RESUMO
Objective: Studies focusing on telomere attrition in newborns and what factors could be involved in this issue are sparse; most reports have been in adult populations. Thereby, the aim of this study was to present an overview of what is currently known about the relationship between environmental exposure of the fetus during pregnancy and telomere length outcomes in early life. Methods: The MEDLINE (via PubMed) and Bireme databases were searched for studies published until 1 June 2016. Studies that reported telomere length measurement from birth to age 1 year were included. Results: Fifteen articles were selected that evaluated possible relationships between maternal smoking, hyperglycemia, hypertension, sleep apnea, psychological stress, folate concentration in early pregnancy, and radiation, in addition to small-for-gestational-age status and preterm birth. We found that sleep apnea, psychological stress, and folate concentration in early pregnancy were associated with telomere shortening in the newborn. No association was found with radiation, small-for-gestational-age status, or preterm birth. Results for maternal smoking, hyperglycemia, and hypertension were conflicting, and further studies should be considered. Conclusion: The actual clinical implications of these findings have yet to be investigated.
Assuntos
Complicações na Gravidez , Efeitos Tardios da Exposição Pré-Natal/genética , Encurtamento do Telômero/fisiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Masculino , Gravidez , Complicações na Gravidez/genética , Complicações na Gravidez/fisiopatologia , Estresse Psicológico/complicações , Estresse Psicológico/genética , Estresse Psicológico/fisiopatologia , Telômero/metabolismoRESUMO
OBJETIVO: Avaliar a retenção de peso 12 meses após o parto e seus fatores associados entre mulheres que realizaram o pré-natal em Unidades de Saúde da cidade de Porto Alegre. MÉTODOS: Gestantes no terceiro trimestre gestacional foram identificadas em 20 Unidades de Saúde, e dados socioeconômicos, demográficos e antropométricos foram coletados. Seis e 12 meses após o parto, realizou-se visita domiciliar às mulheres participantes para obtenção das medidas antropométricas. O ganho de peso gestacional foi avaliado considerando-se o índice de massa corporal (IMC) pré-gestacional. A retenção de peso foi obtida pela subtração do peso pré-gestacional, e o peso aferido 6 e 12 meses após o parto. Para análise dos dados, utilizou-se o Teste de McNemar, a ANOVA com as comparações múltiplas de Bonferroni e a regressão linear múltipla. RESULTADOS: Das 715 gestantes entrevistadas, 545 foram avaliadas 12 meses após o parto. A prevalência de excesso de peso 12 meses após o parto foi superior comparado ao período pré-gestacional (52,9 versus 36,7%) e 30,7% das mulhere retiveram ≥10 kg. A retenção de peso 12 meses após o parto foi superior nas mulheres que apresentavam sobrepeso pré-gestacional (9,9±7,7 kg) em comparação àquelas eutróficas (7,6±6,2 kg). Maior IMC pré-gestacional, maior ganho de peso gestacional e ser adolescente foram associados com maior retenção de peso 12 meses após o parto (p<0,001). CONCLUSÃO: É necessária a adequada assistência pré-natal para minimizar os efeitos adversos do ganho de peso excessivo durante a gestação na saúde da mulher.
PURPOSE: To evaluate weight retention 12 months postpartum and factors associated among women who had received prenatal care at Health Care Centers in Porto Alegre, southern Brazil. METHODS: Pregnant women in the last trimester were identified at 20 Health Care Centers. Socioeconomic, demographic and anthropometrics data were obtained. Six and 12 months after delivery, the women received home visits for anthropometric measures. The gestational weight gain was defined by pre-pregnancy Body Mass Index (BMI). Weight retention was defined as the difference between pre-gestational weight and weight at postpartum. Data were analyzed using McNemar's Test, ANOVA with Bonferroni correction and multiple linear regression. RESULTS: Of the 715 pregnant women recruited, 545 were assessed 12 months after delivery. Women were more likely to be overweight 12 months postpartum compared to the pre-pregnancy period (52.9 versus 36.7%) and weight retention during the 12 months postpartum was more than 10 kg in 30.7% of the women. Weight retention in the postpartum period was higher among women who were overweight (9.9±7.7 kg) compared to those who were of normal weight during the pre-pregnancy period (7.6±6.2 kg). Pre-pregnancy BMI, gestational weight gain, and maternal age were associated with gestational weight retention 12 months postpartum (p<0.001). CONCLUSION: Adequate prenatal care is necessary to minimize the adverse effects of excessive weight gain during pregnancy on women's health.
Assuntos
Adolescente , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Gravidez , Adulto Jovem , Sobrepeso/epidemiologia , Cuidado Pré-Natal , Aumento de Peso , Índice de Massa Corporal , Sobrepeso/prevenção & controle , Fatores de RiscoRESUMO
PURPOSE: To evaluate weight retention 12 months postpartum and factors associated among women who had received prenatal care at Health Care Centers in Porto Alegre, southern Brazil. METHODS: Pregnant women in the last trimester were identified at 20 Health Care Centers. Socioeconomic, demographic and anthropometrics data were obtained. Six and 12 months after delivery, the women received home visits for anthropometric measures. The gestational weight gain was defined by pre-pregnancy Body Mass Index (BMI). Weight retention was defined as the difference between pre-gestational weight and weight at postpartum. Data were analyzed using McNemar's Test, ANOVA with Bonferroni correction and multiple linear regression. RESULTS: Of the 715 pregnant women recruited, 545 were assessed 12 months after delivery. Women were more likely to be overweight 12 months postpartum compared to the pre-pregnancy period (52.9 versus 36.7%) and weight retention during the 12 months postpartum was more than 10 kg in 30.7% of the women. Weight retention in the postpartum period was higher among women who were overweight (9.9 ± 7.7 kg) compared to those who were of normal weight during the pre-pregnancy period (7.6 ± 6.2 kg). Pre-pregnancy BMI, gestational weight gain, and maternal age were associated with gestational weight retention 12 months postpartum (p<0.001). CONCLUSION: Adequate prenatal care is necessary to minimize the adverse effects of excessive weight gain during pregnancy on women's health.