RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: total knee arthroplasty has gained popularity over decreasing pain, restoring mobility and improving patients' quality of life. At the institutional level, there is no multidisciplinary model in the treatment of our patients, and in our environment, physical rehabilitation starts late, making it difficult for patients to reincorporate and attain adequate pain control. MATERIAL AND METHODS: a controlled, randomized, prospective and longitudinal study was conducted, 55 patients underwent total knee arthroplasty, assigned to two study groups: the ERAS (enhanced recovery after surgery) group (n = 27) and the usual group (n = 28). Inclusion criteria were patients with Kellgren-Lawrence classification grade 4 gonarthrosis, age between 30-70 years and follow-up for six months. Descriptive statistics were performed using medians and interquartile range, while inferential statistics were performed using the Kruskal-Wallis test. RESULTS: the results obtained at six months showed no statistically significant differences in age (p = 0.327) and gender (p = 0.588). The results obtained in the scales of VAS, WOMAC and IKDC showed statistically significant difference (p = 0.000). The rapid recovery group with a 120° flexion median and the usual group with 90° flexion, both groups with 0° extension. CONCLUSIONS: the enhanced recovery after surgery pathway in joint replacement procedures showed good results on pain, function, mobility and complications compared to patients undergoing usual management.

INTRODUCCIÓN: la artroplastía total de rodilla ha ganado popularidad sobre la disminución del dolor, restablecer la movilidad y mejorar la calidad de vida de los pacientes. A nivel institucional, no existe un modelo multidisciplinario en el tratamiento de nuestros pacientes y en nuestro medio la rehabilitación física se inicia de manera tardía, dificultando la reincorporación de los pacientes y el control analgésico. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: se realizó un estudio clínico controlado, aleatorizado, prospectivo y longitudinal que incluyó 55 pacientes sometidos a artroplastía de rodilla, asignados a dos grupos de estudio: el grupo ERAS (Enhanced Recovery After Surgery) (n = 27) y el grupo habitual (n = 28). Los criterios de inclusión fueron pacientes con gonartrosis grado IV de Kellgren y Lawrence, edad comprendida entre 30-70 años y seguimiento de seis meses. La estadística descriptiva se realizó mediante medianas y rango intercuartílico, mientras la estadística inferencial mediante la prueba de Kruskal-Wallis. RESULTADOS: los resultados obtenidos a los seis meses no mostraron diferencias estadísticas significativas de edad (p = 0.327) y género (p = 0.588). Los resultados obtenidos en las escalas de EVA, WOMAC e IKDC mostraron diferencia estadística significativa (p = 0.000). El grupo de recuperación rápida con una mediana de flexión de 120° y el grupo habitual con flexión de 90°, ambos grupos con extensión de 0°. CONCLUSIONES: el programa de recuperación rápida en procedimientos de remplazo articular, mostró buenos resultados sobre el dolor, función, movilidad y complicaciones en comparación con los pacientes sometidos al manejo habitual.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Resumen: Introducción: la artroplastía total de rodilla ha ganado popularidad sobre la disminución del dolor, restablecer la movilidad y mejorar la calidad de vida de los pacientes. A nivel institucional, no existe un modelo multidisciplinario en el tratamiento de nuestros pacientes y en nuestro medio la rehabilitación física se inicia de manera tardía, dificultando la reincorporación de los pacientes y el control analgésico. Material y métodos: se realizó un estudio clínico controlado, aleatorizado, prospectivo y longitudinal que incluyó 55 pacientes sometidos a artroplastía de rodilla, asignados a dos grupos de estudio: el grupo ERAS (Enhanced Recovery After Surgery) (n = 27) y el grupo habitual (n = 28). Los criterios de inclusión fueron pacientes con gonartrosis grado IV de Kellgren y Lawrence, edad comprendida entre 30-70 años y seguimiento de seis meses. La estadística descriptiva se realizó mediante medianas y rango intercuartílico, mientras la estadística inferencial mediante la prueba de Kruskal-Wallis. Resultados: los resultados obtenidos a los seis meses no mostraron diferencias estadísticas significativas de edad (p = 0.327) y género (p = 0.588). Los resultados obtenidos en las escalas de EVA, WOMAC e IKDC mostraron diferencia estadística significativa (p = 0.000). El grupo de recuperación rápida con una mediana de flexión de 120o y el grupo habitual con flexión de 90o, ambos grupos con extensión de 0o. Conclusiones: el programa de recuperación rápida en procedimientos de remplazo articular, mostró buenos resultados sobre el dolor, función, movilidad y complicaciones en comparación con los pacientes sometidos al manejo habitual.

Abstract: Introduction: total knee arthroplasty has gained popularity over decreasing pain, restoring mobility and improving patients' quality of life. At the institutional level, there is no multidisciplinary model in the treatment of our patients, and in our environment, physical rehabilitation starts late, making it difficult for patients to reincorporate and attain adequate pain control. Material and methods: a controlled, randomized, prospective and longitudinal study was conducted, 55 patients underwent total knee arthroplasty, assigned to two study groups: the ERAS (enhanced recovery after surgery) group (n = 27) and the usual group (n = 28). Inclusion criteria were patients with Kellgren-Lawrence classification grade 4 gonarthrosis, age between 30-70 years and follow-up for six months. Descriptive statistics were performed using medians and interquartile range, while inferential statistics were performed using the Kruskal-Wallis test. Results: the results obtained at six months showed no statistically significant differences in age (p = 0.327) and gender (p = 0.588). The results obtained in the scales of VAS, WOMAC and IKDC showed statistically significant difference (p = 0.000). The rapid recovery group with a 120o flexion median and the usual group with 90o flexion, both groups with 0o extension. Conclusions: the enhanced recovery after surgery pathway in joint replacement procedures showed good results on pain, function, mobility and complications compared to patients undergoing usual management.

RESUMO

Resumen: Introducción: Los programas de recuperación rápida en cirugía de reemplazo articular son eficaces en países desarrollados; el objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar los resultados funcionales de un programa de recuperación rápida en nuestra población y comprarlos con los resultados del protocolo habitual. Material y métodos: Se realizó un ensayo clínico no ciego simple aleatorizado con pacientes candidatos a artroplastía total de rodilla (n = 51) reclutados de Mayo de 2018 a Diciembre de 2019. El grupo A (n = 24) recibió un programa de recuperación rápida y el grupo B (n = 27) recibió el protocolo habitual, con seguimiento durante 12 meses. Para el análisis estadístico se utilizó la prueba de t de Student (variables continuas paramétricas), Kruskal-Wallis (variables continuas no paramétricas) y la prueba de χ2 (variables categóricas). Resultados: Se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre grupos en el dolor a los dos meses (grupo A 3.4 ± 1.3 versus grupo B 4.2 ± 1.4, p = 0.04) y seis meses (1 ± 0.8 versus 1.7 ± 1.2, p = 0.01), con el cuestionario WOMAC a los dos meses (grupo A 74.5 ± 7.2 versus grupo B 67.2 ± 7.5, p ≤ 0.01), seis meses (88.7 ± 5.3 versus 83.0 ± 4.8, p ≤ 0.01) y 12 meses (90.1 ± 4.5 versus 86.7 ± 4.3, p ≤ 0.01) y con el cuestionario IDKC a los dos meses (grupo A 62.9 ± 7.0 versus grupo B 55.9 ± 6.1, p ≤ 0.01), seis meses (74.3 ± 2.7 versus 71.1 ± 3.9, p ≤ 0.01) y 12 meses (75.4 ± 3.0 versus 72.6 ± 3.5, p ≤ 0.01). Conclusiones: Los resultados obtenidos en este estudio sugieren que la implementación de estos programas puede ser una alternativa segura y eficaz en cuanto a la disminución del dolor y a la capacidad funcional en nuestra población.

Abstract: Introduction: Rapid recovery programs in joint replacement surgery are effective in developed countries; The objective of this study was to evaluate the functional outcomes of a rapid recovery program in our population and to compare them with the results of the usual protocol. Material and methods: A randomized single blinded clinical trial was conducted with patients who were candidates for total knee arthroplasty (n = 51) recruited from May 2018 to December 2019. group A (n = 24) received a rapid recovery program and group B (n = 27) received the usual protocol, with follow-up for 12 months. For statistical analysis, the Student's t test (parametric continuous variables), Kruskal-Wallis (nonparametric continuous variables) and the chi-square test (categorical variables) were used. Results: Statistically significant differences were found between groups in pain at two months (group A 3.4 ± 1.3 vs group B 4.2 ± 1.4, p = 0.04) and six months (1 ± 0.8 vs 1.7 ± 1.2, p = 0.01), with the WOMAC questionnaire at two months (group A 74.5 ± 7.2 vs group B 67.2 ± 7.5, p ≤ 0.01), six months (88.7 ± 5.3 vs 83.0 ± 4.8, p ≤ 0.01) and 12 months (90.1 ± 4.5 vs 86.7 ± 4.3, p ≤ 0.01), and with the IDKC questionnaire at two months (group A 62.9 ± 7.0 vs group B 55.9 ± 6.1, p ≤ 0.01), six months (74.3 ± 2.7 vs 71.1 ± 3.9, p ≤ 0.01) and 12 months (75.4 ± 3.0 vs 72.6 ± 3.5, p ≤ 0.01). Conclusions: The results obtained in this study suggest that the implementation of these programs can be a safe and effective alternative in terms of reducing pain and functional capacity in our population.

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: rapid recovery programs in joint replacement surgery are effective in developed countries; The objective of this study was to evaluate the functional outcomes of a rapid recovery program in our population and to compare them with the results of the usual protocol. MATERIAL AND METHODS: a randomized single blinded clinical trial was conducted with patients who were candidates for total knee arthroplasty (n = 51) recruited from May 2018 to December 2019. group A (n = 24) received a rapid recovery program and group B (n = 27) received the usual protocol, with follow-up for 12 months. For statistical analysis, the Student's t test (parametric continuous variables), Kruskal-Wallis (nonparametric continuous variables) and the chi-square test (categorical variables) were used. RESULTS: statistically significant differences were found between groups in pain at two months (group A 3.4 ± 1.3 vs group B 4.2 ± 1.4, p = 0.04) and six months (1 ± 0.8 vs 1.7 ± 1.2, p = 0.01), with the WOMAC questionnaire at two months (group A 74.5 ± 7.2 vs group B 67.2 ± 7.5, p 0.01), six months (88.7 ± 5.3 vs 83.0 ± 4.8, p 0.01) and 12 months (90.1 ± 4.5 vs 86.7 ± 4.3, p 0.01), and with the IDKC questionnaire at two months (group A 62.9 ± 7.0 vs group B 55.9 ± 6.1, p 0.01), six months (74.3 ± 2.7 vs 71.1 ± 3.9, p 0.01) and 12 months (75.4 ± 3.0 vs 72.6 ± 3.5, p 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: the results obtained in this study suggest that the implementation of these programs can be a safe and effective alternative in terms of reducing pain and functional capacity in our population.

INTRODUCCIÓN: los programas de recuperación rápida en cirugía de reemplazo articular son eficaces en países desarrollados; el objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar los resultados funcionales de un programa de recuperación rápida en nuestra población y comprarlos con los resultados del protocolo habitual. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: se realizó un ensayo clínico no ciego simple aleatorizado con pacientes candidatos a artroplastía total de rodilla (n = 51) reclutados de Mayo de 2018 a Diciembre de 2019. El grupo A (n = 24) recibió un programa de recuperación rápida y el grupo B (n = 27) recibió el protocolo habitual, con seguimiento durante 12 meses. Para el análisis estadístico se utilizó la prueba de t de Student (variables continuas paramétricas), Kruskal-Wallis (variables continuas no paramétricas) y la prueba de 2 (variables categóricas). RESULTADOS: se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre grupos en el dolor a los dos meses (grupo A 3.4 ± 1.3 versus grupo B 4.2 ± 1.4, p = 0.04) y seis meses (1 ± 0.8 versus 1.7 ± 1.2, p = 0.01), con el cuestionario WOMAC a los dos meses (grupo A 74.5 ± 7.2 versus grupo B 67.2 ± 7.5, p 0.01), seis meses (88.7 ± 5.3 versus 83.0 ± 4.8, p 0.01) y 12 meses (90.1 ± 4.5 versus 86.7 ± 4.3, p 0.01) y con el cuestionario IDKC a los dos meses (grupo A 62.9 ± 7.0 versus grupo B 55.9 ± 6.1, p 0.01), seis meses (74.3 ± 2.7 versus 71.1 ± 3.9, p 0.01) y 12 meses (75.4 ± 3.0 versus 72.6 ± 3.5, p 0.01). CONCLUSIONES: los resultados obtenidos en este estudio sugieren que la implementación de estos programas puede ser una alternativa segura y eficaz en cuanto a la disminución del dolor y a la capacidad funcional en nuestra población.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Abstract: Introduction: Glenohumeral instability occurs in active-age patients with high recurrence rates in previously described treatments. The objective of the study was to analyze the functional and radiographic results of the patients that underwent a modified Eden-Hybinette technique. Material and methods: From January 2017 to December 2019, 14 patients with post-traumatic anterior glenohumeral instability with glenoid bone loss higher or equal to 15% with or without Hill-Sachs lesion were included, qe used the modified Eden-Hybinette technique and outcomes were evaluated with WOSI and ROWE scales pre and post-procedure at 6, 12, and 24 months follow-up, a CT scan was performed at 6 weeks to evaluate the integration of the graft. Results: Five women (35%) and nine men (65%) with a mean age of 39.1 (± 14) years were included. Ten involved the right shoulder (71.4%) and four the left one (28.5%). The results of WOSI and ROWE scales were statistically significant (p ≤ 0.05) in postsurgical evaluations as in all periods analyzed in contrast to a pre-surgical standing point; components of the WOSI test were also viewed separately (Sports, Lifestyle, Emotion, and Physical Symptoms) to assess if any of those separately could've altered or significantly influenced the total score obtained, but we found statistical significance (p ≤ 0.05) in all parameters. There was no recurrence or complications until the last follow-up. Conclusions: The modified Eden-Hybinette technique offers good short-term functional results. It is a safe technique. Further studies are necessary to determine the effectiveness and possible long-term results and complications.

Resumen: Introducción: La inestabilidad glenohumeral ocurre en pacientes en edad activa con altas tasas de recurrencia en tratamientos descritos anteriormente. El objetivo del estudio fue analizar los resultados funcionales y radiográficos de los pacientes sometidos a una técnica de Eden-Hybinette modificada. Material y métodos: De enero de 2017 a diciembre de 2019, se incluyeron 14 pacientes con inestabilidad glenohumeral anterior postraumática con pérdida ósea glenoidea mayor o igual a 15% con o sin lesión de Hill-Sachs, se utilizó la técnica modificada de Eden-Hybinette y se evaluaron los resultados con las escalas WOSI y ROWE pre- y postprocedimiento a los 6, 12 y 24 meses de seguimiento, se realizó una tomografía computarizada a las seis semanas para evaluar la integración del injerto. Resultados: Evaluamos cinco mujeres (35%) y nueve hombres (65%) con una edad media de 39.1 (± 14) años. Diez involucraron el hombro derecho (71.4%) y cuatro el izquierdo (28.5%). Los resultados de las escalas WOSI y ROWE fueron estadísticamente significativos (p ≤ 0.05) en las evaluaciones postquirúrgicas como en todos los períodos analizados en contraste con el prequirúrgico. Los componentes de la prueba WOSI también se vieron por separado (deportes, estilo de vida, emoción y síntomas físicos) para evaluar si alguno de ellos por separado podría haber alterado o influido en la puntuación total obtenida, pero encontramos significancia estadística (p ≤ 0.05) en todos los parámetros. No hubo recurrencia ni complicaciones hasta el último seguimiento. Conclusiones: La técnica Eden-Hybinette modificada ofrece buenos resultados funcionales a corto plazo. Es una técnica segura. Se necesitan estudios adicionales para determinar la efectividad y los posibles resultados y complicaciones a largo plazo.

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: There is still controversy regarding thrombo-prophylaxis for the reduction of thromboembolic disease in major orthopedic surgery. OBJECTIVE: To answer the following question: is there a difference in the effectiveness and safety in the antithrombotic management of patients with a traditional regimen of enoxaparin against acetyl salicylic acid? MATERIAL AND METHODS: The surgeries were performed by 3 surgeons; the sample was randomized and the patients were subjected to the study criteria. We evaluated efficacy and safety as well as the need for readmission and secondary variables such as infection, acute myocardial infarction (AMI), cerebral vascular disease and death with a follow-up of 90 days. RESULTS: The total sample was 402 patients; 214 in the enoxaparin group and 188 in the aspirin group. There were 5 cases (1.24%) with thromboembolic disease, 3 (1.4%) enoxaparin and 2 (1.06%) aspirin without significant difference (p = 0.23). In terms of safety, major bleeding was zero in both groups, with minor bleeding in 7 patients (1.74%), 4 (1.86%) were from the enoxaparin group and 3 (1.59%) from the aspirin group without significant differences (p = 0.82). Secondary outcomes showed 5 (1.24%) superficial surgical wound infections and one AMI in the first 30 days of the procedure in the enoxaparin group. CONCLUSION: Aspirin as monotherapy is safe, effective in antithrombotic prophylaxis in patients operated on total knee arthroplasty.

INTRODUCCIÓN: Aún existe controversia en cuanto a la tromboprofilaxis para la disminución de la enfermedad tromboembólica en la cirugía ortopédica mayor. OBJETIVO: Responder la siguiente pregunta: ¿existe diferencia en la efectividad y seguridad en el manejo antitrombótico de pacientes con un régimen tradicional de enoxaparina contra ácido acetilsalicílico? MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Las cirugías se llevaron a cabo por tres cirujanos, se aleatorizó la muestra y los pacientes fueron sometidos a los criterios del estudio. Evaluamos eficacia y seguridad así como la necesidad de reingreso y variables secundarias como infección, infarto agudo de miocardio, enfermedad vascular cerebral y muerte con un seguimiento de 90 días. RESULTADOS: El total de la muestra fue de 402 pacientes, 214 en el grupo de enoxaparina y 188 en el de aspirina. Se presentaron cinco casos (1.24%) con enfermedad tromboembólica, tres (1.4%) enoxaparina y dos (1.06%) aspirina sin diferencia significativa (p = 0.23). En cuanto a seguridad, el sangrado mayor fue cero en ambos grupos, presentándose sangrado menor en siete pacientes (1.74%), cuatro (1.86%) fueron del grupo enoxaparina y tres (1.59%) del grupo aspirina sin diferencias significativas (p = 0.82). Los resultados secundarios mostraron cinco (1.24%) infecciones de herida quirúrgica superficiales y un IAM en los primeros 30 días del procedimiento en el grupo de enoxaparina. CONCLUSIÓN: La aspirina como monoterapia es segura y eficaz en profilaxis antitrombótica en pacientes operados de artroplastía total de rodilla.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Resumen: Introducción: Aún existe controversia en cuanto a la tromboprofilaxis para la disminución de la enfermedad tromboembólica en la cirugía ortopédica mayor. Objetivo: Responder la siguiente pregunta: ¿existe diferencia en la efectividad y seguridad en el manejo antitrombótico de pacientes con un régimen tradicional de enoxaparina contra ácido acetilsalicílico? Material y métodos: Las cirugías se llevaron a cabo por tres cirujanos, se aleatorizó la muestra y los pacientes fueron sometidos a los criterios del estudio. Evaluamos eficacia y seguridad así como la necesidad de reingreso y variables secundarias como infección, infarto agudo de miocardio, enfermedad vascular cerebral y muerte con un seguimiento de 90 días. Resultados: El total de la muestra fue de 402 pacientes, 214 en el grupo de enoxaparina y 188 en el de aspirina. Se presentaron cinco casos (1.24%) con enfermedad tromboembólica, tres (1.4%) enoxaparina y dos (1.06%) aspirina sin diferencia significativa (p = 0.23). En cuanto a seguridad, el sangrado mayor fue cero en ambos grupos, presentándose sangrado menor en siete pacientes (1.74%), cuatro (1.86%) fueron del grupo enoxaparina y tres (1.59%) del grupo aspirina sin diferencias significativas (p = 0.82). Los resultados secundarios mostraron cinco (1.24%) infecciones de herida quirúrgica superficiales y un IAM en los primeros 30 días del procedimiento en el grupo de enoxaparina. Conclusión: La aspirina como monoterapia es segura y eficaz en profilaxis antitrombótica en pacientes operados de artroplastía total de rodilla.

Abstract: Introduction: There is still controversy regarding thrombo-prophylaxis for the reduction of thromboembolic disease in major orthopedic surgery. Objective: To answer the following question: is there a difference in the effectiveness and safety in the antithrombotic management of patients with a traditional regimen of enoxaparin against acetyl salicylic acid? Material and methods: The surgeries were performed by 3 surgeons; the sample was randomized and the patients were subjected to the study criteria. We evaluated efficacy and safety as well as the need for readmission and secondary variables such as infection, acute myocardial infarction (AMI), cerebral vascular disease and death with a follow-up of 90 days. Results: The total sample was 402 patients; 214 in the enoxaparin group and 188 in the aspirin group. There were 5 cases (1.24%) with thromboembolic disease, 3 (1.4%) enoxaparin and 2 (1.06%) aspirin without significant difference (p = 0.23). In terms of safety, major bleeding was zero in both groups, with minor bleeding in 7 patients (1.74%), 4 (1.86%) were from the enoxaparin group and 3 (1.59%) from the aspirin group without significant differences (p = 0.82). Secondary outcomes showed 5 (1.24%) superficial surgical wound infections and one AMI in the first 30 days of the procedure in the enoxaparin group. Conclusion: Aspirin as monotherapy is safe, effective in antithrombotic prophylaxis in patients operated on total knee arthroplasty.

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Glenohumeral instability occurs in active-age patients with high recurrence rates in previously described treatments. The objective of the study was to analyze the functional and radiographic results of the patients that underwent a modified Eden-Hybinette technique. MATERIAL AND METHODS: From January 2017 to December 2019, 14 patients with post-traumatic anterior glenohumeral instability with glenoid bone loss higher or equal to 15% with or without Hill-Sachs lesion were included, qe used the modified Eden-Hybinette technique and outcomes were evaluated with WOSI and ROWE scales pre and post-procedure at 6, 12, and 24 months follow-up, a CT scan was performed at 6 weeks to evaluate the integration of the graft. RESULTS: Five women (35%) and nine men (65%) with a mean age of 39.1 (± 14) years were included. Ten involved the right shoulder (71.4%) and four the left one (28.5%). The results of WOSI and ROWE scales were statistically significant (p 0.05) in postsurgical evaluations as in all periods analyzed in contrast to a pre-surgical standing point; components of the WOSI test were also viewed separately (Sports, Lifestyle, Emotion, and Physical Symptoms) to assess if any of those separately could've altered or significantly influenced the total score obtained, but we found statistical significance (p 0.05) in all parameters. There was no recurrence or complications until the last follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: The modified Eden-Hybinette technique offers good short-term functional results. It is a safe technique. Further studies are necessary to determine the effectiveness and possible long-term results and complications.

INTRODUCCIÓN: La inestabilidad glenohumeral ocurre en pacientes en edad activa con altas tasas de recurrencia en tratamientos descritos anteriormente. El objetivo del estudio fue analizar los resultados funcionales y radiográficos de los pacientes sometidos a una técnica de Eden-Hybinette modificada. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: De enero de 2017 a diciembre de 2019, se incluyeron 14 pacientes con inestabilidad glenohumeral anterior postraumática con pérdida ósea glenoidea mayor o igual a 15% con o sin lesión de Hill-Sachs, se utilizó la técnica modificada de Eden-Hybinette y se evaluaron los resultados con las escalas WOSI y ROWE pre- y postprocedimiento a los 6, 12 y 24 meses de seguimiento, se realizó una tomografía computarizada a las seis semanas para evaluar la integración del injerto. RESULTADOS: Evaluamos cinco mujeres (35%) y nueve hombres (65%) con una edad media de 39.1 (± 14) años. Diez involucraron el hombro derecho (71.4%) y cuatro el izquierdo (28.5%). Los resultados de las escalas WOSI y ROWE fueron estadísticamente significativos (p 0.05) en las evaluaciones postquirúrgicas como en todos los períodos analizados en contraste con el prequirúrgico. Los componentes de la prueba WOSI también se vieron por separado (deportes, estilo de vida, emoción y síntomas físicos) para evaluar si alguno de ellos por separado podría haber alterado o influido en la puntuación total obtenida, pero encontramos significancia estadística (p 0.05) en todos los parámetros. No hubo recurrencia ni complicaciones hasta el último seguimiento. CONCLUSIONES: La técnica Eden-Hybinette modificada ofrece buenos resultados funcionales a corto plazo. Es una técnica segura. Se necesitan estudios adicionales para determinar la efectividad y los posibles resultados y complicaciones a largo plazo.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Recurrent glenohumeral dislocation is usually associated with bone loss of the glenoid portion, with the anteroinferior location being the most affected. The understanding of the related structures, as well as the use of current imaging studies such as computed axial tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, have made progress in understanding the pathology, as well as the development of surgical materials and minimally invasive tools, they allow us to continue innovating with respect to the previously described treatments, being possible to intervene in technical details with the intention of improving the results. That is why we have done what described by Eden-Hybinette, using tricortical cadaveric graft and as fixation method, limiting the comorbidities associated with the autograft taking, resulting a wide benefit for the patient, during the surgical procedure and in the recovery period.

La luxación glenohumeral recurrente suele asociarse a pérdida ósea de la porción glenoidea, siendo la localización anteroinferior la más afectada. El entendimiento de las estructuras relacionadas así como el uso de estudios de imagen actuales tales como la tomografía axial computarizada y la resonancia magnética han permitido avanzar respecto a la comprensión de la patología, asimismo el desarrollo de materiales quirúrgicos y herramientas de mínima invasión nos permiten continuar innovando respecto a los tratamientos previamente descritos, siendo posible intervenir en detalles técnicos con la intención de mejorar los resultados. Es por eso que hemos realizado lo descrito por Eden-Hybinette utilizando injerto tricortical cadavérico con tornillos canulados como método de fijación, limitando las comorbilidades asociadas a la toma de autoinjerto, dando como resultado un amplio beneficio para el paciente durante el procedimiento quirúrgico y en el período de recuperación.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Resumen: La luxación glenohumeral recurrente suele asociarse a pérdida ósea de la porción glenoidea, siendo la localización anteroinferior la más afectada. El entendimiento de las estructuras relacionadas así como el uso de estudios de imagen actuales tales como la tomografía axial computarizada y la resonancia magnética han permitido avanzar respecto a la comprensión de la patología, asimismo el desarrollo de materiales quirúrgicos y herramientas de mínima invasión nos permiten continuar innovando respecto a los tratamientos previamente descritos, siendo posible intervenir en detalles técnicos con la intención de mejorar los resultados. Es por eso que hemos realizado lo descrito por Eden-Hybinette utilizando injerto tricortical cadavérico con tornillos canulados como método de fijación, limitando las comorbilidades asociadas a la toma de autoinjerto, dando como resultado un amplio beneficio para el paciente durante el procedimiento quirúrgico y en el período de recuperación.

Abstract: Recurrent glenohumeral dislocation is usually associated with bone loss of the glenoid portion, with the anteroinferior location being the most affected. The understanding of the related structures, as well as the use of current imaging studies such as computed axial tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, have made progress in understanding the pathology, as well as the development of surgical materials and minimally invasive tools, they allow us to continue innovating with respect to the previously described treatments, being possible to intervene in technical details with the intention of improving the results. That is why we have done what described by Eden-Hybinette, using tricortical cadaveric graft and as fixation method, limiting the comorbidities associated with the autograft taking, resulting a wide benefit for the patient, during the surgical procedure and in the recovery period.

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Antecedentes: La epicondilitis es una patología con una alta frecuencia en la población mexicana, estudios recientes refieren buenos resultados con plasma rico en plaquetas. Sin embargo, el tratamiento más comúnmente usado en México es la aplicación de corticoesteroide. Objetivo: Realizar en estudio comparativo en donde se determine qué tratamiento tiene mejores resultados (plasma rico en plaquetas vs corticoesteroide). Material y métodos: Se conformaron dos grupos de personas aleatorizadas haciendo dos grupos, el grupo A fue tratado con una sola aplicación de plasma rico en plaquetas y el grupo B fue tratado con 40 mg de metil prednisolona, dosis única. Se realizó una evaluación con la escala visual análoga y con la escala Quick DASH, dicha prueba fue aplicada previo al procedimiento, al mes, a los tres y seis meses. Resultados: Los resultados fueron comparados con un análisis de t de Student. Al mes de la evaluación, los pacientes muestran mejoría sin diferencia significativa. A los tres meses, el plasma rico en plaquetas muestra mejores resultados; sin embargo, a los seis meses se ve un discreto decremento de ésta. Conclusiones: De acuerdo con los resultados obtenidos, el plasma rico en plaquetas muestra mejores resultados en cuanto mejoría del dolor y duración del tratamiento; sin embargo, aún está pendiente definir el número de aplicaciones, así como la posibilidad de obtener mejores resultados al acompañarlo de rehabilitación.

Background: Epicondylitis is a highly frequent condition in the Mexican population. Recent studies have reported good results with platelet rich plasma. However, corticosteroids are the most common treatment used in Mexico. Objective: To conduct a comparative study to determine which treatment provides better results (platelet rich plasma versus corticosteroids). Material and methods: Patients were randomized into two groups. Group A was treated with a single administration of platelet rich plasma and group B with a single dose of 40 mg of methylprednisolone. Patients were assessed using a visual analog scale (VAS) and the Quick DASH scale, applied before the procedure, and at one, three and six months. Results: The results were compared with an analysis using the Student t test. One month after treatment the patients had improvement with no significant difference between both groups. At three months results were better with platelet rich plasma; however, at six months improvement with the latter declined slightly. Conclusions: The results show that platelet rich plasma provided better results from the perspective of pain control and effect duration. However, the number of applications and the possibility of improving the outcomes if combined with rehabilitation have not yet been determined.

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BACKGROUND: Epicondylitis is a highly frequent condition in the Mexican population. Recent studies have reported good results with platelet rich plasma. However, corticosteroids are the most common treatment used in Mexico. OBJECTIVE: To conduct a comparative study to determine which treatment provides better results (platelet rich plasma versus corticosteroids). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Patients were randomized into two groups. Group A was treated with a single administration of platelet rich plasma and group B with a single dose of 40 mg of methylprednisolone. Patients were assessed using a visual analog scale (VAS) and the Quick DASH scale, applied before the procedure, and at one, three and six months. RESULTS: The results were compared with an analysis using the Student t test. One month after treatment the patients had improvement with no significant difference between both groups. At three months results were better with platelet rich plasma; however, at six months improvement with the latter declined slightly. CONCLUSIONS: The results show that platelet rich plasma provided better results from the perspective of pain control and effect duration. However, the number of applications and the possibility of improving the outcomes if combined with rehabilitation have not yet been determined.

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We studied 25 patients with hypertension documented through ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) to know the antihypertensive effect of Lisinopril and its action throughout the day. ABPM was done in all patients after two weeks of washout (phase 1). Then patients took 20 mg daily of Lisinopril during four weeks and after that ABPM was repeated (phase 2). Finally, those patients who persisted with high blood pressure received 40 mg daily of Lisinopril during four more weeks and again ABPM was repeated (phase 3). We found statistic difference in the systolic and diastolic blood pressure among the three phases. During the first phase there were 17 patients (68%) with high blood pressure and this number decreased to 8 (32%) in the second one and to 7 (28%) in the third phase. The results show that Lisinopril has satisfactory antihypertensive effect in about 40% of patients. Nevertheless 20% of the case remained with high blood pressure despite treatment with 40 mg of Lisinopril. On the other hand, both, systolic and diastolic blood pressure decreased satisfactory during the night with the dosage received in the morning. We concluded that Lisinopril has moderate effect when it is given as monotherapy and, it has satisfactory effect all over the day.

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We studied 300 patients (p) with dobutamine stress echocardiography (DSE) and atropine. The indication were chest pain, abnormal electrocardiogram (ECG), abnormal stress electrocardiogram with or without chest pain or any combination of these. The DSE was evaluated with digitized imaging in long and short parasternal views and apical four and two chambers views before and during dobutamine test with simultaneous side by side display. In 21 p (56.7%) we found positive concordance in diagnosis of coronary artery disease (CAD) between coronary arteriography (CA) and DSE. In 13 of 37 p the concordance was negative by the two methods (35.1%); then the DSE was capable correctly predict in 34 p (91%). The abnormal CA and normal DSE were found in one p (4.5%) with 90% obstruction of a small diagonal vessel. In two women DSE was abnormal with inferior hypokinesis (13.3%) and the CA was normal. In 43 p (14.3%) ECG and DSE were positive for myocardial ischemia (MI); negative concordance of both procedures was found in 203 p (67.6%). ECG was abnormal and DSE normal in 46 p (15.3%) 61 p (20.3%) with DSE abnormal in 8 p (2.6%) 61 p (20.3%) had arrhythmias; in 55 (18.3%) premature ventricular contractions, one p with ventricular tachycardia (0.33%); 7.3% of them required endovenous lidocaine. Chest pain was present in 22 p (7.3%) and the treatment waqs sublingual isosorbide; hypotension appeared in 27 p (9%) and were treated with saline infusion. Hypertensive response was found in two p (0.66%) and were treated with nifedipine and smolol. We concluded that DSE with atropine has high sensibility (95.5%) and specificity (86.6%) in the diagnosis of ischemic heart disease. The adverse effects are nondangerous and easily resolved with medical treatment.

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We studied 60 people who were separated into three groups. Group A: 11 patients with pure, severe mitral regurgitation (MR); Group B: 18 patients with pure, severe aortic regurgitation (AR) [this group was divided into two: I) with normal ejection fraction (EF) and II) with low EF]. The third group was a control one with 31 healthy people. Through 2-D Echocardiography (2-D Echo) we got: diameters of the cavities, thickness of the wall, ventricular function, h/r ratio, and systolic wall stress (S). Patients with MR showed left atrial and ventricular enlargement with low h/r ratio, normal ventricular function and raised S. The group I of AR had left ventricular enlargement and hypertrophy, with normal h/r ratio and EF, and with raised S, while the group II of AR showed left ventricular enlargement, low h/r ratio and EF with very high S. In MR volumetric overload causes different anatomic and functional changes on the left ventricle than in the AR. In MR there is a systolic leak toward left atrium. This causes the low S in the beginning of the illness and is not the mechanism that trigger left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). The absence of LVH causes excessive enlargement of the myofibril and with time there is structural damage and contractile failure which raises the systolic volume and S. Later on, hypertrophy develops. On the other hand, since the beginning AR has high S which causes adequate hypertrophy (normal h/r ratio) and later it produces huge ventricular enlargement decreases the h/r ratio (inadequate hypertrophy) with contractile failure. We conclude: the time of surgery in MR is when the patient raises S and in the AR when inadequate hypertrophy appears (low h/r) but when EF is still normal.

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We studied 15 patients with essential hypertension (EH) in whom the diagnosis was corroborated with ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM). The blood pressure levels (BP) were compared with values obtained from healthy people (HP). We studied 31 HP with 2-D echocardiogram and the parameters of ventricular performance were compared with the values obtained from EH people. ABPM shown that the EH people has higher BP values than HP around 24 hs (EH loss the circadian rhythm of BP). On the other hand the EH had left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) with normal systolic ventricular function (VF). The systolic wall stress was low because the LVH was inappropriate. The LVH as adaptative mechanism maintains normal the VF in spite of pressure overload without increasing MVO2. When the pressure overload is not eradicated in a variable amount of time the adaptative mechanisms slowly change to a pathologic process caused by collagen deposition in the interstitium of the heart. In advanced stages the remodeling process causes diastolic disfunction, myocardial ischemia, arrhythmias and death by heart failure or suddenly. This last stage is the real hypertensive heart disease.

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Several methods for evaluation of exercise stress testing (EST) have been described in order to analyze the relationship between ST segment changes and heart rate. The ST/HR slope has demonstrated to be worthwhile in identifying severe coronary artery disease (CAD). We applied this method in patients catalogued as borderline in the traditional exercise test to find out if they could be considered to have a severe CAD. The patients were divided into two groups: the A, which included 41 patients with borderline EST, and the group B with 41 patients with normal EST. Age, risk factors, double product and ST/HR slope were evaluated. The testing was done on a treadmill with the Bruce protocol. Four patients in group A had ST/HR slope greater than 6.0 mu Volt/beat/min (two of them with borderline EST). Whereas all patients in group B had ST/HR slope values less than 6.0. We concluded this is a sensitive method for discrimination between normal and borderline EST. We found no correlation among age, sex, risk factors, double product and ST/HR slope. Approximately 10 percent of borderline EST would be underestimated with the traditional method. The calculation of the slope obtained its maximum applicability in patients with almost maximum EST.

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Los tumores de testículo representan el 1% de los cánceres en el hombre (7) y constituyen una de las principales causas de muerte en la segunda y tercera décadas de la vida (23). El uso de cirugía, radioterapia y quimioterapia ha cambiado las expectativas de vida de este grupo de pacientes, lográndose un 70% de curaciones (8). En este estudio se hace una revisión de los resultados obtenidos en el Instituto de Oncología Luis Razetti y el Instituto Médico La Floresta, en los casos de tumores malignos del testículo tratados en el período 1956 - 1984

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