RESUMO

Lontra longicaudis Olfers, 1818 is a semi-aquatic carnivore widely distributed in the Neotropical region. Understanding their diet contributes to an indirect understanding of their ecology and the composition of the local fauna. To this end, we analyzed 109 fecal samples and identified 238 morphological structures; these samples were collected between May 2006 and September 2007 from the Santa Lúcia Biological Station (SLBS) in southeastern Brazil. The area is intersected by the Timbuí River, which arrives at the site after crossing the urban perimeter of the city of Santa Teresa in the state of Espírito Santo. We found a predominance of fish in the otters' diets (82%), mainly cichlids (50%), which are fish with sedentary habits and low mobility levels. The crustacean Trichodactylus fluviatilis Latreille, 1828 was the third most consumed taxon; this occurred mainly during the rainy season, corresponding to the crustacean's reproductive period, when it is more vulnerable to predation. Otters exhibited a seasonal variation in their prey selectivity. Furthermore, they displayed opportunistic foraging behavior, as the most preyed fish were those with both low mobility and a high frequency in the environment, followed by fish with high mobility and high frequency, and then those with low mobility and low frequency. We concluded that the feeding habits of the otters in the SLBS are in line with the optimal foraging theory since prey selection was optimized through the balance between net energy gained and the energy costs of foraging.

Assuntos

RESUMO

The present study aims to evaluate the antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of 130 strains of Escherichia coli isolated from viscera and upper respiratory tract poultry condemned for colibacillosis for Federal Inspection in the state of Tocantins. The poultry analyzed in this study were originated from the states of the Distrito Federal (DF), Goiás (GO), São Paulo (SP) and Tocantins (TO), to perform susceptibility testing antimicrobial (TSA) follow the methodology proposed by CLSI. The results showed that 76% and 72% of cepas coming from the State GO and TO, respectively, showed sensitivity to antibiotics tested. While the strains isolated in DF and SP showed sensitivity of 65% and 62% respectively. When analyzed the sensitivity profile of the formed groups, it was observed that most strains were susceptible, most notably the group of pleuromutilins (93%), followed by aminoglycosides (88%) and quinolones / fluoroquinolones (77%). Among the isolated cepas, 30.76% had multidrug resistance to antimicrobials. In the experimental conditions this work, among the antibiotics tested, only ceftioflur, florfenicol, ciprofloxacin, trimethoprim + sulphamethoxazole, gentamicin, amoxicillin + clavulanic acid are indicated for treating E. coli in chickens. From the data presented the use of antibiotics has not become a problem in the poultry farming since the antibiotics tested were mostly efficient on E. coli(AU)

Este estudo tem por objetivo avaliar o perfil de susceptibilidade antimicrobiana de 130 cepas de Escherichia coli isoladas de aves condenadas por colibacilose pela Inspeção Federal no estado do Tocantins, procedentes dos estados de Distrito Federal (DF), Goiás (GO), São Paulo (SP) e Tocantins (TO), a realização do teste de sensibilidade aos antimicrobianos (TSA) seguiu a metodologia proposta por CLSI. Os resultados mostraram que 76% e 72% das cepas provenientes do estado do GO e TO, respectivamente, apresentaram sensibilidade aos antimicrobianos testados. Enquanto as cepas isoladas no DF e SP apresentaram sensibilidade de 65% e 62% respectivamente. Quando analisado o perfil de sensibilidade dos grupos de antimicrobianos formados, observou-se que a maioria das amostras foram sensíveis, com maior destaque ao grupo das pleuromutilinas (93%), seguidos dos aminoglicosídeos (88%) e quinolonas/fluoroquinolonas (77%). Dentre as cepas isoladas, 30,76% apresentaram resistência a pelo menos dois antimicrobianos testados, recomendados para tratamento de aves. Nas condições experimentais deste trabalho, entre os antimicrobianos testados, apenas ceftioflur, florfenicol, ciprofloxacina, trimethoprim + sulfametoxazol, gentamicina, amoxicilina + ácido clavulânico foram indicados para tratamento de E. coli em frangos. E apensar da utilização de antimicrobianos não ter se mostrado um problema em nossos estudos nos estados estudados a multirresistência obtida ressalta a importância de uso criterioso e controlado destes fármacos na avicultura(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

The present study aims to evaluate the antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of 130 strains of Escherichia coli isolated from viscera and upper respiratory tract poultry condemned for colibacillosis for Federal Inspection in the state of Tocantins. The poultry analyzed in this study were originated from the states of the Distrito Federal (DF), Goiás (GO), São Paulo (SP) and Tocantins (TO), to perform susceptibility testing antimicrobial (TSA) follow the methodology proposed by CLSI. The results showed that 76% and 72% of cepas coming from the State GO and TO, respectively, showed sensitivity to antibiotics tested. While the strains isolated in DF and SP showed sensitivity of 65% and 62% respectively. When analyzed the sensitivity profile of the formed groups, it was observed that most strains were susceptible, most notably the group of pleuromutilins (93%), followed by aminoglycosides (88%) and quinolones / fluoroquinolones (77%). Among the isolated cepas, 30.76% had multidrug resistance to antimicrobials. In the experimental conditions this work, among the antibiotics tested, only ceftioflur, florfenicol, ciprofloxacin, trimethoprim + sulphamethoxazole, gentamicin, amoxicillin + clavulanic acid are indicated for treating E. coli in chickens. From the data presented the use of antibiotics has not become a problem in the poultry farming since the antibiotics tested were mostly efficient on E. coli

Este estudo tem por objetivo avaliar o perfil de susceptibilidade antimicrobiana de 130 cepas de Escherichia coli isoladas de aves condenadas por colibacilose pela Inspeção Federal no estado do Tocantins, procedentes dos estados de Distrito Federal (DF), Goiás (GO), São Paulo (SP) e Tocantins (TO), a realização do teste de sensibilidade aos antimicrobianos (TSA) seguiu a metodologia proposta por CLSI. Os resultados mostraram que 76% e 72% das cepas provenientes do estado do GO e TO, respectivamente, apresentaram sensibilidade aos antimicrobianos testados. Enquanto as cepas isoladas no DF e SP apresentaram sensibilidade de 65% e 62% respectivamente. Quando analisado o perfil de sensibilidade dos grupos de antimicrobianos formados, observou-se que a maioria das amostras foram sensíveis, com maior destaque ao grupo das pleuromutilinas (93%), seguidos dos aminoglicosídeos (88%) e quinolonas/fluoroquinolonas (77%). Dentre as cepas isoladas, 30,76% apresentaram resistência a pelo menos dois antimicrobianos testados, recomendados para tratamento de aves. Nas condições experimentais deste trabalho, entre os antimicrobianos testados, apenas ceftioflur, florfenicol, ciprofloxacina, trimethoprim + sulfametoxazol, gentamicina, amoxicilina + ácido clavulânico foram indicados para tratamento de E. coli em frangos. E apensar da utilização de antimicrobianos não ter se mostrado um problema em nossos estudos nos estados estudados a multirresistência obtida ressalta a importância de uso criterioso e controlado destes fármacos na avicultura

Assuntos