RESUMO
Objetivos: realizar el estudio fitoquímico cualitativo para determinar la actividad antioxidante y toxicidad sobre Artemia salina de los extractos de las hojas de Justicia secunda Vahl, recolectada en Mérida, Venezuela. Metodología: el tamizaje fitoquímico de los extractos de las hojas de Justicia secunda Vahl. (Acanthaceae) se realizó a través de pruebas químicas específicas y permitió determinar la presencia de este-roles en el extracto hexanoico; esteroles y compuestos fenólicos en el diclorometanoico; alcaloides, esteroles y compuestos fenólicos en el extracto etanólico. La actividad antioxidante de los extractos de J. secunda fue evaluada usando el método de la capacidad secuestrante de radicales libres de 2,2-difenil-1-picrilhidrazilo (DPPH») mediante espectrofotometría UV-visible a una longitud de onda de 517 nm, con ácido ascórbico como control positivo (176 µg/rnL). Resultados: los extractos diclorometanoico y etanólico mostraron actividad antioxidante, con un porcentaje de inhibición superior a 50 a 4 mg/mL y a una concentración de 0,75 mg/mL un porcentaje de inhibición de 27,7 y 53,0; IC50 de 1,85 mg/mL y 0,69 mg/mL, respectivamente. En cuanto a la toxicidad sobre A. salina, del extracto etanólico mostró una DL50 entre 919,32 y 3781,9 ppm y es relativamente inocuo, según la clasificación CYTED. Conclusión: en general, los resultados obtenidos sugieren que los extractos de las hojas de J. secunda Vahl, podrían ser una alternativa en la formulación de fármacos, debido a su potencial como antioxidante y su baja toxicidad.
SUMMARY Aims: To carry out the qualitative phytochemical study to determine the antioxidant activity and toxicity on Artemia salina of the extracts of the leaves of Justicia secunda Vahl, collected in Mérida, Venezuela. Methodology: Phytochemical screening of extracts from the aerial parts of Justicia secunda Vahl. (Acanthaceae) was carried out through specific chemical tests that allowed the presence of sterols in the hexanoic extract to be determined; sterols and phenolic compounds in the dichloromethane and alkaloids, sterols and phenolic compounds in the ethanolic extract. The antioxidant activity of extracts from the aerial parts of J. secunda was evaluated by using the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPHâ¢) radical scavenging method, using spectrophotometry UV-Visible at a wavelength of 517 nm, with ascorbic acid as control (176 µg/mL). Results: The dichloromethane and ethanolic extracts showed anti-oxidant activity, with an inhibition percentage higher than 50 to 4 mg/mL and at a concentration of 0.75 mg / mL, percentage of 27.7 and 53.0; IC50 of 1.85 mg/mL and 0.69 mg/mL, respectively. Regarding toxicity on A. salina, the ethanolic extract showed an LD50 between 919.32 and 3781.9 ppm, it was relatively harmless, according to the CYTED classification. Conclusion: Overall, the results obtained suggest that the extracts of the aerial parts of J. secunda Vahl, could be an alternative for future drug formulation since it has potent antioxidant activity and low toxicity.
Objetivo: realizar o estudo fitoquímico qualitativo para determinar a atividade antioxidante e toxicidade sobre Artemia salina dos extratos das folhas de Justicia secunda Vahl, coletadas em Mérida, Venezuela. Metodologia: triagem fitoquímica de extratos das partes aéreas de Justicia secunda Vahl. (Acanthaceae) foi realizado por meio de testes químicos específicos e permitiu determinar a presença de esteróis no extrato hexanoico; esteróis e compostos fenólicos no diclorometano e alcalóides, esteróis e compostos fenólicos no extrato etanólico. A atividade antioxidante de extratos das partes aéreas de J. secunda foi avaliada pelo método de sequestro do radical 1,1-difenil-2-picrilhidrazil (DPPH»), por espectrofotometria UV-Visível no comprimento de onda de 517 nm, com ácido ascórbico como controle (176 µg/mL). Resultados: os extratos diclorometano e etanólico apresentaram atividade antioxidante, com percentual de inibição superior a 50 a 4 mg/mL e na concentração de 0,75 mg/ mL, percentagem de 27,7 e 53,0; IC50 de 1,85 mg/mL e 0,69 mg/mL, respectivamente. Em relação à toxicidade sobre A. salina, o extrato etanólico apresentou DL50 entre 919,32 e 3781,9 ppm, sendo relativamente inofensivo, segundo a classificação CYTED. Conclusão: de maneira geral, os resultados obtidos sugerem que os extratos das partes aéreas de J. secunda Vahl, podem ser uma alternativa para futura formulação de fármacos por apresentarem potente atividade antioxidante e baixa toxicidade.
RESUMO
Essential oils obtained by hydrodistillation of Montanoa quadrangularis leaves, flowers, and stems were analyzed by GC and GC/MS techniques revealing myrcene, limonene, ß-phellandrene, and sabinene among the main components. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the MDR modulator activity on human MDR1 gene transfected mouse lymphoma cell line and the antimicrobial activity on the essential oils obtained from different parts of the species under investigation. The results revealed that MQL caused a similar increase in the fluorescence activity of the cells at 0.02 µL/mL comparing to the Verapamil® value. The antimicrobial assay was carried out according to the disc diffusion method. Five different bacterial strains (Staphylococcus epidermidis, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli AG 100, and Escherichia coli AG100A) were treated with the essential oils and the zones of inhibition were determined on TSA plates and TSA agar plates supplemented with Tween 20. MQF and MQL showed activity against B. subtilis, S. epidermidis, and E. coli AG 100A while MQS was only active against E. coli AG 100A on TSA agar plates experiment. In case of TSA agar plates supplemented with 0.1 v/v% Tween 20 detergent, MQF showed inhibition on B. subtilis, S. epidermidis, and E. coli AG 100A; MQL was active against B. subtilis, E. coli AG 100, and E. coli AG 100A while MQS was only active against E. coli AG 100A.
Assuntos
Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Antineoplásicos/farmacologia , Montanoa/química , Óleos Voláteis/farmacologia , Óleos de Plantas/farmacologia , Subfamília B de Transportador de Cassetes de Ligação de ATP/metabolismo , Animais , Antibacterianos/química , Antineoplásicos/química , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Resistencia a Medicamentos Antineoplásicos/efeitos dos fármacos , Humanos , Camundongos , Óleos Voláteis/química , Componentes Aéreos da Planta/química , Óleos de Plantas/químicaRESUMO
Salvia leucantha Cav. (Lamiaceae), native to Mexico, is found in Venezuela in parks and gardens. Hydrodistillation of the fresh leaves of this plant yielded 0.05% of essential oil. GC and GC/MS analyses permitted the identification of 30 compounds, which made up 95.9% of the oil. The most abundant constituents were bornyl acetate (24.1%), beta-gurjunene (14.8%), beta-caryophyllene (14.1%), dillapiol (11.0%) and bicyclogermacrene (8.9%).