RESUMO
Brazil is the fifth largest country in the world with diverse socioeconomic and sanitary conditions, also being the fourth largest pig producer in the world. The aim of the present systematic review was to collect and summarize all HEV published data from Brazil (from 1995 to October 2020) performed in humans, animals, and the environment, in a One Health perspective. A total of 2173 papers were retrieved from five search databases (LILACs, Mendeley, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science) resulting in 71 eligible papers after application of exclusion/inclusion criteria. Data shows that HEV genotype 3 (HEV-3) was the only retrieved genotype in humans, animals, and environment in Brazil. The South region showed the highest human seroprevalence and also the highest pig density and industry, suggesting a zoonotic link. HEV-1 and 2 were not detected in Brazil, despite the low sanitary conditions of some regions. From the present review we infer that HEV epidemiology in Brazil is similar to that of industrialized countries (only HEV-3, swine reservoirs, no waterborne transmission, no association with low sanitary conditions). Hence, we alert for the implementation of HEV surveillance systems in swine and for the consideration of HEV in the diagnostic routine of acute and chronic hepatitis in humans.
RESUMO
The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and diversity of veterinary clinical isolates of Staphylococcus and analyze their antimicrobial susceptibility. One hundred Staphylococcus spp. clinical isolates from domestic and wild animals were subjected to partial sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene to species determination. Antimicrobial susceptibility was obtained by a disk diffusion test against six antibiotics: amoxicillin (AMX), cephalexin (LEX), ciprofloxacin (CIP), erythromycin (ERY), gentamicin (GEN) and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (SXT). The most common specie was S. pseudintermedius (61%, 61/100) and resistance to ERY (57%, 57/100), SXT (50%, 50/100) and AMX (46%, 46/100) was detected most frequently. In total, 40% (40/100) of Staphylococcus spp. exhibited a multidrug-resistant (MDR) phenotype. Results of this study emphasize that animals are reservoir of MDR Staphylococcus spp.(AU)
O objetivo do presente trabalho foi determinar a prevalência e diversidade de isolados clínicos veterinários de Staphylococcus e analisar o perfil de suscetibilidade a antimicrobianos. Um total de 100 Staphylococcus spp. isolados de amostras clínicas de animais domésticos e silvestres foram submetidos ao sequenciamento parcial do gene 16S rRNA, para determinação da espécie. A suscetibilidade antimicrobiana foi obtida por meio da técnica de Disco Difusão contra seis antibióticos: amoxicilina, cefalexina, ciprofloxacina, eritromicina, gentamicina e sulfazotrim. A espécie mais frequente foi S. pseudintermedius (61%, 61/100) e a resistência à eritromicina (57%, 57/100), Sulfazotrim (50%, 50/100) e Amoxicilina (46%, 46/100) foi detectada mais frequentemente. No total, 40% (40/100) dos Staphylococcus spp. demonstraram um fenótipo de multirresistência a drogas (MRD). Os resultados obtidos neste trabalho reforçam o fato de que animais são reservatórios de Staphylococcus spp. MRD.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Cães , Staphylococcus/genética , Antibacterianos , Resistência a MedicamentosRESUMO
The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and diversity of veterinary clinical isolates of Staphylococcus and analyze their antimicrobial susceptibility. One hundred Staphylococcus spp. clinical isolates from domestic and wild animals were subjected to partial sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene to species determination. Antimicrobial susceptibility was obtained by a disk diffusion test against six antibiotics: amoxicillin (AMX), cephalexin (LEX), ciprofloxacin (CIP), erythromycin (ERY), gentamicin (GEN) and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (SXT). The most common specie was S. pseudintermedius (61%, 61/100) and resistance to ERY (57%, 57/100), SXT (50%, 50/100) and AMX (46%, 46/100) was detected most frequently. In total, 40% (40/100) of Staphylococcus spp. exhibited a multidrug-resistant (MDR) phenotype. Results of this study emphasize that animals are reservoir of MDR Staphylococcus spp.
O objetivo do presente trabalho foi determinar a prevalência e diversidade de isolados clínicos veterinários de Staphylococcus e analisar o perfil de suscetibilidade a antimicrobianos. Um total de 100 Staphylococcus spp. isolados de amostras clínicas de animais domésticos e silvestres foram submetidos ao sequenciamento parcial do gene 16S rRNA, para determinação da espécie. A suscetibilidade antimicrobiana foi obtida por meio da técnica de Disco Difusão contra seis antibióticos: amoxicilina, cefalexina, ciprofloxacina, eritromicina, gentamicina e sulfazotrim. A espécie mais frequente foi S. pseudintermedius (61%, 61/100) e a resistência à eritromicina (57%, 57/100), Sulfazotrim (50%, 50/100) e Amoxicilina (46%, 46/100) foi detectada mais frequentemente. No total, 40% (40/100) dos Staphylococcus spp. demonstraram um fenótipo de multirresistência a drogas (MRD). Os resultados obtidos neste trabalho reforçam o fato de que animais são reservatórios de Staphylococcus spp. MRD.