RESUMO
Ewing sarcoma (ES) is a primary bone marrow tumor that very rarely develops in extraosseous tissues, such as lung. The hallmark of ES tumors is a translocation between chromosomes 11 and 22, resulting in a fusion protein, commonly referred to as EWSFLI1. The epigenetic profile (histone acetylation and methylation enrichment of the promoter region) that may regulate the expression of the aberrant transcription factor EWSFLI1, remains poorly studied and understood. Knowledge of epigenetic patterns associated with covalent histone modification and expression of enzymes associated with this process, can contribute to the understanding of the molecular basis of the disease, as well as to the identification of possible molecular targets involved in expression of the EWSFLI1 gene, so that therapeutic strategies may be improved in the future. In the present study, the transcriptional activation and repression of the EWSFLI1 fusion gene in ES was accompanied by selective deposition of histone markers on its promoter. The EWSFLI1 fusion gene was evaluated in two patients with ES using conventional cytogenetic, fluorescence in situ hybridization and nested PCR assays, which revealed that the aberrant expression of the EWSFLI1 gene is accompanied by enrichment of H3K4Me3, H3K9ac and H3K27ac at the promoter region.
Assuntos
Biomarcadores Tumorais/genética , Neoplasias Ósseas/patologia , Epigênese Genética , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica , Proteínas de Fusão Oncogênica/genética , Regiões Promotoras Genéticas , Proteína Proto-Oncogênica c-fli-1/genética , Proteína EWS de Ligação a RNA/genética , Sarcoma de Ewing/patologia , Adulto , Neoplasias Ósseas/genética , Feminino , Código das Histonas , Humanos , Hibridização in Situ Fluorescente/métodos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Sarcoma de Ewing/genética , Translocação Genética , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Esta investigación muestra el diseño de una plataforma interoperable que hace uso del estándar HL7 (Health Level Seven) y permite el registro y análisis de datos relacionados con estilos de vida saludable y prácticas de actividad física en adultos y adultos mayores de las zonas rurales de Colombia. El proyecto se centra en la utilización de las TIC para generar un sistema interoperable que permita la consolidación de los datos, con el fin de facilitar cifras epidemiológicas, hacer diagnósticos que permitan generar estrategias de promoción de la salud y prevención de la enfermedad en las que se promueva la actividad física; y consolidar un marco de referencia para las entidades interesadas. Esta plataforma provee un servicio de integración que puede ser utilizado por entidades externas, compartiendo así información relacionada con hábitos y estilos de vida saludables. Dicha plataforma, utiliza tecnología web ASP.net, con un modelo arquitectural MVC (Modelo Vista Controlador), lenguaje C#, un motor de base de datos SQLServer y servicios web a nivel de integración que usa HL7 como estándar de intercambio de mensajes. Se generó una prueba de control realizada en el año 2014, en ocho municipios del departamento de Cundinamarca en los cuales se aplicaron 304 instrumentos, con los cuales se alimentó la plataforma.
This research shows the design of an interoperable platform that uses the HL7 standard (Health Level Seven) and allows the record and analysis of data related to healthy lifestyles and practices of physical activity in adults and older adults in rural areas of Colombia. The project focuses on the use of ICT to generate an interoperable system that allows the consolidation of data, in order to facilitate epidemiological records, make diagnoses that generate strategies for health promotion and disease prevention in which promote physical activity; and build a framework for stakeholders. This platform provides an integration service that can be used by external entities, to reporting information related to habits and healthy lifestyles. This platform uses web ASP.net technology with architectural model MVC (Model View Controller), C # language, a database SQLServer motor and web services to integration with HL7 standard for the exchange of information. Was performed a control test in to 2014, in eight municipalities of the department of Cundinamarca in which 304 instruments were applied to upload to the platform.
Esta pesquisa mostra o desenho de uma plataforma interoperável que usa o HL7 (Health Level Seven) padrão e permite a gravação e análise de dados relacionados com os estilos de vida saudáveis e prática de atividade física em adultos e idosos nas zonas rurais da Colômbia. O projecto centra-se na utilização das TIC para gerar um sistema de interoperabilidade que permite a consolidação de dados, a fim de facilitar números epidemiológicos, fazer diagnósticos que podem gerar estratégias para promover a saúde e prevenção de doença em que promoção da atividade física; e construir uma estrutura para as partes interessadas. Esta plataforma fornece um serviço de integração que pode ser usado por entidades externas, a partilha de informações relacionadas a hábitos e estilos de vida saudáveis. Esta plataforma, utilizando a tecnologia web ASP.net com um padrão de arquitetura MVC (Model View Controller), a linguagem C#, banco de dados SQLServer do motor e nível de integração de serviços web usando a troca de mensagens HL7 padrão. Um teste de controle realizado em 2014, em oito municípios de Cundinamarca em que foram aplicados 304 instrumentos, com os quais a plataforma foi alimentado foi gerado.
RESUMO
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Multidisciplinary management of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) has achieved outstanding results in developed nations. We aimed to describe the status of diagnosis and management of DMD in a developing country through the experience of non-profit organizations. METHODS: A Multistate, multiple-source, population-based survey was performed from medical records of 432 patients. Data were retrospectively collected, reviewed and curated by health specialists; including clinical features, age at first symptoms, age at diagnosis, disease progression and management, family history, education, age and cause of death. RESULTS: There is a delay in noticing first symptoms and it did not diminish over the past 20 years. Less than 30% of patients obtained definite diagnosis and most of them are in physiotherapy programs but not under steroid treatment. In our study, family history does not anticipate recognition of symptoms compared to sporadic cases (p = 0.05). Approximately 93.33% of our patients attended to education programs. Mean age at death was 18.94 +/- 6.73 years and the most frequent cause was pneumonia. CONCLUSION: Delayed diagnosis of DMD in Mexico is mainly caused by the late detection of first symptoms. There is no difference in early detection of symptoms between familiar and sporadic cases. Lifespan of patients in our cohort is reduced compared to developed countries. The late diagnosis and low percentage of definite cases may affect patient management and genetic counseling and could also preclude participation of patients into novel clinical trials.
Assuntos
Diagnóstico Tardio/estatística & dados numéricos , Gerenciamento Clínico , Aconselhamento Genético/estatística & dados numéricos , Distrofia Muscular de Duchenne/diagnóstico , Adolescente , Adulto , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Países em Desenvolvimento , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , México/epidemiologia , Distrofia Muscular de Duchenne/epidemiologia , Distrofia Muscular de Duchenne/genética , Distrofia Muscular de Duchenne/terapia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Las úlceras cutáneas en tortugas dulceacuícolas se han atribuido a la enfermedad ulcerativa cutánea septicémica (SCUD) descrita por Kaplan en 1957, asociada con bacterias como Citrobacter freundii, Serratia spp. y Beneckea chitinovora. Esta enfermedad tiene un curso agudo con úlceras cutáneas, anorexia, letargia, septicemia y muerte. Ha sido reportada en Norte América y Europa. Algunos estudios sugieren la existencia de otra enfermedad ulcerativa del caparazón, no septicémica, que está diseminada por el mundo, se asocia con varias bacterias, principalmente gramnegativas, y afecta principalmente a las tortugas dulceacuícolas. La enfermedad ha sido reportada ocasionalmente en tortugas marinas y terrestres y se caracteriza por un curso crónico con erosión y descamación del caparazón. Sin embargo, no existe consenso acerca de si SCUD y la enfermedad ulcerativa del caparazón no septicémica son la misma enfermedad o se trata de dos patologías diferentes. En esta revisión de literatura se intenta encontrar diferencias entre las patologías relacionadas con infecciones microbianas del tegumento en quelonios.
Cutaneous ulcerations in freshwater turtles have been related to the Septicaemic Cutaneous Ulcerative Disease (SCUD), it has been described by Kaplan in 1957, associated with bacteria like Citrobacter freundii, Serratia spp.and Beneckea chitinovora. This disease has an acute course with cutaneous ulcerations, anorexia, lethargy, septicaemia and death. It has been reported in North America and Europe. Reports suggest that the ulcerative shell disease is disseminated over the world and it is associated with bacteria, mainly g-negative, and it affects mainly the freshwater turtles. The disease has been reported occasionally in land and marine turtles, and it is characterized by a chronic course with erosion and flaking of the shell. However, there is not a consensus about if the SCUD and the ulcerative shell disease are the same disease or they are two different pathologies. In this review, we are trying to differentiate the pathologies related with microbial infections of the tegument in chelonians.
RESUMO
Ruminant infection by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) causes a granulomatous inflammatory response in the intestine and associated lymph nodes. Differences either in the affected organs or in the inflammatory infiltrate were observed between species and individuals. Such differences are usually attributed to variations in host immune responses or to inconsistent effects among different MAP strains. To evaluate if different MAP strains induce different immuno-pathological responses in lambs, 28 one-month-old individuals were divided into six groups and inoculated with different MAP strains. Groups 1 and 2 were inoculated with two bovine strains isolated in Argentina that showed different genetic patterns after BstEII-IS900-RFLP (hereafter strains E and A respectively). Group 3 was inoculated with a bovine strain isolated in Spain obtained after a previous step of culture (patterns C1). Group 4 was inoculated with a homogenate of intestinal mucosa of a clinical case affected by the same bovine strain as that of group 3. Group 5 was inoculated with an ovine strain that was directly purified from the intestinal mucosa of a clinical case, and group 6 was kept as control (i.e. no inoculation). Peripheral immune responses were assessed until 150 days post-infection (dpi), when lambs were humanely killed. Pathological studies were performed in tissues from the intestine and lymph nodes. Lesion types and inflammatory infiltrates were examined as indicators of pathogenicity. All the lambs infected with bovine MAP strains showed a common lesion pattern regardless of the strain type. Such pattern was characterized by focal lesions mainly in the mesenteric lymph nodes, the presence of fibrous tissue, and, occasionally, necrosis in the granulomas as well as the presence of numerous giant cells. Differences in lesion severity were observed among groups: lambs from groups 1 and 2 had the highest number of granulomas and the largest lymph node area affected. Lesions in animals from group 5 (infected with an ovine strain) were more severe and occurred mostly in the intestinal lymphoid tissue; necrosis, fibrosis or giant cells were never detected in this group. These results indicate that the MAP strain type induces different pathological responses in lambs.
Assuntos
Linfonodos/patologia , Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis/patogenicidade , Paratuberculose/patologia , Doenças dos Ovinos/patologia , Animais , Suscetibilidade a Doenças/veterinária , Imuno-Histoquímica/veterinária , Paratuberculose/imunologia , Paratuberculose/microbiologia , Distribuição Aleatória , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Ovinos , Doenças dos Ovinos/imunologia , Doenças dos Ovinos/microbiologia , Especificidade da Espécie , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
Partiendo de la visión de estudiantes universitarias que son trabajadoras sexuales, este artículo aborda el significado que para ellas tiene dedicarse a este tipo de labor. Objetivo: comprender los significados que sobre su trabajo tienen las estudiantes universitarias trabajadoras sexuales, lo que piensan y sienten de él. Metodología: se partió de la investigación cualitativa con el uso de técnicas etnográficas, utilizando instrumentos de recolección de información como la entrevista, el diario de campo y la revisión documental. Resultados: la vida cotidiana de las estudiantes universitarias trabajadoras sexuales gira alrededor de su vida familiar, universitaria y laboral, recurriendo a la práctica de apartar la mente de su cuerpo para no sucumbir ante sentimientos de tristeza o decepción.
This article takes into account the vision of female university students who are also sexual workers and the meaning that job has for them. Objective: to understand the meaning that sexual job has for female university students/sexual workers, what they think and feel about it. Methodology: qualitative research was the starting point using ethnographical techniques such as the interview, the field diary and documental revision. Results: the daily life of female university students/sexual workers goes around their family, university and work, where they separate mind from body as a mechanism of emotional protection to avoid sadness and deception.
Assuntos
Trabalho SexualRESUMO
El objetivo de este estudio fue conocer el riesgo (mortalidad y morbilidad) de las nefrectomías de donante vivo realizadas en el Hospital Militar de Santiago (Hosmil). Revisión retrospectiva de 33 nefrectomías de donante vivo realizadas por lumbotomía, en el Servicio de Urología del Hospital Militar entre enero de 1983 y diciembre de 2001. Se revisan características de los pacientes, de la cirugía y el desarrollo de complicaciones peri operatorias. En la serie tuvimos una complicación mayor (3,0 porciento): desgarro esplénico, que requirió de esplenectomía, y 8 complicaciones menores en 7 donantes (21,2 porciento): 2 neumotórax (6,1 porciento), 2 infecciones de herida operatoria (6,1 porciento), 1 neumonía (3,0 porciento), 1 bronquitis aguda febril (3,0 porciento), 1 seroma (3,0 porciento) y 1 infección urinaria(3,0 porciento). No hubo mortalidad en los donantes. El análisis univariado identificó que los donantes de sexo masculino tenían una tendencia a presentar un mayor índice de complicaciones (p=0,051). La nefrectomía de donante vivo puede ser realizada con una baja tasa de complicaciones mayores y sin riesgo vital. Nuestra tasa de complicaciones es comparable a otras series publicadas.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Adulto , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Doadores Vivos/provisão & distribuição , Nefrectomia/métodos , Transplante de Rim/métodos , Chile , Nefrectomia/efeitos adversos , Nefrectomia/estatística & dados numéricos , Nefrectomia/mortalidade , Nefropatias/cirurgia , Seleção de Pacientes , Estudos RetrospectivosRESUMO
A brief historical review of Tropical Medicine in Cuba and of the life and work of Pedro Kourí up to the foundation of the institution that bears his name today was made. The achievements attained by this Institute were also included in this paper. With this study we payed a modest homage to the illustrous Dr. Pedro Kourí on the centenary of his birthday and the students and health workers had the opportunity to know part of this Cuban history.
Assuntos
Medicina Tropical/história , Academias e Institutos/história , Academias e Institutos/organização & administração , Cuba , História do Século XIX , História do Século XXRESUMO
By means of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) it was obtained a probe for the gen that codifies the subunit B of cholerae toxin (CTxB), which carried a Vibrio cholerae 01 reference strain. The checking of the amplified product was performed by using the hybridization techniques in colonies. This product hybridized with the gen that codifies for the subunit B of cholerae toxin isolated from Peru and Ecuador, representing the present epidemics in Latin America, but it did not so with the phylogenetically related strains.
Assuntos
Toxina da Cólera/genética , Hibridização In Situ/métodos , Vibrio cholerae/genética , Técnicas Bacteriológicas , Equador , Genes Bacterianos , Humanos , Índia , Peru , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Vibrio cholerae/isolamento & purificaçãoRESUMO
Se reporta la correspondente encontrada entre los signos, síntomas y los niveles de los inmunocomplejos circulantes, los que van disminuyendo a medida que la evolucón del pacientes se hace más favorable, se discuten los resultados y de su análisis se sugiere la continuación de nuevas investigaciones en este campo.
Assuntos
Hanseníase Virchowiana/complicações , Hanseníase Virchowiana/imunologiaRESUMO
A objeto de describir las características del consumo de ansiolíticos en escolares adolescentes, se aplicó un cuestionario anónimo, autoexplicativo, con preguntas abiertas y cerradas a 2.818 estudiantes de 3o y 4o medio de 4 colegios del Area Occidente de Santiago. El 21,4% de los encuestados refirió ingerir ansiolíticos, con un 15,3% para los hombres y un 28,9% para mujeres (diferencia significativa). La frecuencia de consumo fué generalmente ocacional (62,1%) y la prescripción fué hecha por médico en un 39,1% y autoindicada en 20,2%. La motivación primaria más frecuente fué el nerviosismo. El 13,3% señaló dependencia al fármaco. Hubo relación positiva entre la ingestión de ansiolíticos en el hogar y la ingestión del adolescente. Se concluye que el consumo de ansiolíticos es alto en el grupo etario estudiado y que hay desconocimiento general con respecto a las repercuciones del uso de éstos fármacos
Assuntos
Criança , Adolescente , Adulto , Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Ansiolíticos/efeitos adversos , Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Substâncias , Inquéritos Epidemiológicos , Prescrições de Medicamentos , Psicologia do AdolescenteRESUMO
Prevalence of gestational diabetes was investigated in 693 pregnant patients between the 24th and 28th wk of gestation. A glucose screening test (GST) was performed with a 50-g glucose load, followed by a blood sample 1 h later. Patients with glucose levels greater than 140 mg/dl 1 h after the GST were scheduled for a full oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). One hundred seven patients had an abnormal GST, and 30 patients (4.3%) were diagnosed as having gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). The percentage of GDM increased significantly when glucose levels were greater than 180 mg/dl to a maximum of 84.61% when glucose levels were greater than 200 mg/dl. Also, patient age was directly related to GDM, which increased in incidence to 20% when patients greater than 26 yr had an abnormal GST. After delivery, newborn weights were compared between those born to mothers with GDM (n = 30) and those born to mothers with an abnormal GST (n = 77). Patients with an abnormal GST and normal OGTT had 12 (15.58%) macrosomic and 2 premature newborns. However, patients with GDM had 5 (16.66%) macrosomic and no premature newborns. Patients with a normal GST had 7.33% of the macrosomic newborns. There was no perinatal mortality in newborns of GDM mothers; only 1 of the 5 macrosomic newborns presented transient hypoglycemia. Evaluation of 26 GDM patients was possible after delivery, disclosing 3 (11.53%) with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and 5 (19.23%) with impaired glucose tolerance. These results showed 4.3% undetected GDM in our population and no differences in the proportion of macrosomic newborns between those born to mothers with GDM and those born to mothers with an abnormal GST.
Assuntos
Macrossomia Fetal/epidemiologia , Gravidez em Diabéticas/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Fatores Etários , Peso ao Nascer , Glicemia/análise , Feminino , Macrossomia Fetal/etiologia , Teste de Tolerância a Glucose , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , México , Gravidez , Gravidez em Diabéticas/fisiopatologiaAssuntos
Diarreia/terapia , Hidratação , Doença Aguda , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Diarreia Infantil/terapia , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Masculino , Cloreto de Sódio/uso terapêuticoAssuntos
Humanos , Anticorpos Antibacterianos , Hanseníase , Mycobacterium leprae , ImunofluorescênciaRESUMO
En el periodo comprendido entre 1974 y 1981, de un total de 1050 ninos que consultaron por distintas manifestacions osteoarticulares en la Seccion de Estudio y Prevencion de Fiebre Reumatica del Hospital de Pediatria Pedro de Elizalde, 7 tuvieron un diagnostico final de leucosis.Cinco fueron leucemias linfociticas agudas (LLA) y 2, leucemias mieloides agudas (LMA). En todos los casos el diagnostico fue realizado por puncion aspirativa de medula osea. Artritis fue la primera manifestacion de enfermedad en 6 de 7 pacientes; en 5 asociada a fiebre y en 1 a adenomegalia. El compromiso fue poliarticular en 4 pacientes, oligoarticular en 2 y monoarticular en 1. El curso de estas manifesticones fue persistente en 5 pacientes y remitente en 2. Las grandes articulaciones fueron las mas afectadas frecuentemente. Estos casos demuestran que la leucemia aguda debe incluirse en el diagnostico difencial de las enfermedades reumaticas de la infancia. El mielograma es un estudio que debe ser considerado en todo nino afectado de patologia osea o articular cuyo diagnostico sea dudoso
Assuntos
Pré-Escolar , Criança , Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Artrite , Leucemia , Doenças Reumáticas , Diagnóstico DiferencialRESUMO
Se inyecta azul de metileno 1 mg. en la cavidad amniotica de 15 embarazadas con feto de termino, sin patologia y en 5 embarazadas con fetos muertos de termino. Se puede apreciar una diferencia significativa en las dos curvas, observandose que en los fetos vivos el colorante desciende en mayor magnitud; rapidamente tiende a cero, lo que seria explicado fundamentalmente por una deglucion activa del feto. En los fetos muertos, la disminucion de la concentracion de colorante es mas lenta, de menor magnitud, y tiende a estabelizarse.Esto seria por impregnacion pasiva del azul de metileno en los tegumentos y epitelios del feto y cavidad amniotica. Se piensa que la velocidad de disminucion de la concentracion del colorante podria ser un parametro para medir bienestar fetal.En estos recien nacidos vivos no se comprobaron efectos adversos