos foi investigada contra patógenos bacterianos humanos e fitopatógenos fúngicos. Usando metanol a 70%, o pó de algas marinhas foi extraído do ensaio de aditivos alimentares, a ultraestrutura (TEM). Os resultados revelaram inibição significativa do extrato metanólico de S. muticum contra Salmonella typhi (25,66 mm), Escherichia coli (24,33 mm), Staphylococcus aureus (22,33 mm) e Bacillus subtilis (19,66 mm). Alguns fitopatógenos fúngicos inibiram significativamente Fusarium moniliforme (30,33 mm), Pythium ultimum (26,33 mm), Aspergillus flavus (24,36 mm) e Macrophomina phaseolina (22,66 mm). A investigação fitoquímica do extrato de S. muticum mostrou a presença de compostos fenólicos e flavonoides. Os resultados sugeriram que há um nível apreciável de potencial antioxidante na atividade de eliminação de DPPH de S. muticum (79,86%). Estudos ultraestruturais da hifa de Fusarium moniliforme cultivada em meio contendo extrato de S. muticum na concentração de 300 mg/ml mostraram espessamento da parede celular, desintegração do citoplasma, grandes corpos lipídicos e vacúolos. Em conclusão, nosso estudo revelou a atividade antibacteriana do extrato de S. muticum significativamente contra algumas bactérias Gram-positivas, Gram-negativas e atividade antifúngica contra alguns fungos fitopatogênicos e alguns produtores de micotoxinas. Flavonoides e fenólicos desempenham papel importante como antioxidantes e propriedades antimicrobianas. Tal estudo revelou que o extrato metanólico de S. muticum pode ser usado como biocontrole ecologicamente correto para fungos fitopatogênicos e aditivos alimentares para proteger os produtos pecuários.
Assuntos
Alga Marinha , Controle Biológico de Vetores , Sargassum , Fungos , Antioxidantes , Anti-InfecciososRESUMO
Plant disease administration is difficult due to the nature of phytopathogens. Biological control is a safe method to avoid the problems related to fungal diseases affecting crop productivity and some human pathogenic bacteria. For that, the antimicrobial activity of the seaweed Sargassum muticum methanol and water extracts were investigated against human bacterial pathogens and fungal plant pathogens. By using 70 percent methanol, the seaweed powder was extracted, feeding additives assay, ultrastructure (TEM). Results revealed significant inhibition of S. muticum methanol extract against Salmonella typhi (25.66 mm), Escherichia coli (24.33 mm), Staphylococcus aureus (22.33 mm) and Bacillus subtilis. (19.66 mm), some fungal phytopathogens significantly inhibited Fusarium moniliforme (30.33mm), Pythium ultimum (26.33 mm), Aspergillus flavus (24.36mm), and Macrophomina phaseolina (22.66mm). Phytochemical investigation of S. muticum extract showed the presence of phenolic and flavonoid compounds. Results suggested that there is an appreciable level of antioxidant potential in S. muticum (79.86%) DPPH scavenging activity. Ultrastructural studies of Fusarium moniliforme hypha grown on a medium containing S. muticum extract at concentration 300mg/ml showed a thickening cell wall, disintegration of cytoplasm, large lipid bodies and vacuoles. In conclusion, our study revealed The antibacterial activity of S. muticum extract significantly against some Gram positive, Gram negative bacteria and antifungal activity against some phytopathogenic and some mycotoxin producer fungi. Flavonoids, phenolic play an important role as antioxidants and antimicrobial properties. Such study revealed that S. muticum methanol extract could be used as ecofriendly biocontrol for phytopathogenic fungi and feeding additives to protect livestock products.