RESUMO
Peanut, like most legumes, develops a symbiotic relationship with rhizobia to overcome nitrogen limitation. Rhizobial infection of peanut roots occurs through a primitive and poorly characterized intercellular mechanism. Knowledge of the molecular determinants of this symbiotic interaction is scarce, and little is known about the molecules implicated in the recognition of the symbionts. Here, we identify the LysM extracellular domain sequences of two putative peanut Nod factor receptors, named AhNFR1 and AhNFP. Phylogenetic analyses indicated that they correspond to LjNFR1 and LjNFR5 homologs, respectively. Transcriptional analysis revealed that, unlike LjNFR5, AhNFP expression was not induced at 8 h post bradyrhizobial inoculation. Further examination of AhNFP showed that the predicted protein sequence is identical to GmNFR5 in two positions that are crucial for Nod factor perception in other legumes. Analysis of the AhNFP LysM2 tridimensional model revealed that these two amino acids are very close, delimiting a zone of the molecule essential for Nod factor recognition. These data, together with the analysis of the molecular structure of Nod factors of native peanut symbionts previously reported, suggest that peanut and soybean could share some of the determinants involved in the signalling cascade that allows symbiosis establishment.
Assuntos
Arachis/metabolismo , Regulação da Expressão Gênica de Plantas/fisiologia , Receptores de Superfície Celular/metabolismo , Simbiose/fisiologia , Sequência de Aminoácidos , Arachis/genética , Proteínas de Bactérias/metabolismo , Lipopolissacarídeos , Modelos Moleculares , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Filogenia , Conformação Proteica , Receptores de Superfície Celular/genética , Rhizobium/genética , Rhizobium/metabolismoRESUMO
Plant-growth-promoting bacteria are often used to enhance crop yield and for biological control of phytopathogens. Bacillus sp. CHEP5 is a biocontrol agent that induces systemic resistance (ISR) in Arachis hypogaea L. (peanut) against Sclerotium rolfsii, the causal agent of root and stem wilt. In this work, the effect of the co-inoculation of Bacillus sp. CHEP5 and the peanut nodulating strain Bradyrhizobium sp. SEMIA 6144 was studied on induction of both systemic resistance and nodulation processes. Bradyrhizobium sp. SEMIA 6144 did not affect the ability of Bacillus sp. CHEP5 to protect peanut plants from S. rolfsii by ISR and the priming in challenged-plants, as evidenced by an increment in phenylalanine ammonia-lyase enzyme activity. Additionally, the capacity of Bradyrhizobium sp. SEMIA 6144 to induce nodule formation in pathogen-challenged plants was improved by the presence of Bacillus sp. CHEP5.
Assuntos
Arachis/microbiologia , Ascomicetos/fisiologia , Bacillus/fisiologia , Bradyrhizobium/fisiologia , Arachis/metabolismo , Agentes de Controle Biológico , Clorofila/metabolismo , Resistência à Doença , Doenças das Plantas/microbiologia , Raízes de Plantas/microbiologia , SimbioseRESUMO
Peanut is an economically important legume nodulated by slow-growing bacteria of the genus Bradyrhizobium. In this study, a collection of native slow-growing peanut rhizobial isolates from Argentina was obtained and characterized. The phenotypical characterization included the determination of the symbiotic properties, whereas the genetic and phylogenetic diversity was assessed through ERIC-PCR and sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region, as well as the dnaK and nodA genes. The results obtained indicated that peanut nodulating bradyrhizobia were phenotypically and genotypically diverse, and included locally adapted variants of B. yuanmingense and B. iriomotense carrying novel nodA alleles.