RESUMO
OBJECTIVES: This article presents a space-time scan statistic, useful for evaluating space-time cluster alarms, and illustrates the method on a recent brain cancer cluster alarms in Los Alamos, NM. METHODS: The space-time scan statistic accounts for the preselection bias and multiple testing inherent in a cluster alarm. Confounders and time trends can be adjusted for. RESULTS: The observed excess of brain cancer in Los Alamos was not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: The space-time scan statistic is useful as a screening tool for evaluating which cluster alarms merit further investigation and which clusters are probably chance occurrences.
Assuntos
Neoplasias Encefálicas/epidemiologia , Conglomerados Espaço-Temporais , Feminino , Humanos , Incidência , Masculino , Método de Monte Carlo , New Mexico/epidemiologia , Programa de SEERRESUMO
The recently described MB-02 human cell line requires Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor (GM-CSF) for continuous growth and terminally differentiates into enucleate, hemoglobinized cells in response to erythropoietin. Here, analysis of globin production now demonstrates that uninduced MB-02 cells produce alpha globin and the fetal globin chains G gamma and A gamma in a ratio of 1:3. Addition of erythropoietin results in de novo synthesis of beta globin chains and a marked increase in total Hb/cell. Thus, the MB-02 cell line partially recapitulates the fetal to adult globin switch that occurs during erythroid and human fetal development and provides a new clonal human erythroid progenitor system for investigating the biochemical and molecular events involved in globin gene switching.
Assuntos
Fatores Estimuladores de Colônias/farmacologia , Eritropoetina/farmacologia , Hemoglobina Fetal/genética , Regulação da Expressão Gênica/efeitos dos fármacos , Genes/efeitos dos fármacos , Substâncias de Crescimento/farmacologia , Hemoglobina A/genética , Linhagem Celular , Hemoglobina Fetal/biossíntese , Globinas/biossíntese , Globinas/genética , Fator Estimulador de Colônias de Granulócitos e Macrófagos , Hemoglobina A/biossíntese , HumanosRESUMO
Five patients with immune thrombocytopenia and neutropenia, including three with autoimmune hemolytic anemia, are described; none had identifiable underlying disease. All patients had demonstrable autoantibodies against multiple hematopoietic cell types, and in two patients, the antiplatelet and antierythrocyte antibodies were shown to be distinct. All patients had continuing disease, and with follow-up of 2 to 6 1/2 years, all developed nonhematologic disease manifestations. These patients demonstrate that even in the absence of identifiable underlying disease, autoimmune hematologic disease resulting from production of antibodies against red cells, white cells, and platelets often involves a generalized disorder of immune regulation, with multisystem disease manifestations and a prolonged course.