RESUMO
In 2019, a new rule was applied in soccer. It allows the goalkeeper to have only one foot or part of it on the goal line when the kicker hits the ball, unlike the previous rule that determined the goalkeeper should have both feet on the line. The purpose of the present study was to analyze how the change in the rule and the lower limbs laterality influences on the diving save kinematic performance in penalties. Six goalkeepers, two professionals and four amateurs, performed a total of 20 dives in the laboratory and had their force and impulse exerted by the lower limb and displacement/velocity data from the center of body mass collected through force plates and kinematic analysis. The side preference was collected through an inventory. The results showed that goalkeepers dive further (p < 0.001) and faster (p < 0.001) when diving according to the new rule. Dives for the non-dominant side presented higher values than the trials for the dominant side in mediolateral (p = 0.02) and resultant (p = 0.03) displacements. Concluding, the goalkeepers performed better with the new rule in the analyzed variables and the lower limb preference has influenced only the mediolateral and resultant displacement.
Assuntos
Mergulho , Futebol , Fenômenos Biomecânicos , Lateralidade FuncionalRESUMO
Transcultural approaches comparing the distribution of lateral preference between countries focused primarily on handedness. However, other laterality dimensions may also be susceptible to cultural variations. The present study compared lateral preference in five dimensions (hand, foot, trunk, hearing, and visual) of young adults from Brazil and Mozambique. Two hundred and two undergraduate students participated in the study, of which 101 were Brazilian (21.7 ± 1.66 years old) and 101 Mozambican (25.6 ± 6.2 years old). The participants' lateral preference direction and degree were assessed using the global lateral preference inventory. Most Brazilians were classified in the moderate preference category, while Mozambicans had a higher frequency of individuals with strong preferences. Hence, Mozambicans presented a higher lateralization degree for all dimensions. A subsequent analysis considering only preference direction (right, left or indifferent), and not degree, did not show the same outcomes, revealing similarities in preference distribution between the two groups. This finding highlights the necessity to incorporate preference degrees in future analysis to not overlook potential differences. We also conclude lateral preference investigations with transcultural approaches should analyse beyond handedness, as other dimensions can also be modulated by cultural characteristics.
Assuntos
Pé , Lateralidade Funcional , Adulto Jovem , Humanos , Adulto , Estudantes , Previsões , BrasilRESUMO
In elite-level soccer, the ability to take shots with both limbs from different positions in the pitch may be key to success. This research aimed to: 1) analyze footedness of elite-football players in European leagues during shooting by computing frequency of right- and left-foot use and accuracy; and 2) investigate whether an athlete's distance from the target (goal, penalty, and outside penalty area) and pitch zone (center, left, or right from the goal) can constrain foot selection during shooting. We analyzed 1826 games from the 2017/18 season, divided between: Spanish LaLiga (380 matches); Italian Serie A (380 matches); English Premier League (380 matches); German Bundesliga (306 matches); and French Ligue 1 (380 matches). Results revealed asymmetrical proportions of foot selection, favoring the preferred foot for right- and left-footed athletes. Frequency of preferred foot selection increased as a function of distance from the target (i.e., the farther the athlete, higher the percentage of preferred foot selection). Shots taken from the left side were more often performed with the right foot and vice-versa, for both left- and right-footed athletes. Interestingly, asymmetries were observed only in foot selection, but not in performance, as success rate did not vary between limbs in any position.