RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to examine the connections between family dynamics and the psychosocial functioning of children with spinal cord injuries and disorders (SCI/D). DESIGN: Cross-sectional. SETTING: Participants were recruited from communities in Neiva, Colombia. PARTICIPANTS: Thirty children with SCI/D and their primary caregiver participated. Children were between 8 and 17 years of age, and had sustained their injury at least six months prior to data collection. INTERVENTIONS: NA. OUTCOME MEASURES: Participating children completed measures assessing their own psychosocial functioning (Children's Depression Inventory, Revised Children's Manifest Anxiety Scale-2, Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory), and their primary caregiver completed measures of family dynamics (Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scale- Fourth Edition, Family Communication Scale, Family Assessment Device- General Functioning, Family Satisfaction Scale, Relationship-Focused Coping Scale). RESULTS: A correlation matrix showed a number of significant bivariate correlations between child and family variables, and three multiple regressions showed that family satisfaction, empathy, and flexibility significantly explained 27% of the variance in child worry; family satisfaction and communication explained 18% of the variance in child social anxiety; and family cohesion and communication explained 23% of the variance in child emotional functioning. CONCLUSIONS: These findings highlight the importance of rehabilitation professionals considering the association between family dynamics and the psychosocial functioning of children with SCI/D when working with this population.
Assuntos
Relações Familiares , Comportamento Social , Traumatismos da Medula Espinal/psicologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Criança , Colômbia , Emoções , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Qualidade de Vida , Traumatismos da Medula Espinal/epidemiologia , Traumatismos da Medula Espinal/reabilitaçãoRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: No studies have examined psychological functioning among youth with spina bifida (SB) living in a developing country where access to mental health resources is often scarce. This study compared self-reported psychological functioning between youth with SB living in Colombia, South America, and a demographically matched comparison group of healthy Colombian children. METHODS: 22 children with SB and 22 comparison children completed assessments of depression and anxiety. Most (68.81%) participants were male, and the sample had a mean age of 13.25 years (SD = 2.65 years). RESULTS: Results revealed that children with SB reported greater total symptoms of depression (p < .05), but fewer worry-related symptoms of anxiety (p < .05). In addition, mean total scores for both depression and anxiety were in the nonclinical range for youth with SB. CONCLUSIONS: These findings highlight the need for targeted mental health (i.e., depression) services for poor children with SB living in Colombia.
Assuntos
Transtornos de Ansiedade/epidemiologia , Transtornos de Ansiedade/psicologia , Transtorno Depressivo/epidemiologia , Transtorno Depressivo/psicologia , Disrafismo Espinal/epidemiologia , Disrafismo Espinal/psicologia , Adolescente , Criança , Colômbia/epidemiologia , Depressão/psicologia , Países em Desenvolvimento , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Qualidade de Vida/psicologia , América do Sul , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
For children with sickle cell disease (SCD), pain is associated with significant current and future morbidity and mortality. Unfortunately, few evidence-based guidelines exist for the management of pain episodes in children with SCD. To inform empirically based treatment strategies for pain management in pediatric SCD, this review integrates and evaluates the extant literature on psychosocial and pharmacological approaches to the management of pain. Findings reveal a paucity of rigorous investigations of psychosocial and pharmacological pain management interventions in children with SCD. Psychosocial interventions included were primarily cognitive-behavioral in nature, whereas pharmacological approaches targeted non-opioid analgesics (ie, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and corticosteroids) and opioid medications (ie, morphine and oxycodone). However, to date there is not a "gold standard" for pain management among children with SCD. Because psychosocial and physiological processes each play a role in the etiology and experience of pain, effective pain management requires multidimensional, comprehensive treatment approaches. Considering the significant impact of pain on functional outcomes and quality of life among children with SCD, additional clinical trials are warranted to ensure that interventions are safe and efficacious.