RESUMO
We have derived an expression of the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI), where all the three components of the DMI vector can be calculated independently, for a general, non-collinear magnetic configuration. The formalism is implemented in a real space-linear muffin-tin orbital-atomic sphere approximation (RS-LMTO-ASA) method. We have chosen the Cr triangular trimer on Au(111) and Mn triangular trimers on Ag(111) and Au(111) surfaces as numerical examples. The results show that the DMI (module and direction) is drastically different between collinear and non-collinear states. Based on the relation between the spin and charge currents flowing in the system and their coupling to the non-collinear magnetic configuration of the triangular trimer, we demonstrate that the DMI interaction can be significant, even in the absence of spin-orbit coupling. This is shown to emanate from the non-collinear magnetic structure, that can induce significant spin and charge currents even with spin-orbit coupling is ignored.
RESUMO
A leptospirose é uma doença infecciosa causada por bactérias do gênero Leptospira spp, com ampla distribuição geográfica e evidenciada em países de clima tropical e subtropical. Essa enfermidade pode levar a consideráveis perdas econômicas no rebanho leiteiro, pois o animal apresenta aborto e queda na produção. Os aspectos da epidemiologia da leptospirose em bovinos merecem mais atenção por ser uma doença crônica, caracterizada principalmente por problemas reprodutivos, pode ocasionar infertilidade, provocando retenção de placenta,nascimentos prematuro e até morte. Objetivou-se com este trabalho, avaliar a ocorrência de leptospirose e os sorovares mais frequentes, em um rebanho bovino leiteiro com histórico de aborto. Os animais avaliados eram provenientes da fazenda escolado Centro Universitário de Patos de Minas-MG e não eram vacinados contra leptospirose. Foram colhidas amostras de sorosanguineo de 30 vacas da raça Holandesa por meio de punção da veia coccígea caudal. O diagnóstico foi realizado por meio da técnica de Soroaglutinação Microscópica (SAM), utilizando-se uma coleção de 14 antígenos vivos de Leptospira spp, sorovares: Autumnalis, Australis, Bratislava, Canicola, Copenhageni, Djasiman, Grippothyphosa, Hardjo, Hebdomadis, Icterohaemorrhagiae, Pomona, Pyrogenes, Tarassovi e Wolffi. Foram consideradas reagentes as amostras de soro sanguíneo que aglutinaram pelo men
RESUMO
The magnetic properties of FexCo1-x nanochains on Pt(1 1 1) were studied using the first-principles real-space linear muffin-tin orbital-atomic sphere approximation (RS-LMTO-ASA) method within the density functional theory. The relative amounts of Fe and Co atoms in a chosen nanochain were varied and several possible arrangements of the atomic species were taken into account. The results of the exchange interaction demonstrates ferromagnetic coupling for the nanowires. Our calculations of Fe and Co average magnetic moments reveal a large enhancement of both spin and orbital moments compared to Fe-Co films deposited on a Pt(1 1 1) surface. The trend for the orbital moments with respect to stoichiometry differs from all previous higher-dimensional Fe-Co alloys on Pt(1 1 1) studies.
Assuntos
Cobalto/química , Compostos de Ferro/química , Campos Magnéticos , Nanopartículas Metálicas/química , Nanopartículas Metálicas/ultraestrutura , Modelos Químicos , Platina/química , Simulação por Computador , Impedância Elétrica , Imãs , Conformação Molecular , Propriedades de SuperfícieRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Galectin-3 has been implicated in tumor progression of some malignancies as thyroid, prostate, and salivary gland tumors. Recently, it has been suggested that this protein may be an important mediator of the beta-catenin/Wnt pathway. Moreover, nuclear galectin-3 expression has been implicated in cell proliferation, promoting cyclin D1 activation. Thus, the present study aimed to correlate galectin-3 expression with beta-catenin and cyclin D1 expressions in adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) and in polymorphous low-grade adenocarcinoma (PLGA). METHODS: Fifteen formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded cases of each tumor were retrieved from the files of the Surgical Oral Pathology Service at the University of São Paulo and the proteins were analyzed by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: Adenoid cystic carcinoma showed galectin-3 immunostaining mainly in the nuclei, while PLGA revealed a positive mostly cytoplasmic reaction to galectin-3 in the largest part of tumor cells. Both tumors showed intense cytoplasmic/nuclear staining for beta-catenin in majority of cases. Cyclin D1 immunoreactivity was not detected in 14/15 PLGA and showed specific nuclear staining in 10/15 cases of ACC in more than 5% of the neoplastic cells. Cyclin D1 expression was correlated with cytoplasmic and nuclear galectin-3 expression in ACC (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that in ACC galectin-3 may play a role in cellular proliferation through cyclin D1 activation. In addition, nuclear expression of galectin-3 in ACC may be related to a more aggressive behavior of this lesion. Although beta-catenin seems to play a role in carcinogenesis in both lesions, it seems that it does not bind to galectin-3 for cyclin D1 stimulation.
Assuntos
Adenocarcinoma/metabolismo , Carcinoma Adenoide Cístico/metabolismo , Ciclina D1/biossíntese , Galectina 3/biossíntese , Neoplasias das Glândulas Salivares/metabolismo , beta Catenina/biossíntese , Adenocarcinoma/química , Adenocarcinoma/patologia , Carcinoma Adenoide Cístico/química , Membrana Celular/metabolismo , Núcleo Celular/metabolismo , Transformação Celular Neoplásica , Citoplasma/metabolismo , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica , Humanos , Imuno-Histoquímica , Estudos Retrospectivos , Neoplasias das Glândulas Salivares/química , Transdução de Sinais , Proteínas Wnt/fisiologiaRESUMO
Determinou-se a composição química do sorgo pela espectroscopia de reflectância no infravermelho próximo (NIRS), comparando-a com os dados obtidos pelas análises convencionais de laboratório. Foram utilizadas 132 amostras de quatro variedades de sorgo: AG212 (porte alto), AG 2002 (porte alto), AG 2005 (duplo propósito) e AG 213 (porte alto). Com o intuito de se obter uma curva ampla, todas as amostras foram agrupadas compondo uma curva denominada sorgo in natura. As variáveis avaliadas foram carboidratos solúveis (CHO sol), fibra detergente neutro (FDN), fibra detergente ácido (FDA), proteína bruta (PB), matéria seca (MS) e digestibilidade in vitro da matéria seca (DIVMS). Utilizou-se o tratamento de absorbância e foram encontrados os seguintes coeficientes de determinação ( por cento): CHO sol = 98,7, FDN = 96,4, FDA = 98,1, PB = 99,5, MS = 95,8 e DIVMS = 93,1. A calibração foi boa (baixo erro de calibração e alto coeficiente de determinação) para o tratamento de absorbância.(AU)
The study aimed to evaluate the near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) technique potential for predicting the chemical composition of sorghum. One hundred thirty two samples of four sorghum hybrids: AG212 (tall size), AG2002 (tall size), AG 2005 (dual purpose) and AG213 (tall size) were used in the analyses. The chemical composition was evaluated for the following fractions: dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) and carboydrates (CHO). The coefficients of determination (R2) for the fractions DM, CP, NDF, ADF, IVDMD and CHO were: 95.8, 99.5, 96.4, 98.1, 93.1 and 98.7%, respectively. Low sec-error and high coefficient of determination were observed for the absorbance treatment.(AU)
Assuntos
Sorghum/química , Composição de Alimentos , Análise EspectralRESUMO
Determinou-se a composiçäo química do sorgo pela espectroscopia de reflectância no infravermelho próximo (NIRS), comparando-a com os dados obtidos pelas análises convencionais de laboratório. Foram utilizadas 132 amostras de quatro variedades de sorgo: AG212 (porte alto), AG 2002 (porte alto), AG 2005 (duplo propósito) e AG 213 (porte alto). Com o intuito de se obter uma curva ampla, todas as amostras foram agrupadas compondo uma curva denominada sorgo in natura. As variáveis avaliadas foram carboidratos solúveis (CHO sol), fibra detergente neutro (FDN), fibra detergente ácido (FDA), proteína bruta (PB), matéria seca (MS) e digestibilidade in vitro da matéria seca (DIVMS). Utilizou-se o tratamento de absorbância e foram encontrados os seguintes coeficientes de determinaçäo ( por cento): CHO sol = 98,7, FDN = 96,4, FDA = 98,1, PB = 99,5, MS = 95,8 e DIVMS = 93,1. A calibraçäo foi boa (baixo erro de calibraçäo e alto coeficiente de determinaçäo) para o tratamento de absorbância.
Assuntos
Grão Comestível , Espectroscopia de Luz Próxima ao InfravermelhoRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: We conducted a comparative analysis of the in-hospital outcomes of patients who underwent primary percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTCA) or stent implantation because of an acute myocardial infarction (AMI) related to an acute vein graft occlusion. METHODS: Since 1991 the Brazilian Society of Hemodynamic and Interventional Cardiology has maintained a large database (CENIC). From these, we selected all consecutive patients, who underwent primary PTCA or stenting in the first 24 hours of AMI, with the target vessel being an occluded vein graft. Immediate results and major coronary events occurring up until hospital discharge were analyzed. RESULTS: During this period, 5,932 patients underwent primary PTCA or stenting; 158 (3%) of the procedures were performed because of an acute vein graft occlusion. Stenting was performed in 74 (47%) patients. Patients treated with stents had a higher success rate and lower mean residual stenosis compared with those who underwent primary balloon PTCA. The incidence of reinfarction and death were similar for stenting and balloon PTCA. CONCLUSION: Primary percutaneous treatment of AMI related to acute vein graft occlusion is still an uncommon practice. Primary stenting improved luminal diameter and offered higher rates of success; however, this strategy did not reduce the in-hospital reinfarction and death rate, compared with that occurring with PTCA treatment.
Assuntos
Angioplastia Coronária com Balão , Oclusão de Enxerto Vascular/terapia , Infarto do Miocárdio/terapia , Veia Safena/transplante , Stents , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Brasil/epidemiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Infarto do Miocárdio/mortalidade , Sistema de Registros , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
CONTEXT: Breast cancer is the most important neoplasm in adult women, and its worldwide incidence is growing. The tumoral stroma is very important for modulating the growth and invasion of the tumor itself. The relationship between these two components is not completely understood. Schirrous carcinoma is a variant of ductal invasive carcinoma in which the stroma is very desmoplastic, and the importance of this finding still a motive for debate in the literature. OBJECTIVE: To compare the desmoplastic reactions against biological markers, such as estrogen and progesterone receptors, oncoprotein c-erbB-2 and oncoprotein p53, with the objective of studying the relationship between the tumoral stroma and epithelial cancer cells. TYPE OF STUDY: Retrospective study. SETTING: Cancer Hospital A C Camargo and Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil. SAMPLE: 107 adult women operated because of ductal invasive carcinoma. The cases were separated into 4 groups according to the desmoplastic reaction - less than 15 per cent, between 15-50 per cent, 51-85 per cent, and more than 85 per cent fibrosis. The grade of fibrosis was determined by picrus-sirius staining and quantified by using a microscope with a stereo-imaging grid. Immunohistochemical methods were used to determine the expression of the hormonal receptors and c-erbB-2/p53 oncoprotein. MAIN MEASUREMENTS: Extent of desmoplastic reaction versus expression of estrogen and progesterone receptors, oncoprotein c-erbB-2, and oncoprotein p53. RESULTS: The results showed that schirrous carcinoma expresses oncoprotein p53 more frequently than other carcinomas with less extensive desmoplastic reaction. There were no differences between the grade of fibrosis and the other biological markers. CONCLUSION: The intense stromal reaction in invasive ductal carcinoma may modulate the expression of p53. Further investigations should be made with the aim of understanding how this expression determines the proliferative activity in schirrous carcinoma, and whether this overexpression is secondary to mutation of the p53 gene or due to modulation of other molecules of the stroma.
Assuntos
Neoplasias da Mama/metabolismo , Carcinoma Ductal de Mama/metabolismo , Receptor ErbB-2/metabolismo , Receptores de Esteroides/metabolismo , Proteína Supressora de Tumor p53/metabolismo , Adulto , Biomarcadores Tumorais/genética , Biomarcadores Tumorais/metabolismo , Neoplasias da Mama/genética , Carcinoma Ductal de Mama/genética , Feminino , Humanos , Mutação , Receptor ErbB-2/genética , Receptores de Estrogênio/genética , Receptores de Estrogênio/metabolismo , Receptores de Progesterona/genética , Receptores de Progesterona/metabolismo , Receptores de Esteroides/genética , Estudos Retrospectivos , Proteína Supressora de Tumor p53/genéticaRESUMO
We observed six cases of patients in a dialysis programme who were apparently intoxicated by ingestion of star fruit. After ingestion of 2-3 fruits or 150-200 ml of the fruit juice, the six patients, who had previously been stable in a regular dialysis programme, developed a variety of symptoms ranging from insomnia and hiccups to agitation, mental confusion and (in one case) death. In preliminary investigations to characterize the hypothetical neurotoxin in the fruit, an extract, when injected intraperitoneally or intracerebroventricularly in rats, provoked persistent convulsions of the tonic-clonic type. It appears that star fruit (Averrhoa carambola) contains an excitatory neurotoxin. Patients with renal failure on conservative or dialysis treatment should be dissuaded from ingestion of the fruit.
Assuntos
Frutas/intoxicação , Diálise Renal , Idoso , Animais , Brasil , Confusão/induzido quimicamente , Nefropatias Diabéticas/complicações , Nefropatias Diabéticas/terapia , Feminino , Soluço/induzido quimicamente , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Neurotoxinas/intoxicação , Diálise Peritoneal Ambulatorial Contínua , Extratos Vegetais/intoxicação , Ratos , Convulsões/induzido quimicamente , Transtornos do Sono-Vigília/induzido quimicamenteRESUMO
PURPOSE: To study anatomical limitation of coronary angioplasty, as alternative therapy in patients with multivessel disease and submitted to bypass surgery. METHODS: In 380 patients with multivessel disease and submitted to previous coronary bypass surgery, age ranged from 41 to 72 (average = 51) years, being 68% males. The following parameters were analyzed in the coronary arteriographies: anatomic aspects of the coronary arteries and distribution of the atherosclerotic stenosis. The patients were arranged in accordance to the criteria: complete revascularization, incomplete and no indication for coronary angioplasty. RESULTS: The patients were arranged in 3 different groups: I-80 (21%) patients included those in whom complete revascularization would be possible; II--55 (14.5%) patients in whom only incomplete revascularization but satisfactory would be possible and III--245 (65.5%) those patients in whom coronary angioplasty would no have indication. The data referind the patients of groups I and II were analyzed together--135 (35.5%) and arranged according to the number of arteries involved. It was observed: two vessel disease--71.8%, three vessel--18.6% and 4 or more vessel--9.6%. In group III it was observed 51.0% of the patients with 3 or more vessel disease. The major factors to contra indicate coronary angioplasty in group III included: chronic coronary obstruction 99 (40.4%); diffuse disease 11 (4.5%); technical difficulties 10 (4.1%); left main coronary artery obstruction 5 (2%) or when two or more causes were combined 120 (49%). CONCLUSIONS: Patients with multivessel disease and classic indication for coronary bypass surgery, have a basic limitation for angioplasty due to several anatomic factors. However, coronary angioplasty could be beneficial for a selected group of patients (35.5%) whenever a complete or incomplete revascularization could be obtained.
Assuntos
Angioplastia com Balão , Doença das Coronárias/terapia , Vasos Coronários/patologia , Revascularização Miocárdica , Adulto , Idoso , Contraindicações , Angiografia Coronária , Doença das Coronárias/diagnóstico por imagem , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos RetrospectivosAssuntos
Histoplasmose/diagnóstico , Pneumopatias Fúngicas/diagnóstico , Adulto , Feminino , Histoplasmose/diagnóstico por imagem , Histoplasmose/tratamento farmacológico , Humanos , Cetoconazol/uso terapêutico , Pulmão/patologia , Pneumopatias Fúngicas/diagnóstico por imagem , Pneumopatias Fúngicas/tratamento farmacológico , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , RadiografiaAssuntos
Humanos , Nervo Mediano , Nervo Musculocutâneo , Ligadura , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos OperatóriosRESUMO
Os autores estudaram a etiopatogenia do enfisema pulmonar relacionando os varios fatores envolvidos. Assim, analisou-se as principais etiologias, como a importancia das infeccoes bronquicas por Haemophilus influenzae; a acao do cadmio e de enzimas proteoliticas, dentre as quais a alfa-antitripsina; a influencia de fatores congenitos; e, a influencia do proprio intersticio pulmonar. Estes mecanismos etiopatogenicos sao relacionados as alteracoes fisiopatologicas e anatomopatologicas observadas