RESUMO
In this work, we revisit the dynamics of carbon monoxide molecular chemisorption on Cu(110) by using quasi-classical trajectory calculations. The molecule-surface interaction is described through an atomistic neural network approach based on Density Functional Theory calculations using a nonlocal exchange-correlation (XC) functional that includes the effect of long-range dispersion forces: vdW-DF2 [Lee et al. Phys. Rev. B, 82, 081101 (2010)]. With this approach, we significantly improve the agreement with experiments with respect to a similar previous study based on a semi-local XC functional. In particular, we obtain excellent agreement with molecular beam experimental data concerning the dependence of the initial sticking probability on surface temperature and impact energy at normal incidence. For off-normal incidence, our results also reproduce two trends observed experimentally: (i) the preferential sticking for molecules impinging parallel to the [1Ì10] direction compared to [001] and (ii) the change from positive to negative scaling as the impact energy increases. Nevertheless, understanding the origin of some remaining quantitative discrepancies with experiments requires further investigations.
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Ingestion of S. planicaulis (Sin. S. carpinifolia) causes lysosomal storage disease in sheep. The main toxic compound of this plant, swainsonine, inhibits the enzymatic activity of α-mannosidase I and II, resulting in lysosomal storage of glycoproteins. We describe a case of spontaneous poisoning by S. planucaulis in Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil. Physical examination of affected animals revealed proprioceptive deficit, motor incoordination, staggering movement, and head tremors. Histopathological evaluation showed severe swelling/cytoplasmic vacuolization in Purkinje neurons, with a foamy appearance and occasional karyolysis or karyopyknosis, and intense vacuolization of acinar cells of the pancreas and, less markedly, thyroid follicular cells. The positive lectin-histochemistry labeling for Con A, WGA and sWGA lectins characterized the disease as a glycoproteinosis. The ultrastructural evaluation revealed numerous vacuoles up to 2.5µm in diameter bounded by membranes up to 20nm thick in pancreatic acinar cells. The diagnosis of S. planicaulis toxicity was established based on epidemiological data, clinicopathological, lectino-histochemical, and ultrastructural findings. This is the second report of spontaneous poisoning of sheep by S. planicaulis in Brazil, but the first in the Southeastern Brazil.
A ingestão de S. planicaulis (Sin. S. carpinifolia) tem sido responsabilizada por doença do armazenamento lisossomal em ovinos. O principal composto tóxico dessa planta, a swainsonina, inibe atividade enzimática da α-manosidase I e II, que redunda no armazenamento de glicoproteínas no interior de lisossomos. Descreveu-se um caso de intoxicação espontânea por S. planicaulis no estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. O exame físico dos animais afetados revelou déficit proprioceptivo, incoordenação motora, cambaleio à movimentação e tremores de intenção e na cabeça. A avaliação histopatológica evidenciou severa tumefação/vacuolização citoplasmática em neurônios de Purkinje, com aspecto espumoso e eventual cariólise ou cariopicnose e intensa vacuolização de células acinares do pâncreas e, menos marcadamente, foliculares da tireoide. O exame lectino-histoquímico positivo para as lectinas Con A, WGA e sWGA foi capaz de caracterizar a enfermidade como uma glicoproteinose. A avaliação ultraestrutural revelou numerosos vacúolos de até 2,5µm de diâmetro, delimitados por membranas de até 20nm de espessura em células acinares do pâncreas. O diagnóstico da intoxicação por S. planicaulis foi estabelecido com base nos dados epidemiológicos, nos achados clínico-patológicos e confirmado pelas avaliações lectino-histoquímica e ultraestrutural. Esta é segunda descrição da intoxicação natural por S. planicaulis em ovinos no Brasil e a primeira na região Sudeste do país.
Assuntos
Animais , Intoxicação , Ovinos , Doenças por Armazenamento dos Lisossomos , Malvaceae/toxicidadeRESUMO
When the Amazonian rain forest is cut to create pasture, some of the original vegetal species survive clearing, even expressing their ability to invade agro-systems. It is true of the babassu palm, which can be considered, paradoxically, a natural resource by the "Interstate Movement of Babassu Fruit Breaker Women" or as native weed by land owners-farmers. To manage potential conflict of land uses, we study here the current density of this palm tree in different habitats, based on a combination of field data and remote sensing data. Firstly, we checked that the field survey methodology (i.e., counting free-trunk palm trees over 20 cm in circumference) provides density values compatible with those stemming from satellite images interpretation. We can see then that, a PA-Benfica Brazilian territory revealed an average density of the babassu lower in pastures (2.86 ind/ha) than in the dense forest (4.72 ind/ha) from which they originate and than in fallow land (4.31 ind/ha). We analyze in detail density data repartition in three habitats and we discuss results from the literature on the density of this palm tree versus its resilience at different developmental stages after forest clearing, depending on anthropogenic-or not-factors, including solar radiation, fire, weeding, clear cutting, burying fruit, and competition with forage grass. All these results can be exploited for the design of future management plans for the babassu palm and we think that the linked methodology and interdisciplinary approach can be extended to others palms and trees species in similar problematic issues.
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Agricultura/métodos , Arecaceae , Floresta Úmida , Imagens de Satélites , Biodiversidade , Brasil , Coleta de Dados/métodos , Incêndios , ÁrvoresRESUMO
Magnetic properties of Mn linear nanochains on a bcc Fe(1 1 0) surface have been studied using the first-principles real space-linear muffin-tin orbital atomic sphere approximation (RS-LMTO-ASA) method. We have considered up to nine Mn atoms deposited on bcc Fe(1 1 0). Our ab initio calculations reveal the competition between the antiferromagnetic Mn-Mn and Mn-Fe couplings, presenting a behavior which is very different from Mn nanowires on Fe(0 0 1), as shown in a previous publication. Due to this competition and non-negligible Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction, noncollinear magnetic structures are stabilized as ground states for the Mn nanochains on Fe(1 1 0).
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AIMS: To investigate the effect of heme, cobalt-protoporphyrin IX and tin-protoporphyrin IX (CoPPIX and SnPPIX), macrocyclic structures composed by a tetrapyrrole ring with a central metallic ion, on Dengue Virus (DENV) and Yellow Fever Virus (YFV) infection. METHODS AND RESULTS: Treatment of HepG2 cells with heme, CoPPIX and SnPPIX after DENV infection reduced infectious particles without affecting viral RNA contents in infected cells. The reduction of viral load occurs only with the direct contact of DENV with porphyrins, suggesting a direct effect on viral particles. Previously incubation of DENV and YFV with heme, CoPPIX and SnPPIX resulted in viral particles inactivation in a dose-dependent manner. Biliverdin, a noncyclical porphyrin, was unable to inactivate the viruses tested. Infection of HepG2 cells with porphyrin-pretreated DENV2 results in a reduced or abolished viral protein synthesis, RNA replication and cell death. Treatment of HepG2 or THP-1 cell lineage with heme or CoPPIX after DENV infection with a very low MOI resulted in a decreased DENV replication and protection from death. CONCLUSIONS: Heme, CoPPIX and SnPPIX possess a marked ability to inactivate DENV and YFV, impairing its ability to infect and induce cytopathic effects on target cells. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: These results open the possibility of therapeutic application of porphyrins or their use as models to design new antiviral drugs against DENV and YFV.
Assuntos
Antivirais/farmacologia , Vírus da Dengue/efeitos dos fármacos , Dengue/virologia , Heme/farmacologia , Metaloporfirinas/farmacologia , Protoporfirinas/farmacologia , Febre Amarela/virologia , Vírus da Febre Amarela/efeitos dos fármacos , Antivirais/química , Dengue/tratamento farmacológico , Vírus da Dengue/genética , Vírus da Dengue/fisiologia , Heme/química , Humanos , Metaloporfirinas/química , Protoporfirinas/química , RNA Viral/genética , Inativação de Vírus/efeitos dos fármacos , Febre Amarela/tratamento farmacológico , Vírus da Febre Amarela/genética , Vírus da Febre Amarela/fisiologiaRESUMO
Bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) causes one of the most important diseases of cattle in terms of economic costs and welfare. The aims were to estimate herd prevalence and to investigate the factors associated with antibodies in bulk tank milk (BTM) in dairy herds through a matched case-control study. To estimate herd prevalence, BTM samples were randomly selected (n = 314) from a population (N = 1604). The true prevalence of BVDV was 24.3% (CI 95% = 20.1-29.3%). For the case-control study, BVDV antibody-positive herds (high antibody titres) were classified as cases (n = 21) and matched (n = 63) by milk production with herds presenting low antibody titres (ratio of 1 : 3). Three multivariable models were built: 1) full model, holding all 21 variables, and two models divided according to empirical knowledge and similarity among variables; 2) animal factor model; and 3) biosecurity model. The full model (model 1) identified: age as a culling criteria (OR = 0.10; CI 95% = 0.02-0.39; P < 0.01); farms that provided milk to other industries previously (OR = 4.13; CI 95% = 1.17-14.49; P = 0.02); and isolation paddocks for ill animals (OR = 0.14; CI 95% = 0.01-0.26; P = 0.02). The biosecurity model revealed a significant association with the use of natural mating (OR = 9.03; CI 95% = 2.14-38.03; P < 0.01); isolation paddocks for ill animals (OR = 0.06; CI 95% = 0.05-0.83; P = 0.03); years providing milk for the same industry (OR = 0.94; CI 95% = 0.91-0.97; P = 0.02); and direct contact over fences among cattle of neighbouring farms (OR = 5.78; CI 95% = 1.41-23.67; P = 0.04). We recommend the application of grouping predictors as a good choice for model building because it could lead to a better understanding of disease-exposure associations.
Assuntos
Doença das Mucosas por Vírus da Diarreia Viral Bovina/epidemiologia , Vírus da Diarreia Viral Bovina/isolamento & purificação , Animais , Anticorpos Antivirais/análise , Doença das Mucosas por Vírus da Diarreia Viral Bovina/virologia , Brasil/epidemiologia , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Bovinos , Estudos Transversais , Vírus da Diarreia Viral Bovina/classificação , Leite/virologia , Análise Multivariada , Prevalência , Fatores de RiscoRESUMO
Con el objetivo de determinar los principales problemas reproductivos en vacas y búfalas, su frecuencia y la relación con variables climáticas, se seleccionaron 296 hembras bovinas (150 de rebaños mixtos y 146 de rebaños bovinos) y 238 hembras bubalinas (126 de mixtos y 112 de rebaños bubalinos). Se registraron la frecuencia de patologías reproductivas, los indicadores reproductivos entre 2010 y 2011, así como el promedio de las variables climáticas de la zona. El número de patologías reproductivas fue mayor en bovinos (n=11) que en los búfalos (n=5) y la repetición de celo fue la alteración más frecuente en ambas especies: 36.8% y 12.6% en bovinos y búfalos, respectivamente, con diferencia significativa (P < 0.05) respecto del resto de patologías, pero no entre tipos de hatos. La frecuencia de patologías disminuyó a medida que aumentó el número de partos en vacas, pero en el caso de las búfalas, las diferencias no fueron significativas. Entre las variables climáticas, sólo se encontró asociación directa entre el brillo solar y los partos de vacas y búfalas, así como entre la amplitud térmica y los partos en el caso de las búfalas (P < 0.05). Se concluye que las búfalas presentaron menor frecuencia y variedad de patologías reproductivas que las vacas y que, tanto la frecuencia de los partos como de las patologías, están asociadas con el brillo solar.
In order to determine the main reproductive problems in cows and buffaloes, their frequency and relationship to climatic variables, 296 bovine females (150 and 146 mixed herds cattle herds) and 238 buffaloes cows (126 and 112 mixed herds) were selected. For which the frequency of reproductive disorders, reproductive indicators between 2010 and 2011, and the average climatic variables were recorded in the area. The number of reproductive disorders was higher in cattle (n=11) than in buffaloes (n=5) and repeat breeding was the most frequent in both species: 36.8% and 12.6% in cattle and buffalo, respectively, with significant difference (P < 0.05) with other diseases but not between types of herds. The frequency of pathologies decreased as parity increased cow, but in buffaloes were not significant differences. Between climatic variables, only association between sun's brightness and calving in cows and buffaloes and thermal amplitude deliveries in the case of buffaloes (P < 0.05) was found. We conclude that the buffaloes had lower frequency and variety of pathologies than cows and that both the frequency of deliveries and pathologies are associated with sun's brightness.
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A cross-sectional study was carried out to identify risk factors for bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) infection in 300 randomly selected dairy herds which were tested for antibodies in bulk tank milk (BTM) using a commercial indirect ELISA kit (SVANOVA). Results from the analysis were interpreted according to the Swedish BVDV control scheme. The testing revealed 129 (43%) BTM BVDV antibody-positive herds. Use of artificial insemination (AI) and herd size were significantly associated with BVDV serological status (P<0.05). Dairy herds that use AI had 2.82 increased odds of BVDV-seropositivity (95% CI: 1.02-7.24). Since the semen used in the studied population come from known selected sires, it was hypothesized that AI technicians should represent an important risk factor because the increasing number of visitors in the farm can introduce the virus through the clothes, shoes and contaminated equipment.
Assuntos
Doença das Mucosas por Vírus da Diarreia Viral Bovina/epidemiologia , Animais , Doença das Mucosas por Vírus da Diarreia Viral Bovina/etiologia , Brasil/epidemiologia , Bovinos , Vírus da Diarreia Viral Bovina , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática/veterinária , Feminino , Inseminação Artificial/efeitos adversos , Inseminação Artificial/veterinária , Leite/virologia , Prevalência , Fatores de RiscoRESUMO
Usually referral letters are the only means of communication between general practitioners and specialists in the health area. However, they are inadequate if important basic data are omitted. The aim of this study was to compare the content of standard and non-standard letters. A total of 1956 files from the Oral Medicine Service were consecutively evaluated (March 1996 to September 2000). Key items were considered for analysis and the results were stored in a database using the Epinfo 6.04 program. The chi2 test (alpha=0.05) was applied to the results. Of the 1956 files examined, 34% (662) had a referral letter, 31% of them being standard letters and 69% non-standard letters. Most standard letters (87%) were from professionals of public health institutions. Most percent discrepancies between standard and non-standard letters were observed for patient address (14.90 vs 1.32%), patient age (54.81 vs 9.47%), chief complaint (32.21 vs 8.37%), fundamental lesion (29.33 vs 13.66%), and symptoms (27.81 vs 15.42%). Statistically significant differences were observed for patient age, professional referring the patient, chief complaint, and site of the lesion. The quality and quantity of the information differed significantly between the two types of letters. The standard letters were more complete and contained information commonly absent in the non-standard letters. We suggest the use of standard letters for improving the quality of communication among professionals.
Assuntos
Correspondência como Assunto , Relações Interprofissionais , Medicina Bucal , Encaminhamento e Consulta , Distribuição de Qui-Quadrado , Comunicação , Bases de Dados como Assunto , Registros Odontológicos , Documentação/métodos , Odontologia Geral , Humanos , Odontologia em Saúde PúblicaRESUMO
Important advances in the diagnosis and treatment of congenital heart disease (CHD) have been made in the past 50 years. Nowadays echocardiogram plays an important role in the diagnosis. This procedure is able to identify a wide range of malformations. Cardiac catheterization is mainly a therapeutic tool, surgery is now performed much earlier because CHDS are diagnosed sometimes before birth or very early in life. All this advances in the diagnosis and treatment of this group of patients, allows them not only a better quality of life but also the possibility of reaching adulthood and having children. The study of the etiology of CHD is a field that has not evolved as fast as the assessment and treatment. Nowadays we have a larger population of adults with CHD. The discovery of a microdeletion of chromosome 22 q11.2 associated with conotruncal cardiac defects, proves a common etiology for clinical phenotypes and conotruncal malformations. In order to identify, which of these patients share the same etiology and presented with this syndrome, we collected a group that shared not only heart defects of the conotruncal type but also specific phenotypic alterations such as broad nasal bridge, nasal dimple, high palate, and digitalization of the first finger among others. The first two patients studied with FISH technique were positive to monosomy of a locus on chromosome 22. Those patients with CHD of conotruncal type should undergo microdeletion testing so genetic counseling can be offered as well as appropriate treatment in areas such as cardiology and developmental psychology.
Assuntos
Deleção Cromossômica , Cromossomos Humanos Par 22/genética , Cardiopatias Congênitas/genética , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Aconselhamento Genético , Cardiopatias Congênitas/diagnóstico , Comunicação Interventricular/diagnóstico , Comunicação Interventricular/genética , Humanos , Hibridização in Situ Fluorescente , Masculino , Fenótipo , Atresia Pulmonar/diagnóstico , Atresia Pulmonar/genética , Tetralogia de Fallot/diagnóstico , Tetralogia de Fallot/genéticaRESUMO
The study population consisted of 148 patients who did not undergo surgical treatment and 26 who were operated, most of them diagnosed after the age of 2, with a follow-up from 6 months to 25.3 years. Patients were divided in three groups of clinical deterioration according to their functional class and cardiothoracic index (CTR) long-term follow-up in 148 nonoperated patients showed significant differences for mortality between groups I and III (p < 0.001), and between groups II and III (p < 0.02). Predictors of death included the association among functional class III or IV CTR > or = 65% with either cyanosis or arrhythmias (p < 0.05). The multivariate analysis showed that clinical deterioration (p < 0.0001), CTR (p < 0.0002) and functional class (p < 0.001), were significant for mortality. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed a survival rate of 81% in the overall patients free from surgical treatment. According to Kaplan-Meier analysis, the rate of survival was lower in patients with CTR > or = 65% (63.5%), in patients who had functional class IV (52.5%) and in patients included in group III of clinical deterioration (38.2%). Despite the fact that the association of functional class III or IV plus CTR > or = 65% with either cyanosis or arrhythmias is a good predictor for death, the mortality in patients who had only one of these variables was lower. Patients included in group II of clinical deterioration in stable condition presented long survival with medical treatment. Due to the high mortality rate found in group III, surgical treatment of Ebstein's anomaly must be done before deteriorating into group III. Surgical indication must be done considering the surgical risk of each group according to the experience of the Institution and comparing the rate of surgical mortality with the rate of survival without surgery.
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Anomalia de Ebstein/diagnóstico , Adolescente , Adulto , Fatores Etários , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Anomalia de Ebstein/mortalidade , Anomalia de Ebstein/cirurgia , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Lactente , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Análise Multivariada , Razão de Chances , Prognóstico , Fatores de Risco , Análise de Sobrevida , Taxa de Sobrevida , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
It is demonstrated that acetylcholine released from cholinergic interneurons modulates the excitability of neostriatal projection neurons. Physostigmine and neostigmine increase input resistance (RN) and enhance evoked discharge of spiny projection neurons in a manner similar to muscarine. Muscarinic RN increase occurs in the whole subthreshold voltage range (-100 to -45 mV), remains in the presence of TTX and Cd2+, and can be blocked by the relatively selective M1,4 muscarinic receptor antagonist pirenzepine but not by M2 or M3 selective antagonists. Cs+ occludes muscarinic effects at potentials more negative than -80 mV. A Na+ reduction in the bath occludes muscarinic effects at potentials more positive than -70 mV. Thus, muscarinic effects involve different ionic conductances: inward rectifying and cationic. The relatively selective M2 receptor antagonist AF-DX 116 does not block muscarinic effects on the projection neuron but, surprisingly, has the ability to mimic agonistic actions increasing RN and firing. Both effects are blocked by pirenzepine. HPLC measurements of acetylcholine demonstrate that AF-DX 116 but not pirenzepine greatly increases endogenous acetylcholine release in brain slices. Therefore, the effects of the M2 antagonist on the projection neurons were attributable to autoreceptor block on cholinergic interneurons. These experiments show distinct opposite functions of muscarinic M1- and M2-type receptors in neostriatal output, i.e., the firing of projection neurons. The results suggest that the use of more selective antimuscarinics may be more profitable for the treatment of motor deficits.
Assuntos
Acetilcolina/fisiologia , Agonistas Muscarínicos/farmacologia , Antagonistas Muscarínicos/farmacologia , Neostriado/fisiologia , Neurônios/fisiologia , Receptores Muscarínicos/fisiologia , Animais , Cloreto de Cádmio/farmacologia , Césio/farmacologia , Cloretos/farmacologia , Estimulação Elétrica , Técnicas In Vitro , Potenciais da Membrana/efeitos dos fármacos , Muscarina/farmacologia , Neurônios/efeitos dos fármacos , Fisostigmina/farmacologia , Pirenzepina/análogos & derivados , Pirenzepina/farmacologia , Ratos , Receptor Muscarínico M1 , Receptor Muscarínico M2 , Receptor Muscarínico M3 , Receptor Muscarínico M4 , Tetrodotoxina/farmacologiaRESUMO
The association between persistent truncus arteriosus and interrupted aortic arch is a rare but important condition since it has special clinical and therapeutic implications. In this article we present three cases with this malformation. The clinical characteristics are similar to patients with isolated truncus such as heart failure and cyanosis since birth, a protosystolic click, an ejection murmur over the left parasternal line, heart enlargement, increased pulmonary vascular markings and biventricular hypertrophy. The clinical suspicion of interrupted aortic arch is bases on the presence of asymmetric pulses in the upper and lower limbs, but this difference is present only when the arterial duct is restrictive. Because of that, the echocardiographic analysis, mainly, and the angiocardiogram, secondarily, are very important diagnostic tools. We analyze the echocardiographic diagnostic findings, as well as the angiocardiographic anatomy. Also, some important pathophysiological aspects are discussed.
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Aorta Torácica/anormalidades , Persistência do Tronco Arterial/diagnóstico , Aorta Torácica/diagnóstico por imagem , Aorta Torácica/cirurgia , Cateterismo Cardíaco , Ecocardiografia , Eletrocardiografia , Evolução Fatal , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Persistência do Tronco Arterial/cirurgiaRESUMO
Sixty-nine patients with Corrected Transposition of the Great Arteries were studied, with a mean age of 8.3 years. Forty-nine had atrial situs solitus (SS) and 20 atrial situs inversus (SI). The diagnosis was proved by echocardiography in 28 cases and in all by angiocardiography. In cases with SS, 29 presented ventricular septal defect (VSD), 20 had subvalvular pulmonary stenosis (SVPS), 13 tricuspid regurgitation (TR), 13 atrio-ventricular block (AVB), and seven without associated defects. In cases with SI, 13 had VSD, 14 SVPS, five IT, three AVB, and two without associated defects. The long-term follow-up of the atrioventricular (AV) conduction in 53 cases, ranging between 2 and 37 years (mean 8.3) showed at the beginning of the evaluation 37 cases with normal AV conduction, 14 with first degree AVB, and two with complete AVB. At the end of the follow-up 24 cases had normal AV conduction, 13 first degree, two second degree, four intermittent and 10 complete AVB. The contingency table showed that the possibility of developing changes of the AV conduction was greater in those cases who had an abnormality at the beginning with a relative risk of 2.27 (p = 0.03). Twenty-three cases had SVPS associated with VSD without significant symptoms. During a follow-up ranging from 1 to 20 years (mean 6.5 +/- 5.9), five of these patients were surgically corrected at ages from 6 to 11 years. The remaining cases have had a stable course. At the beginning of the study, 18 cases had TR, and it developed in five more patients during the same follow-up period.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Transposição dos Grandes Vasos/cirurgia , Adolescente , Adulto , Nó Atrioventricular , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Seguimentos , Bloqueio Cardíaco/complicações , Bloqueio Cardíaco/epidemiologia , Comunicação Interventricular/complicações , Comunicação Interventricular/epidemiologia , Humanos , Lactente , Estenose da Valva Pulmonar/complicações , Estenose da Valva Pulmonar/epidemiologia , Transposição dos Grandes Vasos/complicações , Transposição dos Grandes Vasos/fisiopatologia , Insuficiência da Valva Tricúspide/complicações , Insuficiência da Valva Tricúspide/epidemiologiaRESUMO
We present the long term follow-up of two groups of patients under 16 years of age in whom two different types of mitral valve prostheses were used for the treatment of mitral valve disease. Group I was formed by 74 patients with Starr-Edwards (6120) prosthesis and group II by 36 cases with Bjork-Shiley prosthesis. Group I was followed for a mean period of 11 years and group II for a mean period of 7.5 years. The clinical evolution of both groups assessed according to the New York Heart Association criteria showed improvement of the functional class (p less than 0.006). Twenty seven cases of group I and 21 of group II underwent cardiac catheterization for the evaluation of surgical results. In group I, the mean pulmonary arterial systolic pressure (PASP) decreased from 57 mmHg to 33 mmHg (p less than 0.001) and the mean pulmonary arterial wedge pressure (PAWP) from 20.8 mmHg to 12.1 mmHg (p less than 0.05). In group II, the mean PASP decreased from 59.2 mmHg to 28.5 mmHg (p less than 0.001) and the mean PAWP from 24.6 mmHg to 8.5 mmHg (p less than 0.001). There was statistically significant difference for a greater incidence of thromboembolism in group I (p = 0.037). No differences were found for bacterial endocarditis, dysfunction and death.
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Próteses Valvulares Cardíacas/efeitos adversos , Insuficiência da Valva Mitral/cirurgia , Estenose da Valva Mitral/cirurgia , Adolescente , Pressão Sanguínea , Criança , Seguimentos , Humanos , Valva Mitral , Insuficiência da Valva Mitral/fisiopatologia , Estenose da Valva Mitral/fisiopatologiaRESUMO
A series of 341 patients undergoing cardiac surgery, of which 276 underwent coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and 37 underwent valve replacement, is presented herein. Results of mortality and morbidity are shown, discussed and compared to that of other institutions, and found favorable. These patients represent our first year of experience at the San Pablo Heart Institute.
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Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Cardíacos/estatística & dados numéricos , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Ponte de Artéria Coronária/estatística & dados numéricos , Feminino , Doenças das Valvas Cardíacas/cirurgia , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Porto RicoAssuntos
Lactente , Pré-Escolar , Humanos , Infecções Bacterianas , Morbidade , Desnutrição Proteico-CalóricaRESUMO
En 20 enfermos sometidos a cirugiia cardiaca con circulacion extracorporea (C.E.C.), se utilizo eletroanestesia (EA); la misma se uso con el objetivo de disminuir al maximo lacantidad de farmacos y obtener asi, combinada con Protoxido de Azoe y relajantes musculares un buen plano de anestesia y una adecuada estabilidad cardiovascular. Eletroanestesia obtiene del aparato (Eletronarcon Ir) que genera impulsos cuadrados sobre el sistema nervioso central, con la aplicacion de dos eletrodos frontales (catodos) y dos eletrodos debajo de la apofisis mastoidea (anodos); total cuatro eletrodos. Se determino en todos los casos presion arterial media (A.P.M.), presion venosa central (P.V.C.), frecuencia cardiaca (F.C.), diuresis, equilibrio acido/ base, hematocrito, hemoglobina, potasio serico, glucemia, recuperacion anestesica y duracion de la asistencia mecanica ventilatoria en el post-operatorio. Se sintetiza para cada variable la informacion contenida en la muestra calculado medidas de posicion y de dispersion. Aplicando el Metodos de los Cuadrados Minimos se ajustan las funciones de las variables hemodinamicas en funcion del tiempo de anestesia. Se comparan las diferencias entre los periodos de pre y post-bomba aplicando las pruebas de t de Student y el Analisis de la Varianza. La tecnica empleada demostro ser adecuada para la anestesia en cirugia cardiaca con C.E.C
Assuntos
Eletronarcose , Circulação Extracorpórea , Cirurgia TorácicaRESUMO
En 20 enfermos sometidos a cirugiia cardiaca con circulacion extracorporea (C.E.C.), se utilizo eletroanestesia (EA); la misma se uso con el objetivo de disminuir al maximo lacantidad de farmacos y obtener asi, combinada con Protoxido de Azoe y relajantes musculares un buen plano de anestesia y una adecuada estabilidad cardiovascular. Eletroanestesia obtiene del aparato (Eletronarcon Ir) que genera impulsos cuadrados sobre el sistema nervioso central, con la aplicacion de dos eletrodos frontales (catodos) y dos eletrodos debajo de la apofisis mastoidea (anodos); total cuatro eletrodos. Se determino en todos los casos presion arterial media (A.P.M.), presion venosa central (P.V.C.), frecuencia cardiaca (F.C.), diuresis, equilibrio acido/ base, hematocrito, hemoglobina, potasio serico, glucemia, recuperacion anestesica y duracion de la asistencia mecanica ventilatoria en el post-operatorio. Se sintetiza para cada variable la informacion contenida en la muestra calculado medidas de posicion y de dispersion. Aplicando el Metodos de los Cuadrados Minimos se ajustan las funciones de las variables hemodinamicas en funcion del tiempo de anestesia. Se comparan las diferencias entre los periodos de pre y post-bomba aplicando las pruebas de t de Student y el Analisis de la Varianza. La tecnica empleada demostro ser adecuada para la anestesia en cirugia cardiaca con C.E.C
Assuntos
Circulação Extracorpórea , Cirurgia Torácica , EletronarcoseRESUMO
The role of the gonads and their hormones on body weight was studied in rats of both sexes submitted to chronic hypoxia and their controls at sea level atmospheric pressure. Intact rats were exposed to either 4 700 or 6 000 m simulated altitude in a hypopressure chamber. Castrated rats and castrated rats daily injected with either 0.5 mg of testosterone or 20 microgram of estradiol or the vehicle, were exposed to the higher altitude. The rat weight was recorded for a period of at least eight weeks. All groups of hypoxic male animals increased their weight significantly less than the controls at sea level. Also in castrated females and in castrated injected with testosterone or the vehicle the same pattern of weight curves was observed. On the contrary, groups of intact females and castrated females injected with estradiol did not show significant differences between hypoxic and control animals. Only in a group of smaller intact females (50-80 g) the body weight increase was significantly diminished by exposure to either 4 700 or 6 000 m simulated altitude.