Assuntos
Cabras , Leptospirose/veterinária , Doenças dos Ovinos/epidemiologia , Animais , Guiana , Leptospirose/epidemiologia , OvinosRESUMO
Cattle sera collected in the Republic of Guyana during 1981 to 1982 were examined for serologic evidence of leptospirosis. Significant leptospiral agglutinins (1:100 or higher) were disclosed in 49.1% of 2,935 apparently normal cattle from 734 farms in the three major cattle-raising regions of the country. Seroreactions principally involved hardjo and wolffi of the Sejroe serogroup, icterohaemorrhagiae, pomona, tarassovi, canicola and grippotyphosa. A high proportion of reactions to one or more of different leptospiral serovars were observed in each of the three regions. These variations were attributed to differences in environmental conditions and farming practices. The findings provided evidence for the first time of the widespread occurrence of leptospirosis in cattle in Guyana caused by multiple leptospiral serovars.
Assuntos
Aglutininas/análise , Doenças dos Bovinos/imunologia , Leptospirose/veterinária , Animais , Anticorpos Antibacterianos/análise , Bovinos , Guiana , Leptospira/imunologia , Leptospirose/imunologiaAssuntos
Brucelose/veterinária , Cabras , Doenças dos Ovinos/diagnóstico , Animais , Brucelose/diagnóstico , Sorologia , OvinosAssuntos
Leptospira/isolamento & purificação , Animais , Barbados , Bovinos , Cães/microbiologia , Herpestidae/microbiologia , Humanos , Leptospira interrogans/isolamento & purificação , Leptospirose/microbiologia , Leptospirose/veterinária , Camundongos/microbiologia , Muridae/microbiologia , Ratos/microbiologiaRESUMO
This paper lists all the known pathogenic leptospira isolates made on Barbados up to December 31, 1981. Only 17 of the total of 78 have already been reported on. The 78 isolates were obtained from humans, dogs, rats, mongooses and a mouse, and the serogroups to which they belonged were Icterohaemorrhagiae, Autumnalis, Ballum and Canicola. On Barbados, serogroup Autumnalis is an important human pathogen, and rats are an important reservoir of leptospires. The investigation and isolation of leptospires on Barbados has until recently been sporadic, dependent on the interst and enthusiasm of a few individuals, and restricted by a shortage of money and manpower. During 1964 and 1965 the Barbados Ministries of Health and Agriculture and the U.K. Ministry of Overseas Development investigated the impact of rodents on the health and economy of Barbados. As part of this study, leptospires wer isolated by taylor and identified to serogroup by Turner. The results are recorded in an unpublished document (Taylor, 1965). Between 1971 and 1981, Leptospira were isolated from rodents, mongooses (Herpestes auropunctatus), dogs and amphibians at the Barbados Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory (VDL) by Jones and Everard. Twenty-three of these isolates survived and were identified by Myers and Dr. C. R. Sulzer of the Centers for Disease Control (CDC), Atlanta, U.S.A. Seventeen of the 23 have been reported on(Jones, 1974; Myers and Jones, 1975; Damude et al., 1979a), and they are included here for the sake of completeness. In 1979 10 Autumnalis isolates made by Taylor in 1964-1965 were reactivated from liquid nitrogen, cultured, and identified to serovar by Everard. The identifications were confirmed by Dr. Sulzer. The remaining 33 isolates in Taylor's series were not reactivated. From November 1979, isolates were made by Everard from patients at Queen Elizabeth Hospital (QEH), Bridgetown, and were identified to serovar by Dr. Sulzer. These studies have provided all the isolates recorded here. The Leptospiral Serotype DistributionList (Galton, 1966) do not have an entry for Barbados, but the supplement to the 1966 edition covering the period July 1966 to July 1973 (Sulzer, 1975) lists Autumnalis fort-bragg isolated from a rat, and Canicola, Ballum and Icterohaemorrhagiae from specified hosts. Barbados obtained up to December 31, 1981. Only 17 of the isolates have been previously reported. All the Leptospira isolates recorded from Trinidad, Grenada and St. Vincent up to the end of 1979 are listed by Everard et al. (180). (AU)
Assuntos
21003 , Leptospira/isolamento & purificação , Leptospira interrogans/isolamento & purificação , Leptospirose/microbiologia , Leptospirose/veterinária , Camundongos/microbiologia , Herpestidae/microbiologia , Muridae/microbiologia , Ratos/microbiologia , Barbados , Bovinos , Cães/microbiologiaRESUMO
The search of leptospires was conducted in kidneys of 1,415 stray dogs in the city of São Paulo--Brazil. From them 35 isolations were got, serovar canicola was the most frequent (32 samples) followed by copenhageni (2 samples) and pomona (1 sample). For the first time serovar pomona was isolated from dog in Latin America. Also, monthly and seasonal variations are discussed in relation to the prevalence of leptospirosis.
Assuntos
Reservatórios de Doenças , Cães/microbiologia , Leptospira/isolamento & purificação , Animais , Brasil , Feminino , Leptospirose/epidemiologia , Masculino , Estações do AnoRESUMO
A focus of B. canis infection was identified in Moreno, Argentina, among the stray dog population by serologic methods and confirmed in a second survey which included cultural isolations. A counterimmunoelectrophoresis technique using a specific rough Brucella surface antigen was applied to the serodiagnosis of canine brucellosis. This method was found to be as effective as the mercaptoethanol tube agglutination test and the gel diffusion test in detecting B. canis antibodies in natural and experimentally infected animals. The results are discussed in terms of the diagnostic significance of the three tests employed.
Assuntos
Brucelose/veterinária , Doenças do Cão/diagnóstico , Testes de Aglutinação , Animais , Argentina , Sangue/microbiologia , Brucella/isolamento & purificação , Brucelose/diagnóstico , Brucelose/microbiologia , Contraimunoeletroforese , Doenças do Cão/microbiologia , Cães , ImunodifusãoRESUMO
A serologic survey for leptospirosis in stray dogs from Moreno, Province of Buenos Aires, was carried out. Sera from 143 randomly collected animals were examined by the microscopic agglutination test. A total of 73 (51.0%) of the dogs have had contact with leptospirae. The predominant leptospiral agglutinnins were to serovar canicola (37.0%) and to a lesser degree against the serovar antigens pyrogenes (4.8%) and autumnalis (2.0%). Although a high percentage of seropositive reactions occurred against the serovar antigens ballum, pyrogenes and icterohaemorrhagiae, all the reactions against ballum and icterohaemorrhagiae, and the majority of the reactions to pyrogenes represented the natural coagglutinins frequently associated with serovar canicola. The detection of antibodies to the Autumnalis group in dogs of Argentina could be new and suggest the emergence of canine infections caused by a serovar of this serogroup which should be sought out and identified.
Assuntos
Anticorpos Antibacterianos/análise , Doenças do Cão/microbiologia , Leptospira/imunologia , Leptospirose/veterinária , Testes de Aglutinação , Aglutininas/análise , Animais , Argentina , CãesRESUMO
A serologic survey for leptospirosis in stray dogs from Moreno, Province of Buenos Aires, was carried out. Sera from 143 randomly collected animals were examined by the microscopic agglutination test. A total of 73 (51.0
) of the dogs have had contact with leptospirae. The predominant leptospiral agglutinnins were to serovar canicola (37.0
) and to a lesser degree against the serovar antigens pyrogenes (4.8
) and autumnalis (2.0
). Although a high percentage of seropositive reactions occurred against the serovar antigens ballum, pyrogenes and icterohaemorrhagiae, all the reactions against ballum and icterohaemorrhagiae, and the majority of the reactions to pyrogenes represented the natural coagglutinins frequently associated with serovar canicola. The detection of antibodies to the Autumnalis group in dogs of Argentina could be new and suggest the emergence of canine infections caused by a serovar of this serogroup which should be sought out and identified.
RESUMO
A serologic survey for leptospirosis in stray dogs from Moreno, Province of Buenos Aires, was carried out. Sera from 143 randomly collected animals were examined by the microscopic agglutination test. A total of 73 (51.0
) of the dogs have had contact with leptospirae. The predominant leptospiral agglutinnins were to serovar canicola (37.0
) and to a lesser degree against the serovar antigens pyrogenes (4.8
) and autumnalis (2.0
). Although a high percentage of seropositive reactions occurred against the serovar antigens ballum, pyrogenes and icterohaemorrhagiae, all the reactions against ballum and icterohaemorrhagiae, and the majority of the reactions to pyrogenes represented the natural coagglutinins frequently associated with serovar canicola. The detection of antibodies to the Autumnalis group in dogs of Argentina could be new and suggest the emergence of canine infections caused by a serovar of this serogroup which should be sought out and identified.
RESUMO
Sera collected during surveys of presumably healthy rural inhabitants of the Provinces of Corrientes and Neuquén, Argentina, were examined for serological evidence of leptospirosis. Significant antibody levels (1:100 or greater) were found in 8.7 per cent of 1,029 sera from residents of Corrientes Province. The most frequent reactions occurred against the serotypes australis, hebdomadis group, pomona, and icterohaemorrhagiae. The predominance of antibodies to the Australis group in the country is new and suggests the emergence of leptospirosis in an unrecognized animal reservoir host. Out of 706 sera collected from rural school students and sera from 71 adults in the Province of Neuquén, only 4 (0.5%) showed leptospiral agglutinin in the microscopic agglutination test and these were only at a 1:100 serum dilution. The higher percentage of reactors in the Corrientes population appears to reflect a more favorable environment and a greater risk of infection.
Assuntos
Anticorpos Antibacterianos/análise , Leptospira/imunologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Aglutininas/análise , Argentina , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , População RuralRESUMO
Microscopic agglutination tests performed during 1971 and 1972 on Barbadian livestock showed positive serological reactions for leptospirosis as follows: cattle 51%, pigs 13%, sheep 18%, horses 64% and goats 19%. The serogroup Autumnalis predominated in all but horses in which the reactions to the Pyrogenes group appeared slightly higher. After the isolation of a strain of Leptospira serotype fort-bragg (Barbadian strain No. 119) of the Autumnalis serogroup in 1973, and its subsequent inclusion in our test battery of leptospiral antigens, high percentages of cattle, dogs, mongooses and man showed sero-positive reactions against the strain. Attention is called to the wide dissemination of the fort-bragg serotype on the island and to the role of rodents and the mongoose in its spread. 74 clinically affected Barbadian cattle from three herds were studied during 1975-76; 60 (81%) were serologically positive and nine different serogroups were represented. Predominant sero-positive reactions to Hebdomadis, Autumnalis, Ballum and Pyrogenes antigens were recorded. The highest titres were against Autumnalis, Hebdomadis and Pomona. Hebdomadis and Pomona serogroup antibodies may be due to many importations of cattle with those infections into Barbados.
Assuntos
Animais Domésticos , Leptospirose/veterinária , Testes de Aglutinação , Aglutininas/análise , Animais , Animais Selvagens , Barbados , Bovinos , Doenças dos Bovinos/epidemiologia , Cães , Haplorrinos , Leptospira/imunologia , Leptospirose/epidemiologia , Camundongos , RatosRESUMO
Of 1,065 persons sampled during a house-to-house survey of an area of the Department of Curuzú Cuatiá, Province of Corrientes, Argentina, 21 were seropositive to Brucella canis antibodies by the gel-diffusion test, using a saline-extracted B. ovis surface R antigen. Two positive reactors were similarly identified during a survey of rural schools in the Province of Neuquén, which included 887 persons. The findings are discussed in terms of current knowledge of this recently recognized zoonotic infection.
Assuntos
Anticorpos Antibacterianos/análise , Brucelose/imunologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Argentina , Brucella/imunologia , Brucelose/epidemiologia , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
The results of a retrospective study of human leptospirosis cases occurring in Barbados during the period 19-68-74, and of serological findings among high risk occupational groups, fever cases and health centre patients monitored for the disease during 1975-77, indicate that infection by serotype fort-bragg of the Autumnalis group is widespread in this Caribbean island. The occupational groups most affected are sanitation workers and sugar-cane workers. Results of serological tests conducted at the principle hospital are comparable with the results obtained by the microscopic agglutination reference test procedure conducted at the Pan American Zoonosis Centre (CEPANZO).
Assuntos
Leptospirose/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Testes de Aglutinação , Aglutininas/análise , Barbados , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Leptospira/imunologia , Leptospirose/diagnóstico , Leptospirose/mortalidade , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Doenças Profissionais/epidemiologia , Chuva , Estudos RetrospectivosRESUMO
Microscopic agglutination tests performed during 1971 and 1972 on Barbadian livestock showed positive serological reactions for leptospirosis as follows: cattle 51 percent, pigs 13 percent, sheep 18 percent, horses 64 percent, and goats 19 percent. The serogroup Autumnalis predominated in all but horses in which the reactions to the Pyrogenes group appeared slightly higher. After the isolation of a strain of Leptospira serotype fort-bragg (Barbadian strain No. 119) of the Autumnalis serogroup in 1973, and its subsequent inclusion in our test battery of leptospiral antigens, high percentages of cattle, dogs, mongooses and man showed sero-positive reactions against the strain. Attention is called to the wide dissemination of the fort-bragg serotype on the island and to the role of rodents and the mongoose in its spread. 74 clinically affected Barbadian cattle from three herds were studied during 1975-76, 60 (81 percent) were serologically positive and nine different serogroups were represented. Predominant sero-positive reactions to Hebdomadis, Autumnalis, Ballum, and Pyrogenes antigens were recorded. The highest titres were against Autumnalis, Hebdomadis and Pomona. Hebdomadis and Pomona serogroup antibodies may be due to many importations of cattle with those infections into Barbados (Summary)
Assuntos
Humanos , Cães , Camundongos , Ratos , 21003 , Animais Domésticos , Leptospirose/veterinária , Testes de Aglutinação , Aglutininas/análise , Animais Selvagens , Bovinos , Doenças dos Bovinos/epidemiologia , Leptospira/imunologia , Leptospirose/epidemiologiaRESUMO
The results of a retrospective study of human leptospirosis cases occurring in Barbados during the period 1968-74, and of serological findings among high risk occupational groups, fever cases and health care patients monitored for the disease during 1975-77, indicate that infection by serotype fort-bragg of the Autumnalis group is widespread in this Caribbean island. The occupational groups most affected are sanitation workers and sugar-cane workers. Results of serological tests conducted at the principle hospital are comparable with the results obtained by the microscopic agglutination reference test procedure conducted at the Pan American Zoonosis Centre (CEPANZO) Summary