RESUMO
INTRODUCCIÓN La insuficiencia renal crónica es una enfermedad que se encuentra en un estado de constante crecimiento. La discapacidad que genera esta enfermedad debe considerar efectos físicos y sociales, dada la falta de atención y a las condiciones socioeconómicas que la generan. Por lo tanto, el acceso a los servicios para tratar la insuficiencia renal crónica está condicionado a factores de tipo social y de tipo biológico. OBJETIVO Analizar el efecto de los componentes sociales en la insuficiencia renal crónica en un sector de la población de México que padece la enfermedad, en particular para el caso de la mujer. MÉTODOS Se aplicó el modelo lineal generalizado de Poisson, seleccionando las variables relacionadas con la equidad en la aplicación de los servicios de salud. Se tomaron datos estadísticos reportados en mujeres por el Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía de México en el periodo 2009-2015. Las variables consideradas fueron grado de escolaridad, ocupación, acceso a la salud, región geográfica y zona habitable, así como le etapa de vida. RESULTADOS La mayor tasa de incidencia para la insuficiencia renal crónica corresponde a la mujer adulta intermedia, que trabaja en servicios informales excluidos legalmente de la cobertura institucional de salud, tiene baja escolaridad y vive en un área rural de la zona centro; mientras que la mujer adulta joven que vive en una metrópoli urbana de la zona norte presenta el perfil de menor incidencia. CONCLUSIONES Los determinantes económicos derivados de la actividad de las personas, así como la edad, el nivel educativo y el entorno en el que habitan, influyen tanto en el padecimiento de la enfermedad como en las posibilidades de enfrentarla con éxito.
INTRODUCTION Kidney chronic disease patients are being increasingly identified. The disability generated by this disease must consider physical and social effects given the lack of attention and the socioeconomic conditions that generate it. Therefore, access to services to treat kidney chronic disease is determined by social and biological factors. OBJECTIVE To analyze the effect of the social components on kidney chronic disease in a sector of the Mexican population that suffers from the disease, particularly in the case of women. METHODS The Poisson generalized linear model was applied, selecting the variables related to equity in the administration of health services. Statistical data reported by the National Institute of Statistics and Geography of Mexico in the period 2009-2015 in women was taken. The variables considered were the level of schooling, occupation, access to health, geographical region and habitable zone, as well as stage of life. RESULTS The highest incidence rate for kidney chronic disease is attributed to the intermediate adult woman, who works in informal services legally excluded from institutional health coverage, has low schooling and lives in a rural area of the Center zone, while the young adult woman that lives in an urban metropolis in the North zone presents lowest incidence profile. CONCLUSION The economic determinants derived from people's activities, as well as their age, the educational level and the environment in which they live influence both the acquisition of the disease and the possibilities of managing it successfully.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Disparidades em Assistência à Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Acessibilidade aos Serviços de Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Falência Renal Crônica/terapia , Fatores Sexuais , Incidência , Fatores de Risco , Escolaridade , Falência Renal Crônica/epidemiologia , MéxicoRESUMO
Accessibility and availability of drugs has been a matter of great concern for health services all over the world, especially for less developed countries. The World Health Organization has devoted considerable time to this matter, as evidenced in several documents and policies, such as model lists of essential drugs and the strategy "Health for All by the Year 2000". The WHO policy for essential drugs has been widely accepted, and the WHO List of Essential Drugs is now in the ninth revised edition. Although the essential drug policy has been well-accepted by health agencies and NGOs, the pharmaceutical industry has not proven willing to produce essential drugs at affordable prices. The purpose of this study is to examine price levels of essential drugs in Mexico. The evaluation was performed through a comparison of international and national prices for leading drugs in the respective therapeutic categories and included in the WHO model list of essential drugs. The study shows clearly that prices of essential brand-name drugs in Mexico are very high. Per capita consumption has remained stable despite a sharp decrease in the Mexican GDP since 1995. The article discusses the reasons for this and proposes measures to deal with the problem.
Assuntos
Medicamentos Essenciais/economia , Custos e Análise de Custo , Medicamentos Genéricos/economia , Política de Saúde , México , Organização Mundial da SaúdeRESUMO
The purpose of this work is to examine the relationship between economic development and the population's level of health. Consequently, we will establish a comparison between Mexico and other countries in various stages of development. The interrelationship between economic development and health is a complex problem which is little understood, even though it is acknowledged that at increased levels of economic development the levels of health of a population will also increase. These considerations can be taken into account when we accept the fact that the health conditions in industrialized countries are generally better than the health conditions in non-industrialized countries. In the case of Mexico, the problems relating to social disparities due to the type of economic development are reflected in the country's level of health. Poor health conditions and the deterioration of health services in Mexico, based on international references, are matters that must be resolved by means of a clear political decision accompanied by the appropriate corresponding resources so that the strategies put forth by the National Health Program (1989-1994) can be carried out.