RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To describe the perceptions of renal transplant patients of the need for information about their donors and the potential influence of their donors' biological sex and age. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Analytical, observational, cross-sectional and prospective study. Kidney transplant patients over 18 years old who had been transplanted, at least, one year before were included. A semi-structured survey was conducted, and data were collected from medical records. RESULTS: 104 patients were analyzed, 58% (n=60) were women; median age: 47 years; and median post-transplantation period: 7 years. Seventy-six percent (n=79) expressed that they were interested in knowing their donors' biological sex and age (p < 0.001). When asked whether they would choose their donors' sex and age, only 13% (n=14) answered that they would (p < 0.001). When asked whether they felt that their donors' sex and age might have an influence on them, 78% (n=81) answered that they did not, while 22% answered that they did (p < 0.001). Of the 79 patients who expressed an interest in knowing their donors' biological sex and age, 62% (n=49) stated that appreciation was the reason for it (p=0.0025). CONCLUSION: The appreciation towards that person about whom only sex and age are known would allow patients to imaginarily construct their donors.
Assuntos
Transplante de Rim , Adolescente , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Doadores Vivos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Percepção , Estudos ProspectivosRESUMO
BACKGROUND: There is growing evidence supporting the role of inflammation in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) pathophysiology and it is of great interest to elucidate which immune mechanisms are involved. METHODS: 12 aSAH patients and 28 healthy controls were enrolled prospectively. We assessed leukocytes subpopulations and their activation status by flow cytometry in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and peripheral blood (PB) of SAH patients at the same time and in PB of controls. RESULTS: Monocytes and neutrophils were activated in CSF of aSAH patients. The percentage of CD14(++)CD16(+) monocytes were higher in CSF than in PB of aSAH patients, and were also increased in PB of aSAH patients compared with controls. An enhanced expression of CD69 was shown in CSF neutrophils compared with PB in aSAH patients. PB of aSAH patients showed lower percentage of total lymphocytes compared with controls PB. Additionally, lymphocytes were activated in CSF and PB of aSAH patients. CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells had a decreased expression on CD3 and higher levels of CD69 in CSF compared with PB in aSAH patients. Moreover, PB CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells of aSAH patients were activated compared with controls. Additionally, CD28 expression was decreased on CSF T lymphocytes. CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest an important recruitment of leukocytes to the site of injury in aSAH as well as an increased activation at this level. Overall, these results indicate that aSAH probably stimulates both the innate and adaptive immune responses.