RESUMO
A total of 1,535 4-12 year-old children were screened with the Conners' rating scales, followed by diagnostic confirmation by the diagnostic interview schedule for children-IV-parent version. The prevalence of ADHD was estimated to be 10.03%, and only 3.9% of children had received medication for the treatment of ADHD symptoms. Prevalence rates and demographic profile of Venezuelan children with ADHD are very similar to those found in samples from other countries. Authorities need to develop public health policies to correctly identify and treat affected subjects. Furthermore, clinicians must actively search for children with ADHD in order to provide the best-available treatment.
Assuntos
Transtorno do Deficit de Atenção com Hiperatividade/epidemiologia , Estudantes/estatística & dados numéricos , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Prevalência , Instituições Acadêmicas , Venezuela/epidemiologiaRESUMO
Diferentes estudios que comparan varones y hembras diagnosticados con Trastorno por Déficit de Atención-Hiperactividad (TDAH) no han sido concluyentes. En general estos estudios reportan que los varones son más hiperactivos y presentan mayor cantidad de problemas de conducta; mientras que las hembras presentan mayor cantidad de problemas cognoscitivos y de aprendizaje. El objetivo de este estudio estuvo dirigido a obtener información acerca de la caracterización del TDAH dependiendo del género. Se recolectaron datos demográficos, escalas de puntuación de padres y profesores, y cociente intelectual de 169 niños (123 varones, 46 hembras), con edades comprendidas entre 4 y 13 años, con diagnóstico de TDAH. La batería de evaluación incluyó las Escalas de Conners-Revisadas para padres y profesores, la versión abreviada de Escala Wechsler para Niños-III edición (WISC-III) y para Pre-Escolares-Revisada (WPPSI-R), medidas de aprovechamiento académico, historia de desarrollo, y el Inventario de Entrevistas Diagnósticas para Niños-IV Versión Padres (DISC-IV. P) Los resultados indicaron ausencia de diferencias significativas entre géneros para ninguna de las variables estudiadas, varones y hembras con TDAH obtuvieron puntuaciones equivalentes en las diferentes medidas de conductuales y cognoscitivas. Los resultados presentados describen homogeneidad de síntomas, características demográficas y funcionamiento neuropsicológico para niños de ambos géneros con diagnóstico de TDAH, sugiriendo un síndrome con los mismos criterios e independiente del género.
Assuntos
Masculino , Humanos , Feminino , Criança , Transtorno do Deficit de Atenção com Hiperatividade , Identidade de Gênero , Neurologia , Pediatria , VenezuelaRESUMO
Results from studies comparing boys and girls diagnosed as having Attention Deficit-Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) have been non conclusive. In general, the results of such studies report boys as being more hyperactive and presenting more conduct problems, and girls as having more cognitive and learning problems. The aim of this study was to collect information about the characterization of the disorder depending on the gender. 169 children (123 males, 46 females), between 4 and 13 years of age with ADHD were studied. The assessment battery included Conners' rating scales-Revised for parents and teachers, short forms of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Third Edition (WISC-III) and Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence-Revised (WPPSI-R), academic achievement measures, developmental history and the Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children-IV Version-Parents (DISC-IV). The results indicated the lack of significant differences between genders for the studied variables, ADHD boys and girls scored alike in the various behavioral and cognitive measures. The results presented describe homogeneity in the symptoms, demographic characteristics and neuropsychological functioning for children of both genders; suggesting a syndrome with the same criteria and independent of the gender.