RESUMO
OBJECTIVES: The purpose of the study is to investigate whether there is any relationship between mean argyrophilic nucleolar organizing regions (AgNOR) number and total AgNOR area/total nuclear area (TAA/TNA) ratio and the levels of brain hypoxia after exposure to different acute doses of carbon monoxide (CO) gas. METHODS: Each experimental group was exposed to CO gas (concentrations of 1,000, 3,000 and 5,000 ppm). Then, the rats were anesthetized, and blood samples were taken from the right jugular vein for carboxyhemoglobin levels detection. The rats were sacrificed on seventh day. AgNOR staining was applied to brain tissues. TAA/TNA and mean AgNOR number were detected for each nucleus. RESULTS: Significant differences were detected among all groups for TAA/TNA ratio, mean AgNOR number and carboxyhemoglobin level. According to a double comparison of groups, the differences between control and 1,000 ppm, control and 3,000 ppm, control and 5,000 ppm, and between 1,000 and 5,000 ppm were significant for TAA/TNA ratio. When mean AgNOR number was considered, significant differences were detected between control and 1,000 ppm, control and 3,000 ppm, control and 5,000 ppm, and between 1,000 and 3,000 ppm. CONCLUSION: AgNOR proteins may be used for early detection of the duration, intensity, and damage of brain injury caused by CO poisoning. Thus, effective treatment strategies can be developed for the prevention of hypoxic conditions.
OBJETIVOS: El objetivo del estudio es investigar si existe alguna relación entre el número medio de regiones organizadoras nucleolares argirófilas (AgNOR) y la proporción de área total de AgNOR/área nuclear total (TAA/TNA) y los niveles de hipoxia cerebral en la exposición a diferentes dosis agudas de gas monóxido de carbono (CO). MÉTODOS: Cada grupo experimental fue expuesto a gas CO (concentraciones de 1,000, 3,000 y 5,000 ppm). Luego las ratas fueron anestesiadas, se tomaron muestras de sangre de la vena yugular derecha para la detección de los niveles de carboxihemoglobina. Las ratas se sacrificaron el séptimo día. Se aplicó tinción con AgNOR en los tejidos cerebrales. Se detectaron el TAA/TNA y el número medio de AgNOR para cada núcleo. RESULTADOS: Se detectaron diferencias significativas entre todos los grupos para la relación TAA/TNA, el número medio de AgNOR y el nivel de carboxihemoglobina. Según la doble comparación de grupos, las diferencias entre control y 1,000 ppm, control y 3,000 ppm, control y 5,000 ppm y 1,000 y 5,000 ppm fueron significativas para la relación TAA/TNA. Cuando se consideró el número de AgNOR medio, se detectaron diferencias significativas entre control y 1,000ppm, control y 3,000ppm, control y 5,000 ppm y 1,000 y 3,000 ppm. CONCLUSIÓN: Las proteínas AgNOR pueden usarse para la detección temprana de la duración, intensidad y daño de la lesión cerebral causada por la intoxicación por CO. Por lo tanto, se pueden desarrollar estrategias de tratamiento efectivas para la prevención de condiciones hipóxicas.
Assuntos
Intoxicação por Monóxido de Carbono , Hipóxia Encefálica , Animais , Antígenos Nucleares , Biomarcadores , Intoxicação por Monóxido de Carbono/diagnóstico , Hipóxia Encefálica/diagnóstico , Região Organizadora do Nucléolo , RatosRESUMO
Abstract Objective: To provide a new interpretation of the effect of intraoperative hemodynamic data on postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) development and to determine the accuracy of some biomarkers which are thought to be the early markers of renal injury. Methods: One hundred adult patients who were connected to the heart-lung pump during open-heart surgery were included in this study. Hemodynamic data, oxygen delivery, and transfusions were recorded intraoperatively, and the preoperative and 3. postoperative hour cystatin C, interleukin-18 (IL-18), and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) parameters were measured for early detection of kidney damage. In the analysis, 95% significance level was used to determine the difference. Results: According to the Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes criterion, AKI developed in 24 patients, 18 of whom were stage 1, two were stage 2, and four were stage 3. AKI (+) patients had more transfusions in the intraoperative period and AKI development was a risk factor for postoperative complications. NGAL and IL-18 levels were found to be approximately two-fold in the postoperative period in AKI (+) patients, whereas cystatin C was not sensitive in AKI detection. Conclusion: AKI development increases the risk of postoperative complications. NGAL and IL-18 were successful in detecting AKI in the early postoperative period.