RESUMO
PURPOSE: To evaluate the feasibility of brigade-style, multiphasic cancer screening in Honduras, exploring data from 3 screening events that each tested for multiple cancers on single occasions. METHODS: This series of 3 studies each used a single-arm, post-test-only design to explore the feasibility of implementing multiphasic, community-based cancer screening at the same rural location in 2013, 2016, and 2017. The 2013 event for women screened for 2 cancers (breast and cervix), and the 2016 event for women screened for 3 cancers (breast, cervix, and thyroid). The 2017 event for men screened for 5 cancers (skin, prostate, colorectal, oropharynx, and testes). RESULTS: Totals of 473 and 401 women participated in the 2013 and 2016 events, respectively, and 301 men participated in the 2017 event. Staffing for each event varied from 33 to 44 people and relied primarily on in-country medical students and local community members. High rates (mean, 88%) of compliance with referral for follow-up testing at clinics and primary care facilities were observed after the screening events. CONCLUSION: The multiphasic, community-based approach proved feasible for both women and men and resulted in high rates of compliance with follow-up testing. This approach appears highly replicable: it was conducted multiple times across the years with different screening targets, which could be further scaled elsewhere using the same technique.
Assuntos
Detecção Precoce de Câncer , Neoplasias , Estudos de Viabilidade , Feminino , Honduras/epidemiologia , Humanos , Masculino , Triagem Multifásica , Neoplasias/diagnóstico , Neoplasias/epidemiologiaRESUMO
A method and its system to study the structural evolution on soft magnetic amorphous and nanocrystalline ribbon shaped alloys are presented. With only one sample, a complete set of magnetic and electric data at room and at high temperature are obtained in a relatively short period of time, allowing us to elucidate the structural changes occurring in the alloy and to determine the optimal soft magnetic properties annealing conditions.
RESUMO
Infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV) is an economically important pathogen of the salmonid aquaculture industry. Selective breeding has been employed to improve resistance to this infectious disease, and it is of importance to investigate the expression profile of immune genes of Atlantic salmon with different genetic background in response to this virus. This study examined the immune modulation response of eight candidate genes in head kidney tissue in two families of Atlantic salmon with high and low mortalities, after challenge with IPNV. The results showed that the expression pattern of target genes differed in the two families. Generally, higher expression of antiviral, pro-inflammatory genes and transcription factors such as tripartite motif, NF-κB, IFNI, STAT1, protein kinase R, and Vig-2 in the resistant family were observed at the same time point. One may speculate the functional importance of these putative candidate genes in the characterization of the IPNV-resistant (low mortalities) immune phenotype. Therefore, on our findings, we suggest that future salmonids studies aiming to identify candidate genes/pathway or vaccines evaluation should consider validating detected genes/pathway across different genetic backgrounds or immune phenotype.
Assuntos
Infecções por Birnaviridae/veterinária , Doenças dos Peixes/virologia , Interações Hospedeiro-Patógeno/imunologia , Vírus da Necrose Pancreática Infecciosa/fisiologia , Salmo salar/virologia , Animais , Infecções por Birnaviridae/imunologia , Doenças dos Peixes/imunologia , Proteínas de Peixes/genética , Proteínas de Peixes/metabolismo , Interações Hospedeiro-Patógeno/genética , Interferon-alfa/metabolismo , NF-kappa B/metabolismo , Fator de Transcrição STAT1/metabolismo , Salmo salar/fisiologia , Fator de Crescimento Transformador beta1/metabolismoRESUMO
We describe herein the sperm morphology of the harvestman Iporangaia pustulosa. Adult males were dissected, the reproductive tract was schematized and the seminal vesicle was processed by light, transmission and scanning electron microscopy. The male reproductive tract is composed of a tubular testis, two deferent ducts, a seminal vesicle, a propulsive organ and a penis, similar to that observed in other Opiliones. The spermatozoa from the seminal vesicle are oval, aflagellate and immotile, presenting a nucleus surrounding an invagination of the cytoplasm, as well as a complex acrosome and projections on the cell surface. In the testis, spermatozoa are devoid of projections. In the seminal vesicle, they gradually acquire the projections with tufts adhering to it. Consequently, spermatozoa in various distinct stages of projection development can be found in the seminal vesicle. We believe that these projections (1) could help transport sperm along the male and perhaps female reproductive tracts; (2) are used to anchor the spermatozoa inside the female spermatheca in order to avoid mechanical displacement by the genitalia of other males and (3) may play a role in oocyte recognition. We propose that the evolution of aflagellarity in Opiliones is related to the unique morphology of the female reproductive tract. Since eggs are fertilized on the tip of the ovipositor just prior to being laid, there is no advantage favoring sperm mobility. Additionally, female sperm receptacles are small and males that produced small spermatozoa would have a higher chance of fertilizing more eggs.
Assuntos
Aracnídeos/citologia , Aracnídeos/ultraestrutura , Genitália Masculina/citologia , Espermatozoides/citologia , Espermatozoides/fisiologia , Animais , Genitália Masculina/ultraestrutura , Masculino , Reprodução , Espermatozoides/ultraestruturaRESUMO
Las lesiones vasculares traumáticas son difíciles de corregir mediante abordaje quirúrgico en especial si comprometen arterias principales y muy complejas si llegan a afectar órganos como el cerebro. En este caso demostramos que con los nuevos procedimien-tos endovasculares se simplifica la corrección y el abordaje, con resultados curativos inmediatos y, a largo plazo, baja morbilidad, escasas complicaciones y menores costos por estancia para nuestro sistema de salud.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Adolescente , Doenças Vasculares/cirurgia , Fístula Vascular , Neurocirurgia , Ferimentos por Arma de Fogo , Seio Carotídeo , Falso AneurismaAssuntos
Gangrena/diagnóstico , Pele/patologia , Infecções Estreptocócicas/diagnóstico , Streptococcus pyogenes/isolamento & purificação , Idoso , Cotovelo , Feminino , Pé , Gangrena/microbiologia , Gangrena/patologia , Humanos , Nicarágua , Pele/microbiologia , Infecções Estreptocócicas/microbiologia , Infecções Estreptocócicas/patologiaRESUMO
PIP: "The aspiration to recover the daily experiences of ordinary people drove social historians to the use of the nominative method; but it was the personal computer that made the analysis of nominative data at all possible. The author conducted research on Spanish immigration in Buenos Aires on the basis of data collected from census manuscripts for Buenos Aires (1855, 1869, 1895); police files of suspected anarchists and membership records of voluntary association (railway workers' union and several ethnic associations). Baptism and marriage records in Buenos Aires churches were used. Data were then checked with personal interviews." (EXCERPT)^ieng
Assuntos
Coleta de Dados , Emigração e Imigração , Estatística como Assunto , América , Argentina , Demografia , Países Desenvolvidos , Países em Desenvolvimento , Europa (Continente) , América Latina , População , Dinâmica Populacional , Pesquisa , América do Sul , EspanhaRESUMO
La enfermedad de Chagas es una entidad importante en nuestro medio, yaque Cochabamba es una zona endemica para este mal con porcentajes elevados, tantro de infestacion domiciliaria por Triatominos, como de serologia positiva para Tripanosoma Cruzi. Se realizo un estudio para probar la posibilidad de transmision congenita de este mal en 50 mujeres que fueron internadas en la Maternidad German Urqidi con trabajo de parto, a las mismas se les tomo una muestra de sangre endovenosa y de cordon umbilical las cuales fueron procesadas por medio de la tecnica de inmunofluorescencia indirecta (IFI) y gota gruesa. Una mayoria de estos pacientes procedian de areas perifericas de la ciudad y zonas rurales.
Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Gravidez , Recém-Nascido , Adulto , Análise Química do Sangue/enfermagem , Sangue , Doença de Chagas/genética , Doenças Genéticas Inatas/parasitologia , Trypanosoma cruzi/parasitologiaRESUMO
Se comparo la frecuencia de NOR y de las asociaciones entre cromosomas acrocentricos en 4 portadores de una translocacion 14/21 con la frecuencia de los mismos eventos en sus parientes normales. La proporcion promedio de NOR por celula fue similar en ambos grupos, sin embargo, la frecuencia total de cromosomas acrocentricos tenidos con plata fue significativamente mayor en los individuod portadores. Por otra parte la frecuencia de asociaciones entre los cromosomas acrocentricos fue similar en los portadores y en los normales. Nuestros resultados apoyan las observaciones de otros autores y sugieren la existencia de un mecanismo compensador que interviene cuando la formacion de rearreglos cromosomicos causa la perdida de secuencias de DNA ribossomico. Este mecanismo mantendria constante la cantidad de material nucleolar y resultaria en una mayor tendencia a la asociacion de los cromosomas acrocentricos restantes.}