RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Prenatal and early childhood lead exposures have been associated with reduced weight in infants and young children, while studies that have examined such associations in children during peripubescence are rare. OBJECTIVES: We investigated the associations of prenatal and early-life exposure to lead with indices of adiposity in peripubertal children living in Mexico City. METHODS: Maternal bone lead (as a proxy for cumulative fetal exposure) was assessed at 1 month postpartum. Blood samples were obtained from children annually from 1 to 4 years. Multivariable linear regression models were used to examine the association between each lead biomarker and BMI z-score, waist circumference, sum of skinfolds and body fat percentage in 248 children aged 8-16 years. RESULTS: After adjusting for covariates, maternal patella lead was associated with lower child BMI z-score (ßâ¯=â¯-0.02, 95% CI: 0.03, -0.01, pâ¯=â¯0.004), waist circumference (ßâ¯=â¯-0.12â¯cm, 95% CI: 0.22, -0.03, pâ¯=â¯0.01), sum of skinfolds (ßâ¯=â¯-0.29â¯mm, 95% CI: 0.50, -0.08, pâ¯=â¯0.007) and body fat percentage (ßâ¯=â¯-0.09%, 95% CI: 0.17, -0.01, pâ¯=â¯0.03). No significant associations were detected from the postnatal exposure period. CONCLUSIONS: We observed a significant and inverse association of prenatal lead exposure with body composition in Mexican children, suggesting the potential role of early lead exposure in the fetal programming of child growth. Further research on the biological mechanisms underlying these associations is needed.
Assuntos
Adiposidade , Poluentes Ambientais/análise , Chumbo/análise , Exposição Materna , Efeitos Tardios da Exposição Pré-Natal , Adolescente , Adulto , Monitoramento Biológico , Criança , Cidades , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Troca Materno-Fetal , México , Patela/química , Gravidez , Tíbia/química , Adulto JovemRESUMO
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine the feasibility and functionality of MyDiaText™, a website and text messaging platform created to support behavior change in adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1DM) and to evaluate user satisfaction of the application. METHODS: This study was a nonrandomized, prospective, pilot trial to test the feasibility and user interface with MyDiaText, a text message system for 10- to 17-year-old youths with newly diagnosed T1DM. Feasibility was evaluated by assessing for the user's ability to create a profile on the website. Functionality was defined by assessing whether a subject responded to at least 2 text messages per week and by their accumulating points on the website. User satisfaction of the text messaging system was assessed using an electronic survey. The 4 phases of this study were community engagement-advisory sessions, screening and enrollment, intervention, and follow-up. RESULTS: Twenty subjects (14 male, 6 female) were enrolled. All subjects were able to create a profile, and of these, 86% responded to at least 2 text messages per week. A survey administered during follow-up showed that users enjoyed reading text messages, found them useful, and thought the frequency of messages was appropriate. CONCLUSION: MyDiaText is a feasible, functional behavioral support tool for youth with T1DM. Users of the application reported high satisfaction with text messages and the reward system.