RESUMO
We report the pathological features of a facial squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and an abdominal peripheral nerve sheath tumour (PNST) with rhabdomyoblastic differentiation in an aged free-ranging rough-toothed dolphin (Steno bredanensis). The animal was found stranded dead in poor body condition. On external examination, there was a 25 × 7 × 3 cm extensively ulcerated area on the right maxillary region of the rostrum, involving the oral mucocutaneous junction with prominent nodular edges, severe soft tissue loss and extensive maxillary and premaxillary bone lysis. On abdominal dissection, a 5 × 4 × 3.5 cm pale tan to red, raised mass expanded the inner aspect of the right transverse abdominis muscle. Microscopically, the aggressive facial lesion was an acantholytic SCC with extensive osteolysis; there was no evidence of metastasis in the tissues examined. The abdominal mass had cytohistomorphological features compatible with a localized PNST, including whorling, Antoni A and Antoni B areas and Verocay bodies intermixed with rhabdomyoblastic components, as suggested by phosphotungstic acid haematoxylin stain. This neoplasm was locally infiltrative, yet no metastases were observed in the tissues examined. No immunohistochemical investigations could be performed due to lack of tissue availability. Total DNA from the formalin-fixed and paraffin wax-embedded SCC was extracted and tested by polymerase chain reaction for herpesvirus and papillomavirus genetic material. There was no amplification for either of these genera. Other pathological findings observed in this animal were related to the 'live-stranding stress response'. The severity and extent of the facial SCC likely related to anorexia and poor body condition and might have played a role in the stranding and death of this dolphin. These two tumour subtypes add to the relatively uncommon reports of neoplasia in cetaceans. Specifically, these appear to be the first neoplasia records for rough-toothed dolphins, including the first documentation of a PNST with features compatible with rhabdomyoblastic differentiation in a marine mammal.
Assuntos
Neoplasias Abdominais/veterinária , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/veterinária , Golfinhos , Neoplasias Faciais/veterinária , Neoplasias de Bainha Neural/veterinária , AnimaisRESUMO
El presente trabajo mide el impacto del agregado de flúor al agua potable en la reducción de caries dental en la población escolar de la localidad de Oberá. Misiones (Argentina) y evaluar la asociación entre los índices ceod y CPOD y variables cualitativas tales como el nivel socioeconómico, la higiene bucal y el acceso al agua potable florurada
RESUMO
El trabajo analiza las condiciones socioeconómicas considerando que estas no provocan una situación diferencial (estadisticamente significativa) en materia de caries cuando son evaluados al paso del estrato de niveles socieconómico más alto a los más bajos, aumentan los porcentajes de niños sin experiencia odontológica, con caries que sangran y lo que es más importante se incrementan el porcentaje de escolares que presentan una higiene dental calificada como mala y de los que no tienen acceso al agua potable. Estos resultados plantean la necesidad de mejorar la cobertura de agua potable de atención odontológica en los sectores de menores ingresos e insistir en la realización de campaña de concientización que enfaticen la importancia de una buena higiene dental como medio que contribuye a prevenir las caries
RESUMO
Examina la asociación entre la presencia de caries dental y el consumo de agua fluorada y evalua la influencia en dicha asociación de los factores nivel socioeconómico, resultado de la experiencia odontológica e higiene bucal. El consumo de agua fluorada constituye un factor de protección OR= 0,57 (IC : 0.36-0.93) que reduce el riesgo de caries
RESUMO
The indications for colostomies in traumatic lesions of the colon were prospectively analysed in the light of the anatomical and functional impairment, the time that elapsed after the injury and additional risk factors. In the period between January 1981 and June 1986 75 patients were operated for colonic trauma: 39 had gunshot wounds, 29 suffered stab wounds and seven had blunt injuries. Colostomies were indicated in 47 patients that presented the most severe lesions, whereas the other 28 patients underwent primary repair. Infectious complications occurred in 21 cases; they were related to a pre-operative interval of more than 10 hours, severity of colonic lesion (CIS) grade III to V, blood transfusion of more than 2500 ml, the presence of colostomy, and an abdominal trauma index (PATI) of more than 25. Five patients died in consequence of infectious complications (p less than 0.05), all of them suffering from severe injuries. These findings suggest that in acute trauma of the colon after less than 6 hours colostomy is justified when the CIS is III to V, the PATI more than 25, or in hemodinamically unstable patients.