RESUMO
UNLABELLED: Meningitis caused by Angiostrongylus cantonensis has recently been reported in patients resulting from the first outbreaks in subtropical regions of Ecuador. METHOD: Eight young adult patients from the two outbreaks were studied. IgA, IgM, IgG and albumin in cerebrospinal fluid and serum were quantified and plotted in cerebrospinal fluid/serum quotient diagrams (Reibergrams). The anamnesis on the patients included asking about any consumption of raw snails, symptoms and harm caused. RESULTS: Mean eosinophilia of 7.5% and 26% in serum and cerebrospinal fluid respectively was observed, as well as a moderate increase in total proteins. The most frequent pattern of intrathecal synthesis was observed in three classes of immunoglobulins. Intrathecal synthesis of IgM was observed in all cases two weeks after the first symptoms appeared. CONCLUSION: The intrathecal synthesis patterns of eosinophilic meningitis due to Angiostrongylus cantonensis, facilitated by cerebrospinal fluid analysis, were similar to those of previous cases from abroad.
Assuntos
Angiostrongylus cantonensis/imunologia , Eosinofilia/imunologia , Meningite/imunologia , Infecções por Strongylida/imunologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Albuminas/análise , Animais , Surtos de Doenças , Equador/epidemiologia , Eosinofilia/epidemiologia , Eosinofilia/parasitologia , Humanos , Imunoglobulinas/análise , Meningite/epidemiologia , Meningite/parasitologia , Infecções por Strongylida/epidemiologia , Infecções por Strongylida/parasitologia , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Meningitis caused by Angiostrongylus cantonensis has recently been reported in patients resulting from the first outbreaks in subtropical regions of Ecuador. METHOD: Eight young adult patients from the two outbreaks were studied. IgA, IgM, IgG and albumin in cerebrospinal fluid and serum were quantified and plotted in cerebrospinal fluid/serum quotient diagrams (Reibergrams). The anamnesis on the patients included asking about any consumption of raw snails, symptoms and harm caused. RESULTS: Mean eosinophilia of 7.5 percent and 26 percent in serum and cerebrospinal fluid respectively was observed, as well as a moderate increase in total proteins. The most frequent pattern of intrathecal synthesis was observed in three classes of immunoglobulins. Intrathecal synthesis of IgM was observed in all cases two weeks after the first symptoms appeared. CONCLUSION: The intrathecal synthesis patterns of eosinophilic meningitis due to Angiostrongylus cantonensis, facilitated by cerebrospinal fluid analysis, were similar to those of previous cases from abroad.
La meningitis provocada por Angiostrongylus cantonensis ha sido reportada recientemente en pacientes procedentes de los primeros brotes reportados en regiones subtropicales de Ecuador. MÉTODO: Ocho adultos jóvenes procedentes de dos brotes fueron estudiados. Se cuantificó IgA, IgM, IgG y albúmina en suero y líquido cefalorraquídeo y fueron colocados en los gráficos de las razones líquido cefalorraquídeo/suero (reibergramas). La anamnesia incluía ingestión de caracoles crudos, los síntomas y los daños provocados. RESULTADOS: Una eosinofílica promedio de 7,5 y 26 por ciento en suero y líquido cefalorraquídeo fue observada al igual que un moderado incremento en las proteínas totales. El patrón de síntesis intratecal predominante fue de tres clases de inmunoglobulinas. La síntesis intratecal de IgM se observó en todos los casos a las dos semanas después del inicio de los síntomas. CONCLUSIÓN: El patrón de síntesis intratecal de la meningitis eosinofílica por Angiostrongylus cantonensis facilitado por el análisis del líquido cefalorraquídeo fue similar a los casos previos reportados fuera del país.
Assuntos
Adolescente , Adulto , Animais , Humanos , Adulto Jovem , Angiostrongylus cantonensis/imunologia , Eosinofilia/imunologia , Meningite/imunologia , Infecções por Strongylida/imunologia , Albuminas/análise , Surtos de Doenças , Equador/epidemiologia , Eosinofilia/epidemiologia , Eosinofilia/parasitologia , Imunoglobulinas/análise , Meningite/epidemiologia , Meningite/parasitologia , Infecções por Strongylida/epidemiologia , Infecções por Strongylida/parasitologiaRESUMO
Angiostrongylus cantonensis meningitis was first reported in Cuba in 1981, and it was recently reported in South America. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the intrathecal immunoglobulin synthesis patterns from Cuba's and Ecuador's patients with angiostrongyliasis; 8 Ecuadorian patients from two different outbreaks and 28 Cuban patients were studied. Simultaneous blood and cerebrospinal fluid samples were taken. Immunoglobulin (Ig) A, IgM, IgG, and albumin were quantified by radial immunodiffusion. Corresponding Reibergrams were applied. A three-Ig pattern was the most frequent in the two groups, but IgM was presented in all Ecuadorian young mature patients; however, in the Cuban children, only 12 of 28 patients had intrathecal IgM, but about 90% had an IgA and IgG synthesis at time of later puncture. This indicates that, with a larger amount of parasites ingested, clinical symptoms are more severe, and a higher frequency of intrathecal IgM synthesis could be observed. This is discussed as a similarity with the intrathecal IgM synthesis in African trypanosomiasis.