RESUMO
BACKGROUND: A journal's quality is often assessed by its impact factor, a measure of the number of times a journal's published articles are cited in the scientific literature. However, the impact factor may not adequately measure a journal's influence on practice. As an alternative approach, we analyzed referenced articles of the 2015 and 2021 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Sexually Transmitted Infections (STI) Treatment Guidelines, arguably the most influential document on STI prevention and care in the Unites States. METHODS: Referenced articles in the 2015 and 2021 guidelines were abstracted and analyzed by source and year of publication, and sources were ranked by frequency of citation. RESULTS: Of 892 citations in 2015 and 1454 citations in 2021, the most frequently cited reference sources included the journals Sexually Transmitted Diseases (14.0% and 12.8% in 2015 and 2021, respectively), Clinical Infectious Diseases (7.5% and 8.2%), and Sexually Transmitted Infections (5.6% and 6.4%). CONCLUSIONS: Sexually transmitted infection specialty journals influence STI prevention and practice beyond what would be expected from the journals' impact factor alone.
Assuntos
Fator de Impacto de Revistas , Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis , Humanos , Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis/prevenção & controleRESUMO
The risk of HIV infection is higher among transgender women and cisgender men who have sex with men (MSM) compared to the general population due in part to social and contextual factors. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and association of alcohol and drug abuse, discrimination and violence among transgender sex workers compared to cisgender male sex workers and cisgender men who had not received money for sex in Guatemala City. In 2010, transgender women and cisgender men who had had sex with men or transgender women were recruited into a cross-sectional behavioural survey. Among transgender women, 86% received money for sex in the past year. Transgender sex workers were more likely to use drugs and binge drink, three times as likely to be discriminated against and eight times as likely to be forced to have sex compared to non-sex worker men. Male sex workers were twice as likely to use illicit drugs or experience physical violence and six times as likely to experience forced sex compared to non-sex worker men. Transgender and male sex workers would benefit from harm reduction for substance use, violence prevention, response and strategies to mitigate discrimination.
Assuntos
Infecções por HIV/epidemiologia , Profissionais do Sexo , Minorias Sexuais e de Gênero , Pessoas Transgênero , Adolescente , Adulto , Estudos Transversais , Identidade de Gênero , Guatemala , Humanos , Masculino , Trabalho Sexual , Sexismo , Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Substâncias , Violência , Adulto JovemRESUMO
This study aims to describe the transgender women and men who have sex with men (MSM) missed through venue-based sampling and illustrate how data on venues can be used to prioritize service delivery. Respondent-driven sampling (RDS) and time-location sampling (TLS) were used concurrently in 2010 for behavioral surveillance among MSM and transgender women in Guatemala City. RDS recruits who did not frequent venues (n = 106) were compared to TLS recruits (n = 609). TLS participants recruited at different types of venues were compared. RDS recruits who did not frequent venues were less educated, less likely to identify as gay, more likely to have concurrent partners and female sexual partners. Participants recruited at NGOs, saunas, hotels, streets and parks had more partners, were more likely to receive money for sex or have concurrent partners. Prevention programs for MSM and transgender women should characterize social venues and people that frequent them and improve service coverage through venues and social networks.
Assuntos
Infecções por HIV/prevenção & controle , Comportamento Sexual , Parceiros Sexuais , Rede Social , Pessoas Transgênero , Transexualidade , Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida , Adulto , Feminino , Guatemala/epidemiologia , Infecções por HIV/epidemiologia , Humanos , Masculino , Assunção de Riscos , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: To describe the relationship between the location of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) facilities and county-level child death from trauma in the contiguous USA. STUDY DESIGN: We conducted a cross-sectional ecologic study using county-level data on death due to trauma in children 0 to 14 years of age from 1996 to 1998. These data were linked to 1997 county-level data on availability of PICU facilities. RESULTS: In 1997, PICU facilities were present in 9% of USA counties. There were 18,337 childhood deaths from trauma in the study period. The presence of PICU facilities in a county was associated with lower mortality from trauma (incidence rate ratio [IRR] = 0.72; 95% CI 0.67-0.78) compared to counties without PICU facilities. After controlling for residence in rural and low-income counties, and the presence of adult medicosurgical intensive care units, the presence of PICU facilities in a county remained associated with lower rates of death from trauma (IRR = 0.82; 95% CI 0.75-0.89). CONCLUSION: The presence of PICU facilities is related to lower mortality rates due to traumatic injuries at the county level. This finding may reflect the concentration of pediatric subspecialty care in counties with PICUs. This association merits further study with individual-level observations.