RESUMO
We aim to provide reference values for military aircrews participating in hypoxia awareness training (HAT). We describe several parameters with potential biomedical interest based on selected segments and slopes of the changes in oxygen saturation (SatO2) during a standard HAT. A retrospective analysis of 2298 records of the SatO2 curve was performed, including 1526 military men aged 30.48 ± 6.47 years during HAT in a hypobaric chamber. HAT consisted of pre-oxygenation at 100% and an ascent to 7620 m, followed by O2 disconnection starting the phase of descent of SatO2 until reaching the time of useful consciousness (TUC), and finally reconnection to 100% O2 in the recovery phase. Using an ad hoc computational procedure, the time taken to reach several defined critical values was computed. These key parameters were the time until desaturation of 97% and 90% (hypoxia) after oxygen mask disconnection (D97/D90) and reconnection (R97/R90) phases, the time of desaturation (TUC-D97) and hypoxia (TUC-D90) during disconnection, the total time in desaturation (L97) or hypoxia (L90), and the slopes of SatO2 drop (SDSAT97 and SDSAT90) and recovery (SRSAT97). The mean of the quartiles according to TUC were compared by ANOVA. The correlations between the different parameters were studied using Pearson's test and the effect size was estimated with ω2. Potentially useful parameters for the HAT study were those with statistical significance (p < 0.05) and a large effect size. D97, D90, R97, and R90 showed significant differences with small effect sizes, while TUC-D97, TUC-D90, L97, L90, and SDSAT97 showed significant differences and large effect sizes. SDSAT97 correlated with TUC (R = 0.79), TUC-D97 (R = 0.81), and TUC-D90 (R = 0.81). In conclusion, several parameters of the SatO2 curve are useful for the study and monitoring of HAT. The SDSAT97 measured during the test can estimate the TUC and thus contribute to taking measures to characterize and protect the aircrew members.
Assuntos
Hipóxia , Militares , Saturação de Oxigênio , Humanos , Masculino , Adulto , Hipóxia/fisiopatologia , Saturação de Oxigênio/fisiologia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Oxigênio/metabolismo , AltitudeRESUMO
The recognition of hypoxia symptoms is a critical part of physiological training in military aviation. Acute exposure protocols have been designed in hypobaric chambers to train aircrews to recognize hypoxia and quickly take corrective actions. The goal of the acute hypoxia test is to know the time of useful consciousness and the minimal arterial oxygen saturation tolerated. Currently, there is no computer system specifically designed to analyze the physiological variables obtained during the test. This paper reports the development and analytical capabilities of a computational tool specially designed for these purposes. The procedure was designed using the Igor Pro 8.01 language, which processes oxygen saturation and heart rate signals. To accomplish this, three functional boards are displayed. The first allows the loading and processing of the data. The second generates graphs that allow for a rapid visual examination to determine the validity of individual records and calculate slopes on selected segments of the recorded signal. Finally, the third can apply filters to generate data groups for analysis. In addition, this tool makes it possible to propose new study variables that are derived from the raw signals and can be applied simultaneously to large data sets. The program can generate graphs accompanied by basic statistical parameters and heat maps that facilitate data visualization. Moreover, there is a possibility of adding other signals during the test, such as the oxygenation level in vital organs, electrocardiogram, or electroencephalogram, which illustrates the test's excellent potential for application in aerospace medicine and for helping us develop a better understanding of complex physiological phenomena.
Assuntos
Aviação , Oximetria , Humanos , Sistemas Computacionais , Visualização de Dados , Hipóxia/diagnósticoRESUMO
Muchos modelos predictivos de recidiva para cáncer de próstata (CaP) post prostatectomía radical (PR)son difíciles de aplicar y la tendencia es a encontrar modelos que consideren datos clínicos y patológicosde fácil y rápida obtención. El grupo de trabajo del Johns Hopkins Hospital desarrolló una ecuación deriesgo validada para identificar pacientes de alto riesgo de recidiva precoz de CaP (etapa clínica T1c),después de PR.Realizamos una revisión retrospectiva de pacientes sometidos a PR retropúbica por CaP etapa clínica T1,con un seguimiento mínimo de 6 meses. En estos pacientes aplicamos la ecuación Rw.De un total de 190 pacientes sometidos a PR en los últimos 7 años, encontramos 60 pacientes analizablesen etapa T1c. El promedio de seguimiento fue de 25,4 meses. Al aplicar la ecuación Rw encontramos unasensibilidad de 29 porciento, especificidad de 98 porciento, VPP de 83 porciento y VPN de 78 porciento. En nuestra serie la ecuación RWtiene una pobre sensibilidad pero una buena especificidad.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Neoplasias da Próstata , Prostatectomia/efeitos adversos , Prostatectomia/estatística & dados numéricos , Doenças Prostáticas/patologia , Seguimentos , Próstata/cirurgia , Próstata/patologia , Sensibilidade e EspecificidadeRESUMO
Clínicamente, la inestabilidad del detrusor se asocia con síntomas como frecuencia miccional, nicturia,urgencia y urgeincontinencia (Sd. de Urgencia).El propósito de nuestro trabajo es objetivar la sintomatología urinaria baja de pacientes con diagnósticourodinámico confirmado de vejiga inestable motora (VIM).A un total de 19 pacientes que consultaron en un período de 6 meses por síntomas sugerentes de síndromede urgencia y cuya urodinamia demostró la presencia de una vejiga inestable motora, se les solicitó quecompletaran un diario miccional durante dos días.El promedio de edad fue de 59 años, todos los pacientes cumplieron con, al menos, un criterio clínico deSd. de Urgencia. Los síntomas que más se asocian a VIM en nuestros pacientes son la urgencia miccionaly la disminución en la capacidad vesical.