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In this study, the electrochemical degradation process of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in aqueous media was performed using a continuous flow reactor in an undivided cell (system I), and in a divided cell with a cationic membrane (Nafion® 424) (system II). In system I, 75% of 5-FU degradation was achieved (50 mg L-1) with a applied current density japp = 150 A m-2, volumetric flow rate qv = 13 L h-1, after 6 h of electrolysis (kapp = 0.004 min-1). The removal efficiency of 5-FU was higher (95%) when the concentration was 5 mg L-1 under the same conditions. Nitrates (22% of initial amount of N), fluorides (27%) and ammonium (10%) were quantified after 6 h of electrolysis. System II, 77% of 5-FU degradation was achieved (50 mg L-1) after 6 h of electrolysis (kapp = 0.004 min-1). The degradation rate of 5-FU was complete when the concentration was 5 mg L-1 under the same conditions. Nitrates (29% of initial amount of N), fluorides (25%) and ammonium (5%) were quantified after 6 h of electrolysis. In addition, the main organic byproducts identified by mass spectroscopy were aliphatic compound with carbonyl and carboxyl functionalities. Due to, the mineralization of 5-FU with acceptable efficiency of 88% found in system II (japp of 200 A m-2), this system seems to be more promising in the cytostatic drug removal. Moreover the efficiency of 5-FU removal in diluted solutions is better in system II than in system I.

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INTRODUCTION: Riedel´s thyroiditis is a thyroid inflammation with invasive fibrosis. CASE REPORT: Female 84 years old, studied by dysphagia to liquids and dysphonia, with cervical mass poorly demarcated and immobile. Computed Tomography (CT) (CT) showed tumor that diverted the trachea and esophagus compressed. Fine Needle Aspiration (FNA) obtained cells with atypia. Thyroidectomy was performed, appreciating a stony tumor which included the right recurrent laryngeal nerve. Given the high suspicion of thyroid malignancy tracheostomy it was performed. The pathology report as fibrosing Riedel thyroiditis. DISCUSSION: This is the less common type of chronic thyroiditis. Etiology is unknown. The normal thyroid parenchyma is replaced by fibrous connective tissue. Clinically usually a hard mass, fast growing, why is confused with thyroid carcinoma and Hashimoto's thyroiditis. It´ss more common in women and is usually bilateral. The CT or MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) help assess the extent. Puncturing the mass could give us the diagnosis but is often difficult. Treatment to relieve symptoms or rule out malignancy is surgery. The prognosis is usually good. CONCLUSIONS: Riedel´s thyroiditis is an entity with histopathologic diagnosis essential

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We describe an adaptive interferometer based on rubidium vapor, which combines a good signal-to-noise ratio with a high cutoff frequency of approximately 1 MHz. These features can be useful for optical detection of ultrasound generated in diffusely scattering objects in the presence of strong environmentally produced vibrations.

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OBJECTIVE: Describe trends in morbidity and lethality of cancer in University Hospital Joaquín Albarrán (La Habana, Cuba). METHOD: Carry out a temporal series studies of patients admitted from january 1999 to december 2005. We obtain information about admission, total and for cancer, deceased patients and lethality rates (deceased for cancer/admission for cancer x 100). From the 2005 admission we obtain age, sex, cause of admission, and if the diagnostic of cancer was doing during this admission or before. RESULTS: Trend of cancer's admission have continuous increase during 1999-2005 period, with 3% of admission in 1999 to 7.99% in 2005. Lethality rates have an irregular behavior with smaller rate in 1999 (12.7%) and bigger in 2001 (27.86%). Internal Medicine service gave care to 60.71% of cancer admission, with less frequency in general surgery service (26.81%). 44% of patients were diagnosed during this admission, and 56% the diagnosis was doing in previous admission, of which 42.1% were admitted to treatment (surgical and drugs) and 53.5% for cancer complications. CONCLUSIONS: We show a continuous increased trend in hospital cancer morbidity. It is a commit to modify healthcare's strategies of cancer patient addressed to guarantee the quality of services in front of the increased demand.

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Los quistes de cuerda vocal son un motivo de consulta frecuente en Otorrinolaringología. Su clínica se caracteriza por disfonía de larga evolución, en un paciente con antecedentes de mala respuesta a tratamientos foniátricos previos. El diagnóstico se realiza mediante la visualización de la lesión, con exámenes como laringoscopía indirecta, idealmente nasofibroscopía, telaringoscopía y estraboscopía. El tratamiento es mediante microcirugía. El presente estudio tiene como objetivo mostrar la experiencia de la Unidad Docente Asociada de Otorrinolaringología de la Facultad de Medicina de la Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile en el diagnóstico y manejo de los quistes de Cuerda vocal. Se realizó un análisis retrospectivo de todos los pacientes (N=33) con diagnóstico de quiste de cuerda vocal tratados entre junio de 2000 y julio de 2004. El promedio de edad fue de 34,7 años. En el 59 por ciento de los casos, el diagnóstico fue efectuado mediante telelaringoscopía asociada a estroboscopía. En el 20 por ciento de los pacientes (N=7) el diagnóstico inicial realizado con nasofibroscopía cambió con el uso de telelaringoscopía asociada a estroboscopía. El 79 por ciento de los pacientes operados refirió sentirse mejor con respecto a su condición previa.

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Nuestro objetivo fue estudiar las características clínicas de pacientes de Trastorno Funcional Doloroso Temporomandibular (TFDT) y su asociación a otalgia refleja como forma de presentación. Se diseñó un estudio retrospectivo descriptivo de pacientes que consultaron al policlínico de cirugía maxilofacial entre enero 2002 y enero 2003. Se registraron variables demográficas y clínicas, siendo analizadas con estadística descriptiva. En el período descrito consultaron 255 pacientes, en 58 de ellos se diagnosticó TFDT, siendo éste nuestro grupo de estudio. La edad promedio fue de 45 años y la distribución por sexo fue de 50 pacientes de sexo femenino (86 por ciento) y 8, masculino (14 por ciento). En 47 por ciento de los casos el motivo de consulta fue otalgia. De ellos, el 88 por ciento fueron derivados por otorrinolaringólogo.

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Se analiza la experiencia quirúrgica del autor en el microdebridador nasal. Enumerando sus características técnicas y las ventajas de su uso en poliposis efectuadas 12, adenoidectomías 7, turbinectomía 1 y cirugías endoscópicas funcionales 4

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We performed a prospective study in patients with a medical history of adverse reaction to drugs with the purpose of rule out allergy. We included 31 patients who were attended in the Allergy Service. We compared the sensibility and specificity of the test of inhibition factor of leucocytes migration and degranulation basophil against the exposition. After the statistical analysis, we concluded: the laboratory test, we have already mentioned, have little sensibility and specificity so the exposition test in the quickest, useful, and more simple method to determine drugs allergy, but more dangerous.

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This paper presents results about comparative study in winter season, in a statistics design AB and BA on 20 patients that were treated with salbutamol (Group B) and with salbutamol of controlled liberation (Group B) at random. Results showed that patients of Group B had improvement in symptomatology and had less exacerbations than those patients of group A with statistical significance. It was concluded that salbutamol tablets of controlled liberation is a therapeutic method adequate to control chronic phase of asthmatic patients in winter season.

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